【 Weak current College 】 on GIS technology in the application of fire communications---Power By 【 China power house network 】

Summary: GIS as fire communication command system features primary support module, is of modern communication technologies, a secondary system for fire geographic information queries. Use of GIS, combined with other system modules, in-fighting and rescue scene can get lots of useful information, provide the field commander Pro machine command, determined to provide a strong basis for such links. Keywords: GIS fire-fighting and rescue a communication, the preamble along with the rapid development of the social economy, urban scale is continually expanding, increasingly high population density, various burning of species and nature become increasingly complex, building construction, road layout, water distribution, and other elements of uncertainty have increased significantly, to fire forces fire rescue work increases the difficulty. Fire Department responsible for the protection of life and property safety, but whose available resources are very limited. How to make use of accessible, valuable information on fire prevention is vital, and GIS are just as fire departments provide valuable information. Second, the introduction of GIS is the GIS technology to geospatial databases, computer hardware and software technical support, used for geospatial data acquisition, storage, management, transport, retrieval, analysis and display, to provide a space object of decision-making and research — machine system. In this way, guided by the principle that Canada has established a surveying company in the world's first practical geographic information system GIS "Canada." As a result of GIS technology and good prospects for development, in 1998, the then United States Vice President Al Gore of "Digital Earth," a new concept, set off a new upsurge of applied research. Since the late 1970s for geographic information and application, GIS technology has almost penetrated into all sectors of the national economy, the impact and change our production and living and working methods. Current GIS have topographic and thematic mapping, urban planning and municipal engineering, land use and planning, resources, environmental assessment, a study on seismic hazard prediction, protection and utilization of biological resources and many other areas has been widely used. III. current fire communication command problems for a long time, the disaster scene commanders mainly rely on experience and intuition command forces fire-fighting and rescue activities, on-site command often have a certain blindness, lack of scientific and technological basis of commanding. Therefore, the success rate of fire and rescue and less efficient. In order to put to death, personal injury and fire loss control at the minimum, this requires fire forces command system with efficient and scientific decision-making system. At present, most of the provinces of fire command center is building a GIS and GPS, and on this basis, the establishment complies with the local situation of fire communication command decision support system, of the practical application of results. Easy-to-human machine interface, GIS technology to provide powerful fire prevention features. Therefore, GIS technology can be used for non-GIS professionals to complete the action plan for fire analysis, formulation and implementation of rapid action. These tools enable command staff quickly and accurately obtain related information, such as: rescue, fire protection equipment, vehicle status, action line, etc. However, the GIS-based most fire dispatch system with advanced technology, functionality, the system is big, very expensive, and other characteristics, throughout many of the district and County Fire forces, personnel, funds are limited, fire, hundreds of fewer and fire relatively modest amount of data, if you also apply the system, will cause certain waste, does not comply with local building and force development needs. So how to balance between communication and command system features improved sexual and forward-looking, and achieve maximum savings in financial, material and human, is the current fire command system in one of the important issues. Fourth, the GIS-based new communication command system based on GIS technology to build fire communication command system, the primary factor is equipped with fire electronic map. China's most urban fire command centers have purchased city map, but these maps do not include or cover little fire information, therefore, must be in accordance with the requirements of the fire communication command on the map to reorganize and continuously revised in order to be used for fire extinguishing and rescue. The current widely used world standard information visualization system GIS MapInfo technology as a platform, combined with MapBasic, MapX OLE Automation and GIS applications, such as development. Mapinfo product positioning in the desktop map information systems, and Arc/Info and other large compared to the GIS system, Mapinfo entity data does not contain topology, cartography and spatial analysis capabilities relatively weak, but on popular PC desktop data visualization and information map application, Mapinfo easy to learn and use, the price is low, a selection of GIS products. Mapinfo provides its second development platform, users can develop their own platform GIS applications. The second development method has three kinds of boils, which is based on the MapBasic development, development based on OLE Automation and control of development mapx. For the fire commander can be more convenient in electronic map on the understanding of some special circumstances, such as urban building location, road layout, fire-fighting water (fire hydrant) distributions, you can use to make specialized MapX control fire thematic maps. Current fire forces to promote the use of the chemical disaster decision support system, is to use this control to maintain electronic map info, good effect. And traditional GIS professional development environment, such as MapX GIS systems development with a small flexible, simple, inexpensive, and other characteristics, but will become more and more popular. Use mapx GIS-system run faster, but didn't realize the MapX and all Mapinfo functionality (allegedly more than 95%), also found in its ability to generate or edit the mapping and geographic analysis capacity and other defects. 5. GIS in fire information applications (1) in 119 command. GIS application in 119 as the oldest and most able to embody the results of the technology, the application is more mature now. GIS as a fire to entertain and intelligent decision system powerful AIDS, mainly through the alarm message orientation, GPS positioning, query statistics, data analysis, to leverage GIS system accurately and quickly identify the location and alert people fire location, by optimizing the choice and calculation can determine the best route, through vehicle GPS positioning system capable of real-time observation on the map of road track vehicles, to determine whether a specified route. (2) in the application of fire planning. As GIS based on the graphic content, relevant information is more detailed, accurate, and your computer can compare to visually reflect the various data real figure, you can keep up to date with all the fire key unit of siting, planning, construction, fire site planning, as well as fire-fighting water construction plans. Through the various specification data into computer, GIS system will automatically figure out a plan, and the spacing calculated. To change the traditional human judgement errors and inaccuracies. (3) in the analysis of fire information data. Use GIS to map to visually reflect the regional and industry fire distribution statistics analysis of fire data in order to develop the scientific measures and countermeasures to reduce fire accidents. At the same time, through the establishment of a GIS-based fire hazard information management system for fire hazard analysis, both image and reflect the circumstances and to facilitate dynamic management, through some information query, analysis, evaluation and scientific decision-making, can for urban emergencies scientific prediction for fire protection, safety, and other sectors targeted strengthening of supervision. (4) make the application of fire-fighting. As GIS content rich, many systems use images or even three-dimensional graphics, to direct the officers from the air around understanding the observation. For Commander integrated a variety of factors, develop an effective firefighting plan has helped. (5) GIS is moving in a networked, virtual reality, multimedia and 3D development, development of network simulation system is not far from the reality, through the online variety of comprehensive data on discretion, fire power dispatcher, vehicle layout and attack direction tactical measures can detect fires success. VI. concluding new fire communication command system is based on GIS technology, integrated a variety of disciplines and modern achievements of science and technology, the intricacies associated with each other. To ensure that the system is running smoothly, also further enhance the usefulness of GIS technology, establish and perfect the system of intelligent pattern structure, the underlying database, platform and application software, etc. To improve our country's firefighting force responses to various events in sudden disasters, reduce social disaster losses suffered, to build a reasonable scientific new fire communication command system, for the value of the theoretical system, as well as the prospects for development, etc, will have a very important significance. References <1> Wu LUN, liuyu the geographic information systems theory, methodology and applications ", science press, 2001: 10-12.