【 Weak current College 】 all kinds of lighting lamps of fire-Power By 【 China power house network 】

Electric lighting is to use the power of a light source. By emitting principle can be divided into radiation light source and gas emitting light. By using the properties can be divided into work lighting, decorative lighting and emergency lighting.
　　
With the development of science and technology and the people's living standards, various electrical lighting and decoration equipment in production, life in a wide range of applications. Due to its use of universality and diversity of the people in their daily lives with more fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps, high pressure mercury lamp, halogen lamps, lighting lamps of fire risk should have sufficient attention.
　　
First, the fire danger
　　
1. lighting or decorative lighting in the work, the glass bulbs, lamps and other surface temperature is very high. If improper selection luminaire, failure to produce an electric spark, electric arc or high temperature, are very likely caused by lighting a fire burning near the fuel, causing a fire.
　　
2. as a general lighting lamps installed in personnel in production, live venues, decorative lamps General installation in the personnel-intensive applications, except in the event of a fire caused tremendous damage to property, you can have a significant loss of life.
　　
3. incandescent lamps in the work, its surface will generate heat. And power, the greater the longer continuous use, the higher the temperature, its surface in contact with fuel, or close to the thermal side, accumulated thermal energy Cook-off combustibles. In addition, the incandescent light bulb-sexual difference easily broken and exposed to high temperature, high temperature of the filament lamp debris is also easy to cause a fire.
　　
4. fluorescent lamp for fire hazards mainly in ballast. If as a result of manufacturing quality, thermal conditions or rated power does not fit with the lamp, its internal temperature will rise sharply, long-term temperature would undermine the formation of insulation coil turn to turn short-circuit generates instant huge calories, ignite combustibles around.
　　
5. high pressure mercury lamp and sodium lamp power is large, usually in more than a few hundred watts, lighting, lamps and the surface temperature is very high. Temperature rise too high is both a major fire hazard lamps. Secondly, high pressure mercury lamp ballasts and HPS electronic triggers fire hazard exists. Fire hazards such as ballasts for fluorescent lamp ballasts described above, and the electronic trigger is possible due to factors such as the internal capacitor leakage current to produce heat and cause a fire.
　　
6. halogen lamps in a normal working condition, the quartz glass tube wall temperatures up to 500 ~ 800 ° c, not only in the short time Cook-off attachment of fuel may be a certain distance of Cook-off, which fuels the fire risk compared with other more general lighting.
　　
7. Special dance hall lights including peak nest lamp, scanning lamp, sunlamps, cosmic light, bidirectional UFO lamp and itself does not glow lamp. snowball Its characteristics are lamps for decoration and atmosphere are often rendered with driving lights rotating the motor used. When rotational resistance increase or drive is stuck, the motor will rapidly heating up, coupled with the stage and other places of props for curtain King in motor fuel, high temperatures easily under fire.
　　
8. the neon lights of the trigger voltage is 1 million volts and above, need special transformer step-up to obtain. If the transformer high voltage output side insulated terminals have dirt on the product, in wet weather may occur under fire, fire power leakage. At the same time power will rise high melting transformer asphalt sealing irrigation and accidents.
　　
9. electric lighting and decoration process, in addition to the various lighting and decorative lanterns, still needs a lot of switches, protective devices, wire and cable boxes, lampholders, light box, support, and other accessories, these facilities if improper because capacity options, such as long-term overload run insulation damage caused. Short circuit of the fire, and other failures will create fire.
　　
2. fire precautions
　　
1. a reasonable selection luminaire type. In the production of explosive mixtures or easy to produce an explosion of media venues, explosion-proof device should be used as a whole. Corrosive gas and particularly humid place, should be sealed or moisture-proof luminaire type, its part should also be treated with preservatives. In hot dusty places (such as steel, iron, heating, etc) may use spot light. Outdoor lighting lamps can be closed or opened fire bases of type lamps.
　　
2. should the correct installation of the lighting, decorative lighting.
　　
(1) lighting and fuel spacing of not less than 50 cm (halogen lamps to greater than 50 cm), and the ground level should not be less than 2 m, below this height should be loaded when prevention facilities. The bulb is not suitable for stacking of combustible items below.
　　
(2) lamps of the shield must be intact, is strictly prohibited the use of paper, cloth or other fuel blocking the light.
　　
(3) all combustible ceiling concealed, Ming loaded lamp power should not be too large, and should be based on the incandescent or fluorescent lamps; concealed lighting and heating attachment around should have good thermal conditions. The stage lights concealed, the dance floor foot lamp, combustible ceiling lamp wire should wear steel pipe or flame retardant plastic casing laying; halogen lamp lamps near the wire should be used in heat-insulated and sheathed; hoisting Lantern wire through the keel Department should have rubber ring protection.
　　
(4) selects the quality reliable, low-temperature ballast will heat up high ballast directly fixed to the flammable objects such as large plate, its capacity and capacity must be consistent with the lamp.
　　
(5) level 0, 10 explosive hazardous area (zones 0 level, refers to the explosive gas, 10 district is the explosive dust), selection of open-type lamps made of inlay wall niches, the access door to the wall opening, and ensure good ventilation; to one side of the indoor lighting should have double glass tightly closed. Its distance to doors, window frames horizontal distance of at least 3 meters away from the outlet horizontal distance not less than 5 m.
　　
3. all types of lighting power supply of the annex must meet the current and voltage requirements. Use in explosion hazardous areas of lightAnd parts thereof, should be consistent with the explosion hazardous areas People's Republic of China electrical safety requirements of the Statute.
　　
Switch should be in the line, Edison bases must be grounded in good facilities of metal casing should be ground. Light line shall not have the connector cable boxes, hanging in the ceiling should be insurance deduction. Weight of more than 1 kg of suspension lamp applications such as metal chain Sling it fixed, weight of more than 3 kg shall be fixed in the embedded hook, bolts or main joist.
　　
In places where combustible materials decoration laying cable, you should wear a metal casing, flame retardant plastic casing, corner should be fitted terminal box, casing for more than 30 metres long, intermediate should add la box ready for protection. An important place for installation in concealed lighting and install special large hoisting lamps should be made in full prior to installation of the same type "install templates", approved as correct and organizational professionals full installation.
　　
4. the reasonable control of electric lighting. Lighting current should have separate branch circuit instead of add-in after the power switch. The branch circuit is to set the short-circuit protection facilities. To avoid overload caused by accidents, some fever an important place and flammable and explosive articles focus must also be equipped with overload protection device. Non-explosion-proof lighting distribution boxes and control switches are prohibited in level 0, 10 explosive hazardous areas. Power strips minimize header after the disc surface should have a good grounding.
　　
5. strict lighting voltage and load. Lighting voltage 220 volts generally used, portable lighting supply voltage should not exceed 36 Volt, in humid areas job you should not exceed 12 volts, and the prohibition of the use of auto-transformer. 36 Volt and 220 volt below and above the power outlet should have clear difference and tags.
　　
A branch circuit in the number of lamps shall not exceed 20, civil lighting current should be less than 15, industry should be less than 20. By loading OK wire specifications (each outlet to 2 ~ 3 on load). Three-phase four-wire system lighting circuit also do work on three-phase load balancing configuration.
　　
6. at shopping malls, terminals, stations, airports, hospitals, theaters, control rooms and all kinds of large buildings and important workplace should generally be installed emergency lighting in case of an accident the normal power system unavailable to timely processing site, ambulance.
　　
Emergency lighting should be set in place of accident prone, building main entrances, important places such as the workplace, and subject to clear color markers for the time of the accident could easily enable in a timely manner. Emergency lighting luminaires cannot start slow type (such as ballasts for lamps, etc.). Accident lighting should have a separate emergency battery for normal power systems were damaged when they are not affected by normal use.