【 Weak current college 】 college dormitory fires in common causes and prevention

In recent years, starting together, College fire worshippers shocking casualty data, to our University dormitory fire safety has sounded the alarm. University dormitory students learn life's main site, do a students ' dormitory fire safety work for building safe and harmonious campus is very important-in real life, the student dormitory fire hazard of relatively large, fire rate is relatively high, the authors combine University dormitory fire work actually, in a common cause of fire and protection measures on some superficial view.

Campus dormitory fire common cause

University campus is staff gathering places is also a key unit of fire safety, responsible for the modernization of the country and fostering of talent and the task of conducting scientific research, in the event of fire, cause innocent students casualties or research information destroyed, this is not only a great loss of wealth in society, would seriously affect the teaching order and social stability and progress of science and technology. Therefore, to identify the cause of the fire of frequent in the development of appropriate fire-fighting measures to effectively combat the momentum of the University of frequent fires, for the majority of students and researchers to provide a good fire safety environment, not only are the universities and educational administrative departments of shared responsibility, the Fire Department to resolve important issues. Campus fire common causes include the following:

(A) of the Faculty and students ' awareness of fire safety regulations. University teaching, scientific research establishments, many faculty and students, and as a result of painstaking research on other matters concerned with the relatively small fire safety awareness often weak, fire legal concepts is not strong, and paralysis, lack of awareness and security knowledge, discipline, violations of the use of fire, electrical, and other fire safety regulations from time to time.

(Ii) the use of fire electricity does not pay attention to safety standards, fire-induced causes numerous. As chaos, chaos received wires and fuses, because a short circuit or bad fever and cause a fire; individual because electricity often overload always tripping, convenience to use copper wire or wire to replace the fuse, circuit overload failure cannot promptly Burns resulting wire fuse. Or in bed, candles, smokers throw cigarette butts are not off and matches, in the dormitory incineration debris, in dormitory using gas, liquefied petroleum gas, using kerosene heaters, gasoline, alcohol, and other flammable or explosive substances such as lead flame ignition improperly. There are light bulbs close to combustible long baking Burns; use electric heaters without supervision and grilled ignited fire; prolonged use of electrical appliances not overhaul, cable insulation, leakage circuit and burst into flames.

(3) old buildings, congenital fire hazard. Has over two decades and even in hundreds of years of history in colleges and universities, many wood buildings still in use. One is the WFC is fairly old, aging, damaged roof, roof and a ridge cracking phenomenon can be seen everywhere; second, because at that time the building design fire protection and other aspects of the specification is incomplete, the rule of law is not perfect, leading building left layout is not reasonable, fire channel spacing is not smooth, fire, no large building, interior decoration, fireproofing and evacuation of the aisle makes extensive use of flammable materials, and many other congenital fire hazards; the third is the legacy building prevailing power cable wire laying phenomenon, and some wires are directly fixed on the wooden beams or wooden rafters. At the same time, these old house power configuration is also behind the times. Once the housing offers a result in leakage or fever wire Cook-off for many years these have dried timber, its consequences could be disastrous.

(4) campus situation complex, staff mobility. Fire places include school building, Office building, laboratory, canteens, Stadium, hotel, family, student dormitories, staff quarters, facade-run factory, rent, housing, etc. can be said to relate to the various locations on campus. University campus is a concentrated, open society, is a complex of public places. From the building to see a tall, multi-storey buildings, factories, warehouses, a defense project of underground. From the use of, the existing teaching establishments, public entertainment venues, hotels, restaurants, commercial network, laboratories, dormitories and office building. Building relative concentration, relative density. Some schools in both living areas, teaching, and their families, and even primary school, high school, and other ancillary units, forming a University campus in the complex, mobility features.

In particular the establishment of market economy, to the University campus in the economic system have created favorable conditions for coexistence, rental campus building or street facade of widespread make fire safety management work difficult to further intensify.
(5) the building personnel density, a secure channel. Students in school education is different from the middle of vicinity education, colleges and universities for students from across the country, students focus on accommodation. At present most of the students ' dormitory building area is generally every building in the 3000 square meters, some are even greater, a building housing the amount of 1000 students. Most colleges and universities in building students ' hostel, while taking into account the needs of the fire safety with fire safety channel, but many units from day-to-day anti-theft security or the safety of students to consider and close most fire safety export or provision of security door, and there is only one or two export for daily access to the export of the "security" in name only, in the event of fire, causing loss of life. Some in order to prevent mixing, the channeling of boys and girls, school dormitories, gets all boys and girls live half floor in the corridor and, in the middle are separated by a partition wall, was split in two, stairs hostels, fire hydrant, fire-fighting facilities such as safe export has also been split in two, increased fire risk considerably.

(6) the University invests in fire safety. The University is the cause of units, the annual spending by all levels of government funding, the limited financial resources of the country, focusing on security education expenses, used for fire safety requirements are very limited. In university management system change, the more competition between schools that focus on the costs of the teachers and the teaching of the hardware device on the competition, it is difficult to put into it is not easy to see the fire in infrastructure construction and modification on the fire hazard. In addition, the University Department of DefenseDoor really implement fire safety management officers rarely, some even only one man, some people also wear hats, causing a energy dispersion.

College dormitory fire safety measures

First, do a University dormitory fire safety work should first start from leadership. Shanghai business school of fire, the Ministry of Education issued a circular, require all educational administrative departments and schools resolutely implement "guarantee safety, second insurance development" philosophy. All types of schools have organized a comprehensive fire safety work. Fire departments should use fire safety inspection time, dormitory, cafeteria, boiler plants, gas heating equipment and power supply facilities, warehouses, laboratories, reading room, conference rooms, and other personnel-intensive sites or could cause a fire place for comprehensive cross-checks, in particular on the campus of damaged buildings, power lines, and more focus on troubleshooting, not untouched. For problems to be dealt with immediately, do not delay.

National training institutions is all kinds of senior professionals, college students are pinned to the mother's body in the future and hope. Dormitory in the event of fire and caused the student casualties, their potential losses is unable to measure the effect of, will also be very huge and terrible. Administrative departments at various levels of education and higher education leaders from maintaining social stability and sustainable development perspective, to understand the University dormitory fire and the importance of the work, pay attention to the fire service, fire-fighting effort, recurrent organizational learning fire knowledge to participate in fire drills to improve fire management and the ability to fight fires.

Second, establishing security awareness at every level of responsibility for the implementation of the fire. Fire departments should supervise the administrative departments at various levels of education and higher education institutions to firmly establish fire safety precautions, pay close attention to the fire safety system, at every level of responsibility for the implementation of fire safety. At the same time to improve long-term security and fire prevention, school to further improve the rules and regulations, good safety organization, the implementation of security responsibility system. In particular, to strengthen the management of the dormitory, apartment of peccancy electricity, fire problem must take positive and effective measures. To widely publicize the launched, attaining mind firmly tighten security. To establish fire safety inspection system, regularly organized fire safety check, not regular security checks, checks to identify and eliminate fire hazards.

Third, enhance the fire facility construction. In view of the ageing of the universities of hydropower facilities, fire-fighting facilities stale more serious phenomena such as the University should be based on the actual state and the University, the difference between priorities, gradual transformation.

Through introspection, mapinformation and so forms first solve the housing power cable wire laying of fire hazards such as; share steps to take for funds as soon as possible, power capacity, replace the aging wiring and other measures to reduce fire hazard, and updates have been damaged or more years of fire equipment, fire hydrants and pressurized pump room added to increase water pressure. Conditional University can also automatically install smoke alarms, building campus fire alarm network. Through enhanced fire facilities, increased fire hardware construction, power, reduce fires, reduce the incidence of fire accidents, improve the capacity to help themselves.
Fourth, pay attention to software development, strengthen the teaching of fire safety education. Fire safety software construction has less investment, quick, reliable features, to reduce the University dormitory fire has obvious relevance. Improving fire safety software construction can approach: first, in the student hostel managers to establish fire safety responsibility, responsibility of the person; the second is the establishment of a security patrol in the dormitory system, specified in the halls of a responsible person, discover and eliminate fire hazards; third, establishing the report fire hazards, the formation of a reward system good atmosphere of mutual supervision; the fourth is regularly on students ' hostel managers and students ' fire safety knowledge and skills training to enhance their fight fire with fire extinguishing agent level and the actual operation; the fifth is in accordance with the new fire Act concerning education, labour and administrative departments shall be fire knowledge into education, training, content requirements, combined with new students into the military training activities after the fire safety course students to enhance their coping with the fire and the fire of self-help, but combined with campus features and 119 fire, regularly occasionally organize fire accident and fire prevention, fire fighting and knowledge of teachers, education for all exhibition, set up security responsibility, for a moment forget fire safety.