【 Weak current college 】 building fire facilities design and construction of

Summary: highlights building fire facilities in the design and construction of automatic sprinkler systems, fire extinguishing systems and fire alarm systems and fire power distribution system routinely issues and analysis of its causes, propose appropriate measures to improve the quality of the project.
Keywords: sprinkler system; fire hydrant systems; fire-extinguishing systems; power distribution system; auto-alarm and control system
　　
As China's rapid economic development, there is increasing awareness of fire, automatic fire-fighting facilities in architectural design has been widely used, and in the prevention and fire suppression has played an important role. But building facilities in use and acceptance of some risk still exists in 1998, Jiangsu Province Public Security Bureau, fire station on the province have put to use in building fire facilities conducted a special check and found that the rate of fire-fighting facilities good 50%, Suzhou fire control detachment acceptance 1292 construction project, once passed inspection and acceptance of qualified building fire facilities less than 20%; the statistical data shows that the building fire facilities, problems are quite serious, to this end, the author of building fire facilities design and construction of countermeasures as follows:

1 building fire facilities of the major problems in the

1.1 automatic sprinkler system and fire hydrant system
(1) in the fire pump room, water pipe, the test is not set and the inspection of pressure gauges and the water valve, safety valve, while also not difficult for normal system maintenance. System water supply pipe network has no outlet valve and safety valve, pump starts up, it is easy to result in a fire-fighting system, causing elevated pressure transient burst, thus unable to fire service. As a large shopping centre, Nanjing in fire service detection, it happened in bursts. Fire service fire pumps in use due to a lack of normal start running maintenance, for a long time does not use cloggedby, could not be started.
(2) fire protection and life combined with water tank or water tanks, no guarantee that the fire with water is not used, fire-fighting water cannot be guaranteed. Such as fire and life combined with pools often find fire and life outlet is located in the same plane, which is located in the pond life pipe outlet have also does not prevent the smoke and fire water small pores; there are fire and domestic high water tank outlet in the same plane, or both top and bottom outlet pipe, fire interval is too small to use water cannot be guaranteed.
(3) automatic sprinkler system Terminal on the water, is not located in the Terminal. Some terminal water device directly located in the rear of the flow meter, when the Terminal on the water, the water flow indicator is also capable of action alert, but in the end device for pressure gauge indicates that the value does not reflect the true value at the end of the system, not to end the real water device.
(4) the fire water pipe used galvanized pipe, construction unit citation for welding, coating damage, corrosion resistance, corrosion, leaking pipelines easily.
(5) after installing fire pipeline, the pipeline is not flushing. In conducting indoor hydrant water spray test, repeated indoor hydrant, water gun outlet is the legacy of cement mortar for construction and other sundries.
(6) not complying with the requirements of design. Spray system for pipe diameter and number of nozzles is installed in accordance with the provisions of the fire protection design specification and design, construction units in order to reduce the cost free to reduce the water supply pipe diameter, resulting in a water supply is insufficient, the density of water sprinkler is not up to requirements.

1.2 gas extinguishing system of the main problems
(1) a combination of the gas fire extinguishing system, the system select the valve and the reserve is not a one-to-one correspondence between form, resulting in a protection zone with fire, gas is released into a fire protection district, and is released to other no fire protection district. As in Xuzhou fire extinguishing systems, there have been 3 reserve detector alarm, the result is not released into the air, reserve 3, and released to the adjacent no fires 4 reserve.
(2) gas extinguishing system of protected areas, releasing gas extinguishing fires is the correct procedure — detector alarm — delay — release the gas pressure signals for action — — reserve deflated LEDs light up. But there are some gas extinguishing system reserve release is fire-extinguishing procedures — detector alarm — reserve deflated led is lit. This action program on gas lamp indicates already releasing gas fire extinguishing, actually really release gas fire could not be determined.
(3) the protection area of the window, ventilation mouth no linked device, that is, when you release the gas fire protection area of the window, ventilation port cannot be automatically turned off, causing fire loss, thereby reducing the protection area of the fire effect.
(4) gas extinguishing system sprinkler installation errors. For gas combination fire extinguishing system, according to the reserve from the bottle station distance, nozzle diameter varies, but the construction process in the different protection area, thus affecting the nozzle wrongly tagged fire effect.

1.3 auto-alarm and control system
(1) the high rate of false positives of alarm system;
(2) alarm point and display inconsistencies;
(3) control linkage system error;

1.4 fire problems of distribution systems
(1) the master, power does not automatically switch, power switch manual toggle. When all the way after power failure, the other one can't auto-switch power supply, delay system startup time.
(2) a building is designed by level loads, two ways power supply, and requested two way power supply independent of each other, but two way power supply is often not independence, in fact all the power supply; a standby power supply, a power generator, generator capacity is small, cannot meet the load requirements.
(3) wiring installation does not meet the requirements, fire power distribution lines using open bridge paved with breach protection with plastic Groove, and some use not fire protection processing of metal pipes.

2 building fire facilities quality management solutions
(1) fire-fighting facilities design unit should establish mechanisms from the Tribunal, the designer must be strictly in accordance with the relevant technical specification design, drawing, press out the Qi from audit mechanism requirements, professional QC; on major projects, request high engineering, design units should convene including construction, supervision and related technicians attend technology gives the low-down, and requires the construction and supervision unit familiar with drawings, clear design intent, done by drawings, supervision according to the drawing.

(2) fire agencies to strengthen and explore new supervisory mechanism. In my view, one is to mix together with foot building design fire Auditors, set up on a large project, focused on engineering, professional audit and the technique of total review system, complex engineering design to organize experts solve by triage triage, design problems, review the fire facility design can achieve national fire design specifications, and construction engineering objective environmental conditions; second, in response to the current building projects, the public security fire agencies engaged in building fire safety audit of professional personnel, and other features are not homogeneous, recommends the establishment of the fire facility design Audit Agency, fire-fighting facility drawings is responsible for auditing, public security institutions intermediaries carrying on business assessment and supervision of law enforcement, and give full play to the role of intermediary forces, improving the level of fire-fighting facility design; third, give full play to the building and the role of project management team, to strengthen and standardize the fire facility construction link supervision. On fire supervision staff expertise and training and examination for fire laws and learning, certificates, and improve the level of supervision and fire-fighting facilities. Strengthen the supervision of construction quality, achieve the timely detection of problems and resolve issues, and proactively manage any issues, in particular, a more subtle works to achieve timely supervision.

(3) construction team. First, it is necessary to strengthen management and education, are familiar with the national laws and regulations and appropriate fire construction and acceptance, consciously compliance law; second, it is necessary to strengthen the quality awareness, strictly according to the map construction, cannot experience, much less shoddy work; Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the professional knowledge to learn, so each construction personnel can read and understand blueprints, well understand the intent and purpose of the designers, do so in a timely manner found correct design problems; fourth, it is necessary to eliminate the fire engineering multi-subcontracting phenomenon, nor can the fire engineer to no construction qualification of construction units.

(4) the establishment of a fire detection system project is completed. On completion of fire engineering for acceptance before go-live, to implement the first inspection acceptance of principles after. On the one hand, by testing for the fire engineering acceptance provided technical basis, on the other hand by detecting the timely detection and rectification fire facilities exist, the good quality of building fire facilities, building equipment problems and proactively.

In short, through design, fire, construction, supervision, inspection and other departments in unison, the quality of building fire facilities, can only be guaranteed in fire prevention and extinguishing the role that the State and the people of life and property safety can be guaranteed.