【 Weak current College 】 firemen in building collapse safety-in-Power By 【 China power house network 】

Collapse is our fire forces disposition more rescue mission, in the last few years has occurred in Minhou County, Fuzhou City "8.26 explosion, Xiamen" 8.9 "building collapse, Harbin and Century Plaza" underground "8.16 collapse, Shijiazhuang, Hebei xinji city Guo West fireworks factory explosion" 7.28. These accidents are building collapse in the construction process, has the impact of the explosion. Disposal of complex and difficult, coupled with the lack of special protective equipment for fire, firefighter safety consciousness itself is not strong and measures are not in place or misdirected, Commander of the troops in fire fighting and rescue, prone to firefighter casualties to the troops, families and individuals have created losses. So, how do fire forces to ensure their own safety, firefighters have to successfully disposed of disaster, it is necessary to combine actual existing equipment, and to quickly save lives, reduce injuries, is placed in front of the current commanders at all levels could not be avoided in significant problems.

1. the characteristics of the building collapse

(A) emergency. Built structure, the cause of the collapse, or the more complex is the sabotage, such as the explosion in Shijiazhuang, or natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, etc.; or is there design defects, etc. In addition there are some individual natural premonitory, most of the collapse are unforeseeable, instant, that are working and living people can make effective response and resist, and was buried in the ruins of brick and tile cement.
(Ii) destructive. It is precisely because of the building collapse has a sudden, a large number of persons and property does not have time to make prevention and transfer were buried, personnel are fatal injury, suffered serious losses of property. Its destructive force of post-disaster recovery duration, are far better than other disasters.

(Iii) aid difficult. After the accident, the field order in chaos, on the one hand, the families of the victims and survivors urgently searching for loved ones, on the one hand, disaster relief team has arrived, the cross, and in the scene there is a risk of electric shock, gas explosion, toxic gas leak, and fire hazards. Rescue the expanded environment. Disaster relief personnel to collapse site of nothing, inside the rescue without clear objective conditions, blindness is relatively large.

Second, the fire brigade in collapse and rescue in security breach

(A) fire forces duties is ambiguous, System unsound

From my perspective, the Act specifically provides that "except fire forces completed the stipulations of fire suppression, disaster or accident should participate in the rescue work. "Here, although on fire forces responsible for accident rescue tasks clearly stipulated, but in carrying out its mandate of specific responsibilities and status has not been clearly defined. But from my current disaster relief system is not difficult to find, in the event of a disaster, often public security, fire, health, transportation, military, and many other departments, joint operations, and for building collapse, in rescue fire department often is in a dominant position. But the duty was not clear, fire-fighting force in the execution of tasks required to coordinate with other departments, and sometimes required municipal leaders personally ordered. Individual fire forces leadership even afraid of responsibility rather than to the specific command, negative war. Most of all for buildings fire station collapse of rescue plans, these were causing relief scene command confusion, not only slow the rescue operations expand, seriously affecting the rescue work smoothly, but also very prone to firefighter casualties.

(Ii) lack of advanced rescue tools and protection tools

Due to our fire forces have been fighting for the major tasks, also equipped with equipment to fire extinguishing equipment.

In recent years, many cities have established fire special team, equipped with some special equipment, mainly for the chemical, nuclear and radiological incidents such as dealing with building collapse of professional equipment with little or no.

Special purpose equipment and technological level is not high. Collapse and rescue the original not fire forces of the "main", other departments participated in the rescue is similar to the "professional", we all have specific weaponry, on-site rescue workers, equipment also brought a lot, but actually spent on it. Finally, regular is bare hands to battle both costs and time, manpower, together with suitable for building collapse and rescue of shortages of protective equipment, so in this procedure, it is easy to cause bodily harm to the firemen.

(3) lack of relevant training

At present, many fire stations are combined with the actual establishment of a number of fire simulation training facilities, such as smoke and heat training room, chemical accident rescue training, traffic accident rescue training ground, water rescue training ground, etc., there are also some appropriate teaching and training software, but a dedicated building collapse and rescue training less, many fire fighters do not know what happened after the collapse of what should be done, our four fire research and teaching institutions in building collapse rescue theory is very shallow.

Building collapse, has its own features, so you must make the relevant training to have prepared battle demurral. First, the collapse of the building is a very hurried as structure, prone to collapse again, causing relief workers casualties. Secondly, in the field of building collapse will inevitably be accompanied by other secondary disasters occur, for example, leakage, fire and combustible gases or liquids for disclosure, etc. Finally, in order to search and rescue building debris trapped in, large mechanical hard to use, this requires the firemen human handling of construction debris, will inevitably result in long, difficult problems, if protection measures are not in place, the firemen's body is also easy to cause harm.

III. strengthening the building collapse in the basic measures of protection

(A) Government promptly start the linkage system, the Government leaders of scientific policy, professional command is building collapse and rescue work to victory. As 120 quick scene and guard the ambulance, the mobilization of the armed forces, major projects for emergency vehicles, search and rescue canine timely call。 Government authorization to conduct professional fire forces command to fire forces as major rescue forces rescue, etc. These scientific decision-making is the battle of urgent ordered expanded magic weapon. Set up the scene headquarters. To prevent a large number of followers on the ruins of the collapse was caused by the second injury of life, the effects of high-tech equipment and search and rescue dogs in the search. These aspects of the implementation of more elusive, fire forces must have municipal leaders initiated social relief linkage system to complete.

(2) accelerate the construction of vehicles and equipment. On building collapse and rescue work, also rely on millet with rifles and the human sea tactics is unable to win, we must accelerate the increase of vehicles, equipment and other equipment-building efforts, and further improve detection, detection, investigation and breaking, personal protective equipment, by the number of quality improvement of equipment, to evoke the officers and acquire new equipment, the use of new knowledge, new tactics for enhancing people's comprehensive quality improvement, to preserve their own, they can complete the rescue mission.

(3) in the existing conditions, the rational use of tactics, collapse and rescue equipment is the key to success.

A flexible application of tactics. 1, Commander under the timely adoption of the "scene of the accident to column-by-piece," the search, the site of tactics is divided into several regions, from the scene of the team, team leader to lead the Battle Squadron, group partitioning, internal implementation independent command of the troops; 2, pay attention to life psychological assistance. Emphasize the survivors of life rescue, highlighting treasure life principles, in the save process, take on trapped staff comfort, dialogue, bottled water, to prevent their pessimistic impatience and so unnecessary damage, and on the operation of metal cutting machine, large machine to avoid noise, spark wounding and bring trapped workers fear; 3, take turns into battle tactics, troops hit the protracted war preparations.

Large area of the housing collapse and rescue, and must have a protracted war preparations, to press fight battle, and soldiers fight and rest schedule, maintain the vitality of combat power.

Second, reasonable application equipment. 1, bold use of advanced equipment, further validating the reliability of the equipment. As life detector and search and rescue dogs in the search in irreplaceable role; 2, skilled operation rescue equipment, play their best features. Such as health, like detecting instrument, cutting, shearing spread claws, high-pressure air cushion, mining tools for rapid rescue trapped workers win time; 3, tap the "Earth and the ocean", increase the efficiency of rescue. Construction site of materials, tools, become the important supplementary equipment of rescue. For example, the use of the site the long steel shear ￠ 10mm following reinforced faster than domestic electric saw; a site for materials on-site production of wooden strut top rail, no less than professional stainless steel ejector PIN.

Search and rescue these persons in distress, a commander under field sizes, field order cannot determine location of trapped workers, determined to take a "column for the profession, the desk-to-movie search" tactics, expand search, use life detector and the public security police dogs to search positioning. During the discovery process, the importance to the enthusiasm of the relevant joint units, the use of armed police and public security, militia reserve personnel resources advantages, to the ruins of a cleaning surface; use of municipal engineering crane, forklift, excavator, crusher, and other large equipment on the accident scene to a larger, heavier cement blocks, cement pillar to break away, for rescue work smoothly creating favorable conditions. In addition, in the face of possible protracted war, troops take turns job tactics inside, save the officers and men of strength that allows emergency throughout the accident scene were always in the stem war remain strong fighting spirit.

(3) based on real life, science, military training is able to dispose of the collapse of the building and lay a good foundation. Increase research on the housing collapse and rescue training, and accumulation in simulation exercises and forms an effective tactic tactics, to burst of rescue has laid a solid foundation. For example, in the rescue process adopts: a pain-soothing. Please come and 120 medical personnel on the pressure of oxygen to the pain, fire officers and soldiers without interruption and dialogue, and to comfort the families and workers, the Elimination of their annoying noise pessimistic mood. Second, additional energy. Fire officers and men, taking into account the small spot space, glass bottle with normal saline into a small bottle of mineral water for oral infusion. The third is for rock excavation of concrete. Carefully will staff the head above the concrete-by digging, then steel shear cut rebar, let be buried head exposed; hydraulic ejector pins, for support Jack to column. The fourth is a hand with slag. It was pressure legs around waste little by little the rubble. Fifth, the truck away. Use engineering mining vehicle lifting function, the pressure in the trapped workers up cement beam slowly lifting up, while continuous top rail, Poles, with support from cement beam with falling injured and trapped.

(4) safety education to consistency. Rescue procedure means from the alarm out to battle. Command center from issuing instructions to the battle were restored and war, the war forces commanders and soldiers of the war were to carry out a full range of security education. If all the officers and men are at rest: or learning State, received instructions when you want to remind officers and sliders to seizing the hands to prevent scratching empty; slider before landing foot first touching the ground, preventing ankle to compromise, and soldiers to be reclassified, prevent overcrowding; car to secured door, driving on the way and the first not to hand out the window; often reminds drivers that driving safety, strictly control the speed, observe traffic rules; in the winter, night received instructions to remind officers and precautionary measures; action to combat specific tasks to the appropriate requirements; to pay particular attention to the building (construction) construction of status, unusual symptoms to make decisive decisions in a timely manner; withdrawn to retreat to conscientiously noses and equipment; return back in time to make up for the oil, water, electricity, gas, fire extinguishing agent, equipment, and other recovery preparedness.