【 Weak current College 】 General plane fire design

The first section of tall buildings General plane fire design
　
1. the siting of tall buildings
1, should be subject to the effective protection of the urban fire station
2, is not suitable for placement in flammable, explosive, near structures
3, and the surrounding structures, structures maintain adequate fire separation
4. should a fire truck road and fire water
Fire station layout principles:
The structure according to the urban architecture in China, the fire performances and city roads and communications facilities, such as the fire time 15 minutes, generally allocated to:
(1) from the fire to the discovery is estimated to be $ 4min;
(2) the alarm time for 2.5min;
(3) alarm and dispatched to 1min;
(4) fire truck on the way travel time as 4min;
(5) arrived at the scene of the water fight for 3.5min.
So the city fire station should arrive 5 minutes fire engine to determine the responsibility area edge, a fire station responsibility area of protection
Area 4 ~ 7 km. (30 ~ 36 km/h)
Second, the main building and annex
The bottom edge of the high-rise building at least one long side or the length of around 1/4 and not less than one long side length, should not be greater than the layout height, depth greater than 5m 4m's podium, and in this context must be provided through outdoor staircase or through export of stairs.
III. high-rise construction accessories
1, fuel, gas boiler house, may fuel oil-immersed transformers, capacitors and many oil-pressure switch rooms suitable settings in high-rise building of private rooms. In addition to LPG as fuel for boilers, when such equipment must be subject to conditions laid out in high-rise buildings or podium, its total evaporation of the boiler should not exceed 6t/h, and a single boiler and evaporation volume should not exceed 2t/h; oil-immersed power transformer should not exceed capacity, single size 1260KVA should not exceed 630KVA and should satisfy the following requirements:
(1) should not be arranged in the personnel-intensive sites on a layer, the next layer or stick-o-and-fire resistance of door and window openings is not lower than the partition and 2.00h 1.50h of floor space with other parts of the body. When you must open the door, you should set a fire door.
(2), boiler room, the transformer room, first floor should be laid out in the basement or rely on external sites, and should be set directly outward security exports. On top of the wall opening area, you should set a width of not less than 1.00m not fire burning body roof eaves.
(3) the following shall be provided with transformers save all the oil transformer capacity of accident oil facilities; transformers, many oil switch rooms, high-voltage capacitor room should be set to prevent oil dispersed facilities.
(4) should set the automatic fire alarm systems and automatic fire extinguishing system.
2. fire control room yishe in high-rise building of the first floor or basement, and should be not less than the fire resistance of partition wall and 2.00h 1.50h's floor and separated from other parts of the body, and should be located through outdoor security exports.
Where fire control rooms?
Equipped with automatic fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing or automatic alarm and mechanical smoke, smoke extraction facilities construction, fire control rooms.
Function:
(1) issued by fire alarm, fire signal and evacuation instructions;
(2) control of fire pumps, fixed fire-extinguishing installation, ventilation and air conditioning systems and electric fire doors, fire shutter, smoke control facilities;
(3) displays the power supply, the operation of the fire service lift.
3, high-rise buildings in the audience Hall, conference rooms, function rooms, personnel are crowded places, should be set at the first floor or the second and third level, you must set the other floors, yet should meet certain requirements. (400m2; two security export; auto-alarm and extinguishing systems, fire-retardant fabrics)
4, high-rise buildings in dance installstion, should be set at the first floor or the second and third level, and should be not less than the fire resistance of partition wall and 2.00h 1.00h's floor and separated from other places, the door when the wall must not be set lower than class b fire doors. (Should not be located in the ground second and second tier; 200m2; two security export; auto-alarm and extinguishing system; facilities; light-emitting smoke evacuation signage)
5, nurseries, kindergartens, Office, children's play activities should not be set in high-rise building, when you must set in high-rise building, should be set in the building's first floor or the second and third level, and to set up separate entrances.
6, high-rise buildings in use when the combustible gas as fuel pipeline gas should be used. The use of combustible gas in the rooms or areas should rely on external settings.
7. when the high-rise building using bottled liquefied petroleum gas as fuel, located centrally between the bottled liquefied petroleum gas, and shall meet the following requirements:
(1) liquefied petroleum gas total reserves do not exceed 1.00m3 bottled liquefied petroleum gas, can be used with podium with adjacent construction.
(2) more than the total reserves, but not exceeding 1.00m3 3.00m3 bottled liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), should be independent of the construction of tall buildings and podium of the fire separation should not be less than 10m.
(3) of the total intake pipes, total gas pipelines should be equipped with emergency automatic shut-off valve.
(4) there should be a concentration of combustible gas alarm device.
(5) power plant explosion-proof design.
(6) other provisions.

The second section of the industrial design of architectural General plane fire
I. plant site selection (library)
1. ambient environment: not only guarantee its own security, but also to guarantee the safety of the adjacent enterprises and institutions.
2, topographical conditions
(1) dissemination of combustible gas, steam, dust workshop is not suitable for placement in the valleys of Wo wind zones, should be set in the hillside area better.
(2) a, b, c liquid library to choose the lower zone.
(3) explosive goods factory (library), to the mountain massif of concave area utilization as a barrier, reducing the impact on the surroundings.
> 3, dominant wind direction
With flammable, explosive hazard industrial enterprises, should be arranged in the adjacent businesses, residential area of dominant wind direction by wind or side wind.
4. fire road
5, fire water
6. workers of the enterprise power supply
Second, the factory (library) district general layout
1. meet the requirements of the production process
2. divide the fire zone
(1) within the same fire section should not be upon the effect that the two layout can cause a fire or increase fire danger in production or storage.
(2) use different extinguishing agent factory and warehouse, cannot lay in the same fire within a segment.
(3) traffic from the biggest workshop should be arranged in the factory, workers on both sides of the main arteries of workshops or living facilities, close to the main direction of flow, prevent the flow of people and goods crossing.
(4) the fire risk or use open flames job production placed under the direction of the wind in the factory or side wind.
(5) Note the adjacent enterprise security.
3. takes note of the building facing and sensitive to the
4. set the fire separation

Section III fire road
Fire truck road is for the passage of fire sprinklers.
First, set the condition of the fire road
1, factory, warehouse fire road should be established;
2, flammable and combustible materials open yard area, LPG tank farm, a, b, c liquid tank farm, combustible gas tank farm, should have a fire truck road or traffic for fire engines and a width of not less than the flat-ground 6m;
3, high-bay warehouse fire road around yishe ring;
4, more than 3000-seat stadium, over 2000-seat halls and covers an area of more than 3000m2 of exhibition halls and other public buildings, fire yishe ring road;
5, tall buildings around the fire ring shall be provided;
Part 6, buildings along the street is more than the total length of more than 150m or 220m, shall be set up through the building's fire truck road;

7, high-rise buildings of the inner court or patio, when its short edge length exceeds 24m should have access to the inner courtyard or the courtyard; fire road
8. for the water intake of fire water tank for fire engines and natural water sources, should be set fire road.
Second, the size requirements
1, the width of the fire road should not be less than 3.5m (4m), over the road in case of tube racks, trestle and other obstructions, the clear height not less than 4m;
III. other requirements
1, city streets and roads, fire engines, their spacing should not be greater than 160m.
2. ring of fire road at least two places connected with the other lane.
3. fire truck road available traffic.
4, you should avoid fire road and the railway level crossing, like must intersection, the device is not suitable for Lane, spacing is less than a train.
5. fire truck road of trench and ditch should be able to withstand the pressure of large engines.
6. exterior fire road distance should be greater than 5m to prevent a collapse of building widget fire effect fire apparatus operations.
7, fire engines and between high buildings, should not prevent a fire apparatus operations set of trees, overhead pipeline, etc.