【 Weak current College 】 impact building fire attack of factors within its solution---Power By 【 China power house network 】

With the rapid development of the social economy, modern fire more anxious, difficult, dangerous, weight characteristics. Smoke, heat, noise, corrosive, radioactive and toxic substances exist many officers and men of the fire extinguishing fire. For building fire, do effective protective cases, in-depth internal attack has become firefighters quickly and successfully the important means to dispose of the disaster. National famous fire expert Wu and staff said: "in the development of modern fire, fire, smoke, high-temperature has stop fire fighters attacking pace." The author of the idea on the in-depth case of attack in the fire for some brief analysis.
　　
1. smoke barriers
　　
Smog is a material in the burning diffusion in the air can be seen cloud-shaped combustion products known as smog. Its ingredients are usually subject to water vapour, carbon dioxide, also contains carbon monoxide, and toxic gas, chlorine gas (chemical substances in combustion smoke other things) their risks are:
　　
1. caused poisoning, asphyxia. Modern architecture and decoration is intensive use of new building materials, polymer composites, etc, when burning these substances produce a lot of toxic gas Eastern irritating, can stimulate, paralysis, asphyxia, would seriously threaten the safety of the personnel at the scene. Typically, fire deaths, more than 70 percent died of smoke and toxic gases. For air respirators as firemen and personal protective equipment, is also based on this information.
　　
2, high temperature smoke causes personnel were injured. The products of combustion smoke, including water vapour, contains a lot of heat, people in this high-temperature and humid environment, it is easy to be burned.
　　
3, smoke effect. Building fires, often cause damage to electrical wiring or human power, reducing the visibility of the fire. Combustion fumes containing opaque or transparent material flue ion, with shading ability, so that was trapped in the dark, who lost his vision, fire-fighting, evacuation difficult and unfavourable.
　　
4. become the fire development and spread of factors. The products of incomplete combustion and air mixture of carbon monoxide, unable to continue burning and explosion; smog in the air convection, 3 to 4 m/s speed along the staircase, the spread of shaft up to a hundred meters of high-rise buildings, in 25 to 33 seconds, fire smoke can spread to the roof from the ground, the speed of spread. In addition the smoke has a high thermal, heat radiation due to convection or fire point caused by a new, even cause fire ignition of fuel on the fall quickly.
　　
Smoke is the fire of the inevitable outcome, but firefighters in fully prepared under: air respirator anti-virus, intense lighting, use of thermal imager point positioning fire and smoke (fire water flooding exhaust cooling), water gun attack, and so on Echelon cover the necessary work, smoke harm posed by has become fire suppression work of secondary factors, not enough to stop the modern fire fighters attack fire firm steps.
　　
2. fire resistance of building elements of judgment
　　
Whether in the attack, depends on the Commander to fire scene of correct judgement. But the Commander correct judgment directly from the scene of the observation and analysis. Combustion characteristics of substances, fire hazard, the social face of genomes, burning building situation, and so on a series of factors will have a direct impact on whether to issue in-depth in Commander attack command. While building a fire after its structure changes in the situation became Commander decision whether the first condition in the attack. Judgment of building elements in the scene there is no change in the means are:
　　
1. temperature. The temperature of the fire from the burning material loading, combustion mode, air circulation and the surrounding circumstances. Temperature is whether the effects of building elements of the oxygen content of the main factors of. 50% more combustible combustion, issued not dimmed light (light-dark or is light blue and light the flame); 50% of the oxygen content in the following, sent out light (light or yellow light) of the flame; carbon content in more than 60% of the issued digital light, with a lot of smoke from a fire. Flame color for the fire temperature judgment provides a direct basis.
　　
2, carrying capacity. According to the situation at the scene of combustion temperature in inferring the scene to determine the structures carrying capacity. The capacity building component is deciding whether or not the key factor in the attack. reinforced concrete has good strength and fire resistance, is the most widely used in the construction of load-bearing structure of the material. Reinforced concrete structure over heating temperature 300 ° C, the composition of reinforced concrete structure of cement, aggregates syneresis is affected by thermal expansion, expansion and contraction of inconsistency, the concrete results of great stress, not only the destruction of cement, aggregates, reinforcement of the bond between, but the package in aggregate with reinforced cement around so that broke lose support frame structure.
　　
3. time. Fire severity depends on the fire of the highest temperature and duration of the fire. According to the relevant information is displayed: the 95% of the duration of the fire are in 2 hours, 1-hour fight fires accounted for about 80%, in 1.5 hours fight fires accounted for about 90%. Serious fire. Fire burning in the longer on threats and structures. Proportional to each other.
　　
Third, the scene of the psychological obstacles in attack
　　
1. poor visibility caused mental panic. People can't see around the object, the feeling of acumen, also means things lost correct judgment, mental tension, fears rise that cannot fully control their own thinking, mood, resulting in incorrect behavior. Reduce the efficiency of fire-fighting and rescue, or even life-threatening.
　　
2. high temperature alarm caused mental. Building a fire, the fire temperature has risen dramatically, local temperature up to several hundred degrees. According to the relevantData display, building fire occurs, in the case of combustion smoke gas first took a lot of calories total combustion heat of more than hundred-thirty, temperature up to 300-— 700 degrees. While people in 100 ° environment without any protection appears collapse phenomenon, losing the ability to escape. The attack in this case, the panic of psychological withdrawal directly down rapidly, and caused to complete firefighting and rescue tasks.
　　
3. fire complex situation caused mental panic. The fire will directly affect the inner psychological attack, typically, in fire some time after the attack. External combustion conditions, the internal environment of the unknown, the variability of fire development directly affect people's confidence in the attack, some perspective, for entering the fire danger, all kinds of unexpected sudden situation may happen in unfamiliar environments cannot form foreseen within the formation of mental panic attack. This also restricts the Commander of the order within the tapping commands. Once issued, external pressure ratio of attacks the pressure on the staff.
　　
4. other related factors causing mental panic. The body. Fire kills people tend to be burning, limb deformation, visually for combatants will form a direct impact, resulting in a psychological panic. Comrade casualties. The collapse of the building over Hengyang fires, fire officers and soldiers, 20 buried deep in the ruins, war and soldiers to great psychological pressure to complete the firefighting and rescue tasks to rescue trapped people, how solemn. Commander personal charisma. Fire-fighting operations is war, soldiers trustworthy commanders, courage to before, on the other hand, modern society's modern human actions is also understandable.
　　
The above factors will give psychological attack within the direct negative consequences. In fighting various fire and rescue work, psychological quality have a direct impact on the success of the work. The scene of psychological disorders will fire officers and soldiers of the inhibitory effects of mental processes, the destruction of the body organs of coordination, to confusion caused thinking on the skills, intelligence officers and soldiers of the develop severely affected, weakening, and even cause fire officers and soldiers hors. This issue is a long-term, cumulative work, non-transitory. The current leaders on this job very seriously, I believe that in the near future, the scene of mental training is to be used as fire fighters a focused training courses.
　　
IV. fire in tapping it should be noted that matters
　　
The fire fighting attack in depth has become a modern trend of building fire, attack of the effect depends on the depth of preparation before the detailed implementation of tapping. the correct should note the following aspects of the problem.
　　
1. take the firefighters in the attack should wear wearing of fire fighting equipment, fire call air ventilator and, where necessary, it should also be in the neck, surrounding a towel for time, explosion-proof lamps, waist line leak communications lifeline, two or more persons as a battle group.
　　
2. the scene commanders in the scene of the main entrance to the establishment of security checkpoints, assigned to each record within the attack personnel, and according to the procedure detailed checking of personal protective equipment. Storage of air ventilator, must meet the battle group enters the scene within 30 minutes of use.
　　
3 when extinguishing fire attack, must have two sets of water gun forces enter into mutual cover attack team. Ensure the safety of personnel in the attack. Gunmen take fire extinguishing water shield task, and collaborators with observation tasks. The main entrance to the availability of guarantee fire attack inside the vehicle, equipment, and at any time to enter the reinforcements, its power can be used as emergency response team maneuverable, but can also be used as the second attack on Echelon.
　　
4. close internal and external communication. Enhance the sound, light. You can use anti-frequency radio maintain close liaison and requirements within and outside the car horn length as a signal to keep in touch, in the entrance to place light to keep other internal and external contacts. In the scene of external personnel psychology and in-depth fire attack within the mental pressure is the same. There are times when external personnel psychological pressure better than internal attack.
　　
5. close the melee, mobility. In-depth fire personnel operations faster, use-related instruments, quickly identify the source of fire, concentrate, fight a fire. Prevent other accidents.
　　
Current fire equipment becomes more sophisticated, more prominent firefighter safety. As a firefighter no reason not to dispose of the disaster in the shortest possible time. For building fire, "near it, against it," this is the most effective way. But this way on the overall quality of firemen also put forward higher requirements. For now, the current levels on this link and to keep up, but the actual battlefield situation forever is not emulated, fire fighting, first through the daily business theory lessons to strengthen the theoretical knowledge, skills, physical training to strengthen the operational capacity and equipment for physical reserves; the second is through the usual scene of extensive experience; third, assiduously attend warfare assessment summary, not getting stuck in the form, do not stay on the surface, in unceasing progress in summary; fourth, absorb all merits and study examples of success of others and to enrich their combat experience. Fire forces only at the critical moment, draw, rushing on, beat the over-weight can leadership be assured, that the people at ease, not insults the party and the sacred mission entrusted by the State.