【 Weak current College 】 textile raw materials warehouse fire safety management-Power By 【 China power house network 】

1. textile raw materials warehouse fire risk
Textile raw materials warehouse is used for the stacking of vegetal, animal fiber and chemical fiber, textile raw materials. Storage of textile raw materials warehouse and heaps of fire often resulted in loss of focus. Therefore, to do this kind of warehouse fire safety work is extremely important.
　　
Textile raw materials warehouse fire risk:
　　
(A) textile raw materials with flammability, fire in case of a very prone to cause disaster
Textile raw materials warehouse general store on cotton, linen, silk, wool, chemical fiber, and other raw materials, such materials shall have flammability. Cotton fiber, its main ingredient is cellulose, wax and oil, etc., its composition is combustible, it's so to 150 ° c, oxygen index 20.1 per cent. As a small fluffy cotton fibre, the area in contact with air, encountered a small spark to ignite. Burning speed for wood 16-25 times; Ma easy burning, tingling mostly half-fiber State, its length is 500-1500 mm, if the end catch fire, it can burn to
　　
On the other side, spread faster than cotton. Ma fire 150 ℃; the combustion properties of man-made fibres and cotton, easy to combustion, such as viscose fibers of spontaneous combustion point is 420 ° c, oxygen index; 19.7 percent for common characteristics of synthetic combustion is the first fusion, after burning, and cotton, linen, lower combustion temperature is not easy. Including polyester, nylon, chlorine LUN when you leave the ignition temperature of the flame-off, acrylic, polypropylene, vinylon, lit can continue burning. But in the case of synthetic high temperature combustion are very strong, as a result of textile in acrylic is no obvious melting point, the 190-240 ° c softening, 280-300 ℃ decomposition; decomposition although not fusion before, but it will generate the burning droplets, thus burning and spread very quickly. At the same time, the combustion products of high toxicity acrylic matter content, the risk of poisoning. In addition, polyester, acrylic, chlorine LUN, in atmospheric pressure of 1013 quality than resistance in Europe · g/cm2 or more, so it is easy to produce several thousand volts electrostatic pressure and static spark. Silk and wool though not easy, but once the ignition, burning.
　　
Because warehouse storage and stacking goods with flammability, and in the event of a fire, such as: do not go off of cigarette butts, electrostatic spark extremely inflammable, such as disaster.
　　
(B) textile raw materials of the phenomenon of spontaneous and smoldering fires caused
Cotton, linen, etc. are the characteristics of spontaneous and smoldering. Cotton in the picking process has a lot of microbial contamination, moisture, microbial growth and reproduction is extremely easy, and cotton cellulose containing fat, wax and pectin, for production of microorganisms multiply provides nourishment. When cotton water content is large, the rapid growth of microorganisms on breeding, fermentation, and produces heat when the heat, temperature rise, cotton fiber began to break down to oxidation, thermal continue to increase until the self-ignition point (point of spontaneous combustion in cotton is 407 ° c, causing spontaneous combustion.
　　
Anesthesia of spontaneous combustion incident to a maximum of jute, because the water content of jute is greater than 9 per cent, when air relative humidity of 75-85%, flax is expansive and heat release. Expansive jute also changes for biological and chemical changes to create good conditions, the hydrolysis of cellulose and pectin substances which produce large quantities of sugar, they are microbial nutrients, microbial fermentation, blooms, produces large amounts of heat, the temperature is rising up to cause spontaneous combustion.
　　
Bales in the transport and storage, such as mixed with fire, as a result of insufficient oxygen supply, burning in the context of local or small smoldering, slow can persist for several days or even several days without being discovered, but smoldering in the event of air convection condition, smoldering cotton soon turned to fully extinguish the fire, causing difficulties. Hemp fiber and cotton fiber, has the characteristics of smoldering.
　　
As a result of textile raw materials warehouse storage of raw materials have characteristic of spontaneous and smoldering and, therefore, in the absence of a fire, it can occur, causing a fire.
　　
(C) cotton, rough dust explosion and fire hazards
Cotton, linen dust explosive. Cotton, linen dust and air will form the explosive mixtures, which will produce severe yuhuoyuan explosion fire.
　　
Cotton fiber meets flame, in conditions of insufficient oxygen, hemp fiber combustion produces carbon monoxide, suddenly encountered convection air, forming an explosive mixture with air, an explosion; fire.
　　
(Iv) life, fire accidentally for production
Reservoir area layout is not reasonable, or spacing does not meet fire safety requirements, production, domestic fire accidentally, Mars landed reservoir, ignite materials causing a fire.
　　
(5) the safety of electrical equipment not
Electrical wiring inappropriate or out of repair, so that insulation ageing, damage, caused a short circuit, spark; or lighting Grill with combustible fire.
　　
(Vi) mismanagement
Management staff or independent personnel smoking or casual use of open fire; transportation, loading and unloading vehicles of raw materials, machinery and equipment fire safety precautions are not taken; external fire zone library, will leave a fire hazard.
　　
(VII) lightning measures inappropriate
　　
Raw materials library or open yard without collision zone device, or it does not meet the requirements of fire struck by lightning.
　　
Second, textile raw materials warehouse fire safety

(A) textile raw materials warehouse construction, layout and stacking of fire protection requirements
1. should avoid the bustling downtown area of warehouse, built near the urban edge and have the water source the place, in the area of perennial dominant wind direction in the direction of the wind or lateral and built fences or take other protection measures.
　　
2. the requirements of the fire separation. Raw materials warehousing warehouse, Yard and outdoor substations, buildings as well as a, b, c liquid storage tank fire separation should be country specific requirements of the relevant specification. Raw material warehouse and heaps of combustible building venue shall be built, the Treasury will not be able to set the Office restroom, custodians. Treasury of refractory grade, layers and the area shall be consistent with national requirements.
　　
3. Treasury stocks of raw materials should have certain limits. Stacking between channels, the width of the main channel at least 2 metres, a small channel at least keep 1.5 metres to facilitate operations and ventilation. Crib and high margin room beam is not less than 1 m, distance from the top flat-topped the Treasury should not be less than 2 m.
　　
4. open, semi open yard total reserves of more than 5000 tons of raw materials, should be located in yard, yard fire separation between at least 30 meters. At the end of each stack size should be less than 100 square meters, the stack height is less than 6 metres, stacking group arrangement, each group of less than 6 stack, stack and stack the distance between greater than 6 m, group and group between dry 15 m. Stacking and exterior wall distance greater than 5 metres.
　　
5. stack base needed moisture-proof, textile raw materials of stacking, to pad a certain degree of joists for ventilation; outdoor stacking to mining "cross ventilation trapezoid stacking method", the stack top to heap into the roof of the form, and cover cloth, cover tightly to prevent rainwater and flying fire fall stack. Cover sheet, and so cannot be used in the wire and other metal binding, so as not to produce lightning currents.
　　
(Ii) the stringent power management
1. Treasury except electrical lighting lines, not laying other power lines. Introducing line must wear; the lamp should be placed in the aisle, distance stacking horizontal distance shall be not less than 0.5 m, shall be forbidden, fluorescent lamps, electric switch should be set in the library as well as a rain moisture-proof device protection.
　　
2. Treasury shall power lines and electrical appliances, heating equipment should not be installed. The library may use spot light lighting. Electricity power within the library should be in the library peripherals outlet, after the cut off the power immediately. Cords, outlets, Gates can't heap material below.
　　
3. the area of wire should be buried cables. Use overhead lines, from the outside through the Treasury, the line cannot be heaps of raw materials. Area for the transport of raw materials over the channel, and overhead line spacing should be 5 meters above the sea level.
　　
4. electrical circuits and equipment must not be overloaded to run.
　　
5. each week on the line device to check more than once a year for two more insulated shake. If you find the short circuit, aging, and other anomalies, immediately stop using, make troubleshooting.
　　
(Iii) strict control of fire
1. open fires is forbidden in the library and smoking. If required in the area of 90 meters to open flame should report it to the job, the leaders agreed to and hand care. After the end of the job should be thoroughly cleaned from fire.
　　
2. steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, cars, tractors, etc should wear fire hood, steam locomotive in the Qing dynasty, platform, automobile exhaust pipe should keep away from combustible, flame out immediately after stopping. In the area of work within the car battery, forklift, crane, and so on, you must have to prevent fire or play sparks safety devices.
　　
3 £ ® for strapping raw cotton and chemical fibre metal, iron wire cannot fieriness or beating, don't drag on the ground to prevent Mars.
　　
(Iv) to keep the area clean
To periodically clean the area on the ground, preventing scrap, the lower corner, and other fuel combustion. Has damaged material should be wrapped and placed in the stack, or powder packs together separate storage.
　　
(5) Note to monitor temperature and humidity of the raw material stacking
To strengthen the often Lady checking and monitoring. Cotton, linen, of textile material stacking principle should have fixed temperature monitor wet instruments, regular monitoring. If it is discovered that the crib in temperature or humidity is too high, should be promptly taken to turn the buttress, drying, ventilation and dehumidification.
　　
(Vi) take lightning didn't Shi
Raw material warehouse lightning equipment should be set up, open yard need independent lightning, lightning stroke prevention.
　　
(VII) improving fire protection facilities
1. reservoir area should have the ring of fire channel, and that the fire engine can quickly reach each stacking, implementing effective fire suppression.
　　
2. the area of fire in sufficient water. Yard of reserves to 1 million cubic meters and above shall be guaranteed at least 45 litres/SEC (6 hour) fire, and fire-fighting water consumption of protection RADIUS is less than 150 meters.