【 Weak current College 】 super high-rise building fire protection system design problems

Summary: Super high-rise building fire protection system design should strictly follow the high-level civil building design fire protection standard (hereinafter referred to as the "regulations"), combined with Tianli square fire design, emphasizing the design time according to the technical reliability, practical operability, comprehensive consideration of economic rationality, only the actual technical reliability, ease of operation, in order to ensure safety.
Keywords: Super high-rise building, fire protection design, project examples


I. project description Tianli Plaza is located in the construction of the Avenue, Hankou, Wuhan, Hankou road construction planning and construction of the Avenue, strictly, Avenue on both sides of the high-rises, Wuhan City financial Street. The region has the perfect urban infrastructure, reliable, quality water supply; sewerage facilities good, reliable urban fire assurance system. Tianli square by the height of A seat and 169.2 139.2 m b, two seat height exceeding 100M Tower, second floor, ground floor, there is a five-storey annex with a building area 93616m2, two-tier are equipped with underground car parks, underground 2 layer to the device layer. Podium for shopping, dining, entertainment and other multi-functional rooms, 6 floors above is my Office. The entire building is a multi-functional integrated architecture. The project of water supply by City tap water pipe network. The construction of this building, adjacent to the main road dry pipe through the city, the urban water pressure can reach the most unfavorable season, fles 0.15MPa use feedwater cast iron pipe, DN250 set DN150 meter.

Second, the fire system settings

(A) fire-fighting water consumption in the building height 169.20 m (A block), block a, block b, 43, 33, a high-rise building, architectural design fire protection according to a class implementation. Combining buildings》 and the doctrine of "7.3.5, according to a fire or fire water. 1, fire hydrant system outdoor: Q1 = 30L/S indoor: Q2 = 40L/S2, automatic sprinkler systems are the medium risk level: Q3 = 6L/mimx200m2/60x1.3 = 26L/S3, water curtain system in firewall is greater than the water Curtain Cave 3m2: q = water consumption by 0.5L/S.m, Q4 = 0.5x30 = 15L/S in accordance with the regulations of law, when the building is equipped with a number of fire-fighting equipment with water, its calculation of indoor fire water consumption, the General may also open the following types of fire fighting equipment to determine: 1), fire hydrant system with automatic sprinkling device. 2), fire hydrant system plus water fire protection equipment or foam fire extinguishing equipment. 3), fire hydrant system plus water fire protection equipment, foam extinguishing equipment. 4), fire hydrant system combined with the automatic sprinkler fire-fighting equipment, water or foam fire extinguishing device plant. 5). the fire hydrant system with automatic sprinkler equipment, water curtain of fire-fighting equipment, foam extinguishing equipment. Under this project characteristics, according to the above fire hydrant system combined with the automatic sprinkler fire-fighting equipment, water or foam fire extinguishing equipment equipment included; at times by a fire, the total amount of water for fire fighting 121L/S.

(2) the system set up

1. fire-fighting water supply system partition full floor with stable high-pressure fire water supply system, the regulator pressure tank and regulators pumps set to roof tank, fire-fighting water supply for fire protection design of static pressure by is not more than 0 .8mpa, combined with vertical water supply system is divided into two systems, the pressure over the fire hydrant 0.5MPa mouth located valve partition. Automatic sprinkler system with alarm valve quantity set partition, vertical is divided into six districts. See table.
Table 1 Summary of fire water system partition (A block) 58.30


Table 2 fire water system partition list (b) the system number



Table 3 spray water supply pipe pressure orifice plate list system number



2, fire hydrant system indoor hydrant by second while reach any point arrangement of indoor hydrant, full water column height per share is not less than 13 meters, each standard floor layout of the fire box 4, the elevator room set fire hydrant 1 set, each hydrant box equipped with DN65-port the fire hydrant, hoses, rubber lining 20m d19 DC water gun, hose plumber and small fire. Fire box with broken glass and manual alarm button, set the fire pipe system pressure monitoring system, using broken glass button + pressure monitoring of fire pumps, fire pumps started out of the set pressure relief. Each fire standpipe flow by no less than 15L/S meter. Roofing inspection of fire hydrants and set pressure detector.

3, automatic sprinkler system requirements in accordance with the regulations of law, all are set automatically spray system, set the wet alarm valve 13 groups, fire sprinkler nozzle with glass balls closed, action temperature except fire for 79OC above are 68OC each nozzle maximum protection in an area not exceeding 12.5m2, floors with water flow meter dry pipe set and control valve.

4, water curtain cave system in the firewall and fire shutter over the set temperature sensation shower valve and water sprinkler, water curtain system connected to the layer of fire water supply system, the tethered fire tied to pump water.

(3) fire-fighting water hydrant system water press fire duration 3 hours, an automatic sprinkler system by 1 hour. Not consider outdoor fire water, regardless of the outside pipe fire water supply. Fire water tank volume: V = 40l/sX3.6x3 + 26l/sx3.6x1 + 0.5l/s.mx30mx3.6x1 = 687.6m3 and domestic water sharing pool, the effective volume is 900m3, according to the basement, pool area 183m2, effective depth 4.9 m pool is divided into two cells, set the volume not passive fire protection guaranteed by the measures.

(4) high water tank of high water tank fire water storage by 18m3 and setting assurance volume not passive fire protection measures. Water tank located pressure regulator device.

(5) fire pump house fire pump house set within the underground water pump (for 22 floor) and the 22 layers between devices (for 22 layers above). 1, fire hydrant system pumps (underground water pump room) choice selectionXBD20-120-fire pump stations, the three preparation with a. Qb = 72-100m3/hHb = 120mN = 45KW2, fire hydrant system pumps (22 layer device) use selection XBD30-80-type fire pump 2, a preparation with a. Qb = 120-150m3/hHb = 120mN = 45KW3, automatic sprinkler system pumps (underground water pump room) selection XBD20-120-fire pump 2, a preparation with a. Qb = 72-100m3/hHb = 120mN = 45KW4, automatic sprinkler system pumps (22 layer device) use XBD20-120TB-fire pump 2, a preparation with a. Qb = 72-100m3/hHb = 120mN = 45KW5, roof pressure regulator devices (roof pump room) design parameters: lower pressure: maximum pressure P1 = 0.1MPa: P2 = 0.3MPa30 seconds volume V = 0.6m3 selection XQB-30/0.6-fire-pressure water sharing equipment 2. (Each block a) (vi) the fire pump combined with outdoor setting SQ-150-aboveground fire pump combined with 7 groups. (7) first aid and fire-fighting equipment according to specifications in building floors layout of dry powder or foam fire extinguishers. (8) gas fire-extinguishing device in distribution Chamber, electrical control room, computer room, diesel generators and fuel boiler room set carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, electrical rooms, electrical control room, computer room fully submerged fire extinguishing systems, diesel generators and fuel boiler room with partial use of the system.

III. discussion of relevant issues

1. super high-rise building water vertical partition skyscraper feed water and most importantly resolve 1. fire fighting pipe pressure and fire hydrant water pump starts the doctrine stipulates: "temporary high pressure water supply system in each hydrant out should be set directly on the button to start the fire pump and should be provided with protection button facilities" to quickly start a fire pump over long distances (design by breaking a glassy button). When the fire broke out, smashed the broken glass button has not yet been used water gun fire extinguishing the fire pipe pressure surge that will produce serious pressure phenomena that have the potential to cause pipe burst, the fire hydrant system crashes, the consequences would be unthinkable. This design uses a broken glass button + pressure monitoring start pumps, pressure in the fire protection system settings and monitored devices and fire voltage facilities combined, when the system pressure drops to a set value, the pressure switch, the signal and broken glass button action, starting a fire pump. This design incorporates a new dedicated fire pumps, pump Q-H curve nearly horizontal lines, can be a good solution to the problem of small flow overpressure.

2. fire shutter curtain cooling system set processing under the doctrine of "requirements" section 5.4.4 fire shutter used in place of the firewall, its fire shutter should be consistent with the fire resistance of the firewall or at its sides set closed sprinkler system, its nozzle spacing should not be less than 2.00M. " Duration from fire and fire hydrant system, and automatic control mode are the same as for automatic sprinkler systems, add-in any system that does not meet the requirements, the reference provisions, "in order to ensure the reliability of its systems, must be in both sides of the fire curtain set automatic sprinkler system protection, and as a standalone system, fire duration 3h, …" shall be a separate independent systems-device to increase a water curtain fire service equipment, and the corresponding set of automatic control systems, and pool to add three hours of fire water, many weaknesses, to choose to meet fire resistance of double-track double-deck fire shutter or mezzanine fire shutter, ensure fire protection requirements, and save investment. This design was later revised.

3. refuge set fire hydrant super high-rise building every 15 layer shall be asylum layer, equipment for professional use also this layer, the layer between devices have no fuel, no doubt, you should set the fire hydrants and fire reel.

4. water supply tube and fire tube diameter coordination problems that the problem is not a technical problem, but we often encounter at design time. Water company press fles meter diameter charging and installation charges and meter-diameter base prices, fles to select by fire water, high water meter-diameter base prices charged and installation charges and will increase the economic burden to users, with no by-pass pipe in the water sector. Recommended that fire departments and water sector coordination, to expressly provide that the by-pass pipe with lead or other forms, by whom, and so on.

IV. concluding remarks high-rise fire protection system is complex and involves many of the aspects, design time according to the technical reliability, practical operability, comprehensive consideration of economic rationality, only the actual technical reliability, ease of operation, in order to ensure safety.