【 Weak current College 】 on fire control system design

With the construction industry, skyscraper mushroomed, tall buildings due to its own characteristics, fire hazard, in the event of fire, the fire spread rapidly, evacuation, rescue is difficult, extremely easy to cause casualties and property loss. In case of emergency, if you only rely on artificial fire firefighters, is clearly not enough timely and prompt. High-rise building fire alarm and fire control system is the early detection, notification and take effective measures to control and extinguish fires of effective means. How to make fire control system design science? which requires designers to design a better understanding and implementation of the specification, the following I will fire control system design issues, talk about the personal experience of design.
A drainage system, and designed with
1. start with a fire hydrant button direct fire pump. The tall buildings design fire protection standard (hereinafter referred to as the "regulations"), the first 7.4.6.7 GBJ0045 — 95 stipulates that temporary high pressure water supply system of each hydrant should be set directly on the button to start the fire pump. Some designers think, through manual alarm button to start the fire pump, so the design time with manual alarm button replaces the fire hydrant button. In fact, Manual alarm button and the role of both the fire hydrant buttons are different, the fire hydrant button's role is to directly initiate fire pumps, and return signals to fire Centre, and manual alarm button's role is to inform the fire Centre of fire. And the fire centre according to the actual situation of linkage related fire equipment. In the engineering design of fire hydrant button cannot directly use AC380V power AC220V or because the civil construction electrical design code (hereinafter referred to as the civil rules "), JGJ/T16-92 the 24.6.2.1 stipulates: the fire hydrant button control loop should adopt the following voltage safety, 50V in practical applications generally use DC24V and DC36V power. In addition, fire control room should be used manually button to start the fire pump directly, because the civil rules and the automatic fire alarm system design specifications "(hereinafter referred to as the" fire control ") stipulate GB50116 — 98: in fire control rooms should have" control fire pump start-up and shutdown "function, while at the same time, the fire regulation law also provided for when using the bus system via the module control fire pump, spray pumps should be a separate line for started directly.
2. automatic sprinkler systems and wet, the type of sprinkler system. Wet and dry sprinkler system as it works differently, and automatic fire alarm system with varies the fire regulation law article 6.3.3.3: fire control equipment for automatic sprinkler system should have the "display flow indicator, alarm valve, safety valve for operation" function, the current engineering design time generally use the bus system for automatic fire alarm system, automatic fire alarm system design should alert the bus through the signal module accepts a flow indicator, safety signal valve on signals and transmitted to the automatic alarm controller displays the status of their work. Design should pay attention to when the signal flow indicator and safety valves should be different in the signal module connection, because their role is different, the transmission signal cannot confuse; for wet spraying system for the fire control of 5.3.2 of the sprinkler system design code (GB50084 — 2001) 11.0.1 shall require: wet alarm valve pressure switch contact and fire control room manual button should be able to directly play pump delay. In the project design is no fire automatic control system, you should put the wet alarm valve pressure switch contact line direct to wet sprinkler systems spray pump control boxes and realization time-delay from pump and displays the signals.
3. and rain and fire suppression systems, fire extinguishing system with water. Rain and fire extinguishing systems for open system. Its working process: when the fire alarm system gives the alarm signal, control open rain alarm valve, by automatic fire alarm controller will automatically control signal transmission to the linkage of the console, in the linkage console automatically and manually start the pump. Open rain alarm valve has two control modes: ① by extinguishing system protection zones of smoke and heat detector "and" door, when both actions, opened and rain alarm valve and return action signals. ② by extinguishing system reserve any fire detectors and alarm, and confirm that the fire, the fire alarm controller issued a control signal to the input and output modules, open rain alarm valve, and returns the signal, usually after confirmation by the fire in order to open the rain alarm valve, therefore, from reliability, use the second control.
Second, and fire shutter with
Fire upon confirmation, you should close the relevant parts of fire shutter. Regulation under the fire code 6.3.8 stipulates: evacuation channel fire shutter, two drop, ① smoke detector actions after the shutter down to Earth (floor) surface 1.8 m. ② thermal detectors actions after the shutter down to the end; used for fireproofing fire shutter, fire detectors, shutter after the action should be a drop in the end. Evacuation channel fire curtain, both sides should set manual control button, and the detector of alarm signal and fire shutter closed signal should be transmitted to the fire control rooms.
In the actual engineering design, since some sites are only suitable for a detector installed, such as in the underground garage, garage, garage, parking plant design fire protection standard "9.0.7 GB50067 — 97 first explained in the notes section: as in poorly ventilated garage, subject to the influence of vehicle exhaust gas, the installation of smoke alarm devices often fails, therefore, in a garage in the installation of automatic warning devices, according to the garage ventilation conditions, in terms of better garage, use smoke alarm device, under normal use of the garage in temperature sensor alarm equipment, underground parking due to ventilation, so generally only use thermal detectors, at which time the fire curtain sides can only be set the same kind of detector" and "door, for use as fireproofing fire shutter that can signal control fire shutter, a decline in the end. For evacuation channel fire shutter that can signal control shutter to 1.8 metres, then fire shutter control box at the time ofRelay delay control shutter down the bottom.
Third, and air conditioning system, smoke control system by combining
When the fire upon confirmation, the automatic control system should be able to shut down through the module of the system air conditioners, fans, blowers, and close the layer control fire dampers, set the automatic fire alarm system, fire dampers in 70 ° C temperature control shutting down, can be directly linked to close the system's air conditioner or new fans, blowers.
The fire control "provisions 6.3.9: fire alarm, fire control devices should be able to stop the relevant parts of the air conditioning, close the electric fire dampers, and receive their feedback signal; start the parts of the smoke and exhaust fans, exhaust valve, etc., and receive their feedback signal. The author believes, fire alarm, turn off the associated regional air conditioning fan and rushed, exhaust fan, but the fire damper to take constant temperature protection device direct action to close the valve, and receive their feedback signal.
5.3.2 the fire regulation law stipulates: when smoke and smoke control equipment use bus coding module control, you should also set the fire control rooms directly control device manually, therefore, you should use multiple wire linkage smoke fan. So that the linkage Control Panel automatically and manually control smoke fan of start-up and shutdown, and displays its State.
In accordance with the doctrine of "GB50045 — 952001 year version 8.4.11 bar and the garage, garage, parking design fire protection standard" GB50067 — 978.2.7 stipulates that, within the set of high-rise building smoke's basement and garage in no direct way to exit fire partitions when set mechanical smoke extraction system, you should also set the ventilation system, and the air blower power should fire power requirements.
IV. fire-extinguishing systems with
Gas fire extinguishing system according to its structure can be divided into a network-and no network type. The fire control "section 6.3.4 gas fire extinguishing system with network provides as follows, linkage console should be able to display a system's manual, automatic work status; in alarm, injection stage, there should be a corresponding sound console, optical alarm signal and can manually cut sound signals, in delay phase, should automatically close fire doors, Windows, ventilation and air conditioning systems, stopping off for parts of fire dampers, and displays the gas fire extinguishing system protection zone alarm, spray on and fire doors (curtain), ventilation and air conditioning equipment State.
These features are available through the signal module access bus system, it should be noted that the gas fire extinguishing system startup needs detector combinations "and" door confirmation or artificial confirmation before launch, and the scene is set manually start and stop buttons to ensure that the system is reliable. The fire control "provisions only in fire Centre display system for operation, does not require fire Centre control gas fire extinguishing systems for start-up and shutdown.
For non-network-auto gas fire extinguishing installations, the specification is not for specific provisions, the author believes may refer to a network of systems for control and display.
V. cut off power to the non-fire
"The fire regulation stipulates:" 6.3.1.8 fire upon confirmation, you should be able to cut off the parts of the non-fire-power. " The civil rules "section also provides 24.6.5.1:" fire upon confirmation, should be able to fire control room or the manual removal of the related power range of non-fire-power. " Visible for non-fire power cut have more stringent requirements, all require confirmation in the fire, to cut off the parts of the non-fire power. In my view, according to the nature of the non-fire power, take off the way:
(A) non-fire lighting power supply
Fire upon confirmation, to immediately cut off lighting electricity, it is easy to result in people's mental panic, confusion, is not conducive to evacuation and fire-fighting personnel, organizations also need enough illumination, lighting power supply cut off should be very careful, should fire upon confirmation, according to the fire, the fire Centre manual removal of the related area of lighting power.
(Ii) air conditioning, fan, and other non-fire power
Class device power down normally does not arouse people's mental panic, and can reduce the load on the transformer, cut off power supply reliability of the system, so it is recommended that such a device in a fire after the confirmation, according to the criticality of the building, take the auto power off.
6. cooperation with elevator
The fire control "6.3.1.8 stipulates that fires after confirmation, you should be able to control all of the stops on the first elevator, and receive their feedback signal, the civil law section 24.6.5.2 Regulation also provided that the difference is called the civil rules to accept the feedback signal, elevator and requirements when all elevator stopped on the first floor after cutting off the power of non-fire service lift. The author believes is not suitable for non-fire service lift force them to stop on the first floor, which should be in the power it after the nearest flat layer and open the cabin, cabin personnel from the nearest evacuation staircases or safe export evacuation for the following reasons: the elevator shaft with chimney effect, if the lower fire, if you want to make passenger elevator down to the bottom, it must pass through the fire, this cabin personnel is not secure.