【 Weak current College 】 fire building fire codes 100 questions (1)---Power By 【 China power house network 】

1 the building design fire protection standard of scope?

This specification applies to the following new, expansion and reconstruction of industrial and civil construction;

(1) nine layers and layers of housing (including the underlying set of business service network of residential) and building height not exceeding 24 other civilian buildings and building height exceeding 24 single public buildings;

(2) single-layer, multi-layer and senior industrial buildings;

(3) underground civil architecture.

Does not apply to explosives factory (library), fireworks factory (library), no window factory, defence works, subway and other ground of non-residential construction, oil refinery and petrochemical plant production area.

2, "architectural design fire protection standard of the tall buildings design fire protection standard of fire resistance of a firewall are few hours?

Answer: 4 hours, 3 hours.

3. What is the current specification select as a benchmark for the fire resistance rating?

Select the existing specifications to determine floors as a fire resistance rating of the Datum.

4, production of fire risk is divided, divided into several categories?

Production of fire risk is in the process of production or processing of goods used for the classification of the fire risk. Our existing architectural design fire protection standard, it is divided into a, b, c, d, e five classes.

5 fire resistance rating, the workshop how to make a selection under fire hazard?

Fire resistance ratings powerhouse and the production of the fire risk categories. A, b production should adopt a fire resistance rating, II; r factory fire resistance ratings should not be below level 3; Ding, "production plant fire resistance ratings should not be lower than level four.

6, substations, distribution and nail, CPI production plant layout requirements?

Substation and distribution should not be located in potentially explosive atmospheres, CPI plant in or adjacent to build, but for the a, b building dedicated substation 10KV and below, substation, when using a firewall separates the entrance doors and Windows, you can post o construction. B plants distribution must open the window on the firewall, you should set the non-burning body seals fixed window.

7, plant of how fire separation?

8, potentially explosive atmospheres-explosion-proof, CPI plant requirements?

(1) an explosive hazard of a, b building should be open or half open. And the use of reinforced concrete column and steel load-bearing frame or bent structure, steel columns should be fire-resistant protective layer.

(2) of the explosion of a, b building should set the necessary relief facilities. Pressure relief facilities should use of lightweight roof, doors and Windows of easy-to-relief or light wall as relief area.

(3) disseminated more air light of combustible gases, flammable vapor r workshop, the use of all or part of the lightweight roofs as relief facilities. Ceiling should be as flat and avoid dead corner, the upper portion of the space to factory building good ventilation.

(4) to disseminate more air heavy combustible, flammable vapor mode a plant as well as dust and fiber explosion of CPI plant should be used in the ground do not occur in the spark. Such as insulation material for the whole layer, should take measures against static electricity. It is located under the floor of the trench, like must be set, that the cover should be tight and should work closely with non-burning material is filled; and the adjacent plant-connected, non-burning material should be used.

9, plant security export quantity requirements?

The number of plant safety, exports should not be less than two. But meet the following requirements may be one of:

(1) r workshop, each floor of the building area is not more than the same time 100m2 and producing no more than 5 persons;

(2) r workshop, each floor of the building area is not more than the same time 150m2 and producing no more than 10 people;

(3) r workshop, each floor of the building area is over, and the same time 250m2 producing not more than 20 people;

(4) Ding, Xu class factory, each floor of the building area is not more than the same time 400m2 and producing no more than 30 people.

10, building basements, the exports of semi-basement security requirements?

Workshop in basements, half basement of the number of security exports should not be less than two. But not exceeding 50m2 and not more than 15 people can set up a time.

Fire-resistant grade 11, I and II buildings fire partitions each layer of the maximum allowable gross area is (2500m2) and the maximum allowed length is (150m).

12, the building's basement, semi basement fire compartment area should not be greater than (500m2).

13, dance installstion of setting requirements?

Dance installstion desirable set fire in primary and secondary levels in the first floor of building, second-tier or three-tier depends on external sites should not be set in a bag-shaped walkways on each side or end. When you have to set the other floors in the building, there should satisfy the following requirements:

(1) should not be set on the second floor and ground floor second floor below. When set in the ground floor, the basement floor and outdoor entrance floor-height difference should not be greater than 10m;

(2) a Hall, room area should not be greater than 200m2;

(3) should be set for smoke, smoke extraction facilities. For underground rooms, there is no window in the room or fixed sash floor room, as well as more than 20m and no natural smoke evacuation aisle or directly on the natural ventilation, but longer than 40m evacuation should be located in the aisle, mechanical smoke extraction facilities.

14, buildings have a lower level connectivity when fire compartment opening areaDivision of principles?

The building where the upper and lower layer adjoining zouma Gallery, escalators, etc opening area, press up, down connectivity layer as a fire retardant partition.

15, civil construction and fire separation requirements?


16. How can I determine the theatre, cinema, Hall Auditorium security export number?

Theatre, cinema, Hall Auditorium security number exports should not be less than two, and each security export number average evacuation should not exceed 250 people. Capacity of more than 2000 people, its more than 2000 people, each security export number average evacuation should not exceed 400 people.

17, civil construction, set fuel, gas boilers, oil-immersed power transformer room requirements?

Total evaporation less than 6t, single evaporation less than 2t of boiler, total capacity not exceeding 1260kVA, single rated capacity of not more than 630kVA fuel and more oil switch, etc., can stick-o-civil construction (except Auditorium, classroom, personnel are crowded rooms and wards) layout, but must be separated by a firewall.

The room is not suitable for placement in the main building. Where the conditions to be laid out, you should take the following measures:

(1) should not be arranged in the personnel-intensive sites above, below, or stick-o-and should-window and door openings in the fire resistance is not lower than 3.00h partitions (including the partition wall between the transformer room) and the floor and the other 1.50h parts separated by a door, when necessary, should set a fire door.

The transformer room and the partition wall between distribution Chamber, should set up a firewall.

(2), boiler room, the transformer room on the first floor on the wall, and should open the door in the wall. The first floor above the wall opening area should set a width of not less than 1.00m fire cornice or height of not less than 1.20m. ¡¡¡¡

(3) should be stored below the transformer transformers all oil accident oil facilities. Many oil switch, high-voltage capacitor room should be provided to prevent oil dispersed facilities.

18, civil construction, set store requirements?

Storage and use of flammable and explosive substances stores, workshops and storage rooms, non-attached a civil construction. Residential building on the lower floors as a commercial service sites, you should use the fire resistance of the wall and not 3h fire resistance rating of not less than the non-burning body 1h floor and residential segregation. Business service network security export must be separated with the residential portion.

19, fire truck road through the building requirements?

The building portion of the street is more than the total length of more than 150m or 220m, shall be set up through the building's fire road. Fire truck road through the door of the building, its height and width £ 4m should not be less than; waterway between gate stack should not be less than 3.5m.

20, firewall structure requirements?

(1) the firewall should truncate the combustion or burning of difficult roof structure, and should be no higher than the burning of roofs, above the combustion 0.4m or difficult burning body roof not less than 0.5m.

(2) when the low layer of the roof of a building to the fire resistance is not lower than the non-burning body 0.5h, senior industrial building roof for fire resistance is not lower than the non-burning body 1.00h, firewall (including vertical firewall) block to the bottom of the roof, grass-roots level is not high out of the roof.

(3) Center distance of skylight end firewall level distance less than 4m and skylight end to burning body should be taken to prevent the spread of fire.

(4) the building of the wall as embarrassed when burning, the firewall should highlight the difficult burning of the outer surface of the wall; fire safety belt 0.4m width, starting from the firewall centre line on each side should not be less than 2.0m. For garages, firewall or fire wall on both sides of doors, Windows and the horizontal distance between the entrance should be not less than 2.0m.

(5) should not be open on the Firewall window and door openings, such as the need to set up, you should set themselves off of a fire door, window.

(6) transport flammable gas and a, b, c liquid pipelines, tall buildings, is strictly prohibited from crossing the firewall; for other building and civil engineering, should not be passed through the firewall. Other pipeline if the application must pass through, not combustion materials around it to fill in all gaps.

(7) the firewall should not be set up within the exhaust port. Civil buildings such as the need to set up, its surrounding wall section thickness should be smaller than 12cm.

(8) the firewall would not be appropriate for high-rise building, located in U, L-shaped, and other high-rise buildings in the corner, and should not be located in other buildings in the corner. When located around the corner, the inside corner of the window and door openings on both sides between the nearest edges of the horizontal distance should not be less than 4.00m; when a wall mounted adjacent to a fixed category b fireproof window, the distance is not limited.

21, fire door settings should pay attention to what matters?

(1) fire door should be opened for the evacuation of the direction of the door, and should be turned off from any side of the manual on.

(2) for the evacuation of the aisle, staircase and vestibule of the fire doors should be closed automatically.

(3) dual fan and fan the fire doors, the door should be set in order.

(4) normally open fire doors, in the event of a fire, should have its own closed and signal feedback function.

(5) located in the vicinity of deformation joint fire doors, the number should be located in the floor of one side, and the door should not be more down after deformation joint, to prevent the spread of pyrotechnic through deformational slots.

22, fire valve location and construction requirements?

(1) ventilation pipeline crossing not burning body floor Office should be located fire damper. Ventilation ducts passing through the firewall should be fortified smoke fire dampers, or on either side are located at the firewallFire damper.

(2) delivery, return air duct through ventilation, air conditioning room partition wall and floor Office should be set to prevent engine room fire damper, fire spread through the air duct to other rooms in the building.

(3), back to the duct passes through our VIP lounge, function room, large room, flammable substances laboratory, stocks a large warehouse for flammable items and valuables as important or between the fire risk large room of wall and floor Office should be located fire damper.

(4) multiple layers and senior industrial and civil construction and the floor is usually the vertical fire compartment, fire compartmentation in such buildings, each layer level sent back to the wind pipe and vertical duct flow in horizontal pipe, should be set on fire dampers.

(5) air duct through building deformation of joints on both sides, should set fire damper. Multiple layers of public buildings and tall buildings in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet machinery or natural vertical exhaust pipes, such as measures taken to prevent backflow of difficulties, you should set fire damper.

(6) to control the fire damper is closed by the fusible alloy tablets or other thermal components should be located in areas vulnerable to heat. Its action temperature than the ventilation system maximum working temperature 25 ° c higher than 70 ° c, it is appropriate.

(7) in order to make the fire dampers can close off on their own, not only should fire valve closed and the air flow direction of the pipe, but should enable setting fire dampers in the ventilation pipe should get some strength, fire dampers in settings segment Office should be located separate hangers, prevent the air pipe deformation.

(8) into a gaseous extinguishing system room ventilation, air conditioning pipes, fire valves should be provided.

23, evacuation staircases of what conditions should be met?

(1) close to the standard layer or both ends of the fire prevention Division, and shall set the staircase (except outdoor staircase), to facilitate two-way evacuation.

(2), near the elevator will people frequently used routes and emergency line, combine, facilitate quick evacuation.

(3) close to the wall.

(4) staircase (subject to and connected to the basement stairs, leading to the refuge of high-rise building staircase) vertical to keep up and down through the tiers of position should not be changed.

(5) to avoid cross-flow.

(6) (half-) basement stairs and first floor should have fire prevention measures, and should not be separated and the staircase to the upper joint. Should generally be used in the first layer is not lower than 2.00h fire resistance of other parts of the partition and separated from, and to express the outdoor. You must partition the door should be opened on the as class b fire doors.

(7) evacuation staircases and corridors of the ladder should be consistent with the safe evacuation requirements should not be a spiral staircase and pie slices.

(8) stairway should not have the effect of highlighting the evacuation. Staircases and should not be attached before indoor water heating rooms, non-flammable material storage room, elevator shaft seal, combustible gases and a, b, c liquid pipelines.

(9) first floor stairs should be established through outdoor exports.

(10) residential buildings of combustible liquids pipeline should not be passed through the staircase, as passes must be local to take reliable protection measures.

24, hydrant fitted with any requests?

(1) fire hydrant should set along the road, the road width exceeding 60m should set the fire hydrant on both sides of the road, and it is near the crossroads;

(2) a, b, c liquid tank farm and LPG tank farm of fire hydrants, fire prevention should be located in the outer breakwater. But the distance to wall 15m range fire hydrant, should not be counted in the tank can be used from the roadside in; fire hydrant should not exceed the margin of the housing wall 2m should not be less than 5m;

(3) fire hydrant spacing should not exceed 120m;

(4) fire hydrant protection radius should not exceed 150m; in municipal fire protection RADIUS 150m, such as fire-fighting water consumption not exceeding 15l./s, no fire hydrant.

(5) the number of outdoor hydrant should be calculated according to the outdoor fire water consumption, each hydrant water should be 10 ~ 15L/s;

(6) outdoor aboveground fire hydrant should have a diameter of 150mm or 100mm and two diameter 65mm's for fire protection design;

(7) outdoor underground fire hydrant should set is 100 mm in diameter or the one of 65mm for fire protection design, with obvious signs.

25, the architectural design fire protection standard of what kind of architectural staircase shall be closed?

(1) hospitals, infirmaries ward building, equipped with air conditioning system for the multi-storey hotels, more than five layers of other public building indoor staircases.

(2) a dance installstion of underground construction, when its underground floors for three-layer and three-layer above and underground layers into one layer or second tier and its interior floor and outdoor entrance floor height difference of more than 10 meters.

(3) other underground shops and dance entertainment installstion of underground construction set closed staircase, stair doors should not lower than class b fire doors.

(4) a, b, c plant and staircases of high-rise building stairs staircase should be closed.

(5) senior Treasury should adopt the enclosed stairway.

26, theatres, cinemas, the Auditorium of the audience Hall security exports may require?

Theatres, cinemas, the Auditorium of the audience Hall of the number of security exports should not be less than two, and each safety export of average strength should not exceed 250 people. Capacity of more than 2000 people, its more than 2000 people, each security export number average evacuation should not exceed 400 people.

27, in what circumstances should fire water tank?
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(1) when the production, the maximum number of domestic water consumption, municipal water supply pipes, pipes or natural water sources do not meet the indoor and outdoor water usage with fire;

(2) of the municipal water supply pipeline to a branched or only article fles, and fire-fighting water consumption of more than 25L/s.

28, the architectural design fire protection standard of what the building should be set indoor fire water supply?

(1) workshop, storeroom, a height of not more than 24 research building (kept contact with water can cause a fire and explosion, with the exception of goods);

(2) more than 800-seat theatre, cinemas, clubs and more than 1200-seat auditorium, Sports Centre;

(3) volume exceeding 5000m3 stations, terminals, the airport buildings and galleries, shops, ward building, clinic building, libraries, stacks, etc.;

(4) more than seven storeyed, over six floors of the tower houses, residential, underlying tonglangshi with modular residential commercial network;

(5) more than five levels or volume exceeding 10000m3 teaching building and other civil construction;

(6) national cultural relic protection units focus-timber or wood structure of ancient architecture.

29, indoor hydrant should conform to what requested?

(1) equipped with fire water in the building, its various layers (no fuel except the device layer) should set the fire hydrant;

(2) the arrangement of indoor hydrant, should ensure that there are two pistol at the arrival of the full water column indoor any part. Building height less than or equal to the time and volume 24m is less than or equal to the Treasury, 5000m3 may use the full water column 1 pistol reach indoor any part. Nozzles full water column length should be determined by the calculation, generally should not be less than 7m, but a, b building, more than six layers of civil architecture, more than four layers of the plant and warehouse, should not be less than 10m; senior industrial building, elevated coffers, nozzles full water column should not be less than 13m water column;

(3) at the indoor hydrant for fire protection design shall not extend beyond the hydrostatic pressure of the water column, such as more than 80m 80m fire hydrants, water-supply system should be used in the partition. Fire hydrant for fire protection Design Department of the water outlet pressure exceeds 50m should have the decompression facilities;

(4) the elevator should be set fire hydrant;

(5) fire hydrant should be set in clear easy-to-access location. For fire protection design height above the ground, the water flow direction 1.1m to express its appreciation to the following or the walls and set fire hydrant into a 90 degree angle.

(6) the cold storage of indoor hydrant should be set at room temperature the voices or stairway;

(7) the spacing of the hydrant should be determined by the calculation. Senior industrial building, elevated to the Treasury, a, b building, fire hydrant spacing should not exceed 30m; other single-layer and multi-layer building indoor hydrant spacing should not exceed 50m. The same building you should adopt the uniform specifications for fire hydrants, water gun and hose. Each root water belt length should not exceed 25m;

(8) equipped with indoor hydrant architecture, such as for flat roof should be set on the flat roof testing and inspection of fire hydrants;

(9), senior industrial buildings and tanks cannot meet the most negative point fire hydrant water pressure requirements of other buildings, each hydrant Department set up a direct button to start the fire pump and should have protection facilities.

30, buildings》 what building in set fire water tank, set any requests?

To set up a temporary high pressure water supply system of the building, should fire water tank or air pressure tank and water tower, and should meet the following requirements:

(1) shall be in the highest parts of buildings set gravity self-leveling fire water tank;

(2) Interior fire water tank (including air pressure tank and water tower, area water supply system of partition water tanks), should be stored 10min fire water. When indoor fire water consumption not exceeding 25L/s, the calculation of fire water tank storage capacity exceeds 12m3, can still be used indoor fire 12m3; when more than 25L/s of water consumption, water storage tanks by calculating more than 18m3 fire, still use 18m3;

(3) fire-fighting water and other water tanks, should be combined fire water does not make use of the technical facilities;

(4) after the fire the fire pump supply of water for fire fighting, fire water tank should not be entered.

31, what kind of song and dance entertainment installstion should be set for automatic sprinkler system?

(1) set in the ground, half-underground;

(2) set in the building's first floor, second floor and third floor, and a building area of more than 300m2;

(3) set in the building of the ground and including four layers above.

32. what parts should be performed on the device?

(1) more than 1500-seat theatre and more than 2000-seat Hall, Auditorium, stage, and the stage is connected to the side of the bed, the background of the window and door openings;

(2) should be located behind a firewall and other fire compartmentation and cannot be set by opening area;

(3) fire shutter or fireproof curtain of upper.

33, fire pump room design requirements?

Buildings》 provisions: the fire pump room should be fire-resistant grade I and II buildings, set up in the building of the fire pump room, the fire resistance is not lower than 1h non-combustion of wall and floor and separated from other parts of the body. The doctrine stipulates: independent sets of fire control pump room, the fire resistance rating should not be less than the second. In high-rise buildings in fire pump room, you should use the fire resistance is not lower than the partition and 2.00h 1.5h's floor and separated from other parts of the body, and shall set a fire door. Located in the first floor, express their export to outside. When located in the basement or other floors, its export export should be through security.

34, under what conditionsMoreover, ventilation, air conditioning system, ventilation pipes, fire valves shall be located?

(1) send and return air duct passes through the wall and floor computer lab;

(2) through the valuable equipment or fire risk large room partition wall and floor Department rushed, return air ducts;

(3), multi-tiered architecture and high-level industrial building of each layer, return air horizontal wind pipe and vertical duct of the junction of the horizontal pipelines.

35, fire separation of contingency measures when there is not enough?

Fire separation of the ground, for various reasons could not meet the requirements of national standards, the according to the specific situation to take appropriate measures:

(1) a change in the nature of the production or use, minimise the risk of fire in buildings; changing housing structure of fire performance, improve the building's fire resistance rating.

(2) adjust the production plant of part of the process flow and warehouse storage of goods; adjust some widget fire performance and combustion performance.

(3) ordinary wall buildings, into the firewall.

(4) removal of part of the fire resistance rating of low, the area small, the applicability is not strong and new building adjacent to the original old buildings.

(5) set up an independent outside the firewall, etc.