【 Weak current College 】 fire extinguisher choice and configuration---Power By 【 China power house network 】

Fire extinguishers as community public safety products, because of its simple structure, light and flexible, easy-to-use features, widely used in various places. Reasonable configuration of fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing, early fire loss reduction, protection of personal and property safety provides reliable protection. State departments of fire extinguishers configuration also attaches considerable importance to the State standard specification of, GBJ140 — 90 the construction of fire extinguishers configuration design code explicitly request: fire extinguishers configuration types, specifications, quantity, and set the location should be used as architectural design and engineering design drawings marked. In 2000, the Ministry of public security to all provinces, autonomous region Public Security Department issued a "fire extinguishers on supervision unit implement the configuration and periodic inspection maintenance functions to ensure the effective fighting since early notification of a fire. But I work in fire inspection found that a significant portion of places in the selection and configuration of fire extinguishers, there needs to be improved.

1 fire extinguisher choice and configuration problems

1.1 selection problems of fire extinguishers

Fire extinguisher bottles by its filling material can be divided into dry powder fire extinguishers, fire extinguishers, fire extinguisher, foam extinguisher, halon fire extinguishers in five. These fire extinguishers can fight different electrical equipment, oil and other different types of fire. The correct choice of fire extinguishers, fire on the beginning of may until the good fight. Thus fire extinguishers as a common fire extinguishing equipment is widely used in various places, but also various venues will configure one of fire fighting equipment. But the author in the daily fire supervision and inspection found that some units or locations select the type of fire extinguishers and the nature of the site, such as hotels, restaurants, etc. contains a lot of solid objects may be so, but selection of B, C class of fire extinguishers, B, C class dry powder fire extinguishing carbon solid combustible or flammable building elements of A class of fire; not suitable for the fire extinguishers fire killing live live-fire fighting equipment, causing water stains, dust or foam fire extinguishers to fight pollution of precision instruments or the valuable electrical equipment such as fire. Fire extinguishers improper selection, will not be able to put out the fire, may contribute to the fire, the fire spread speed faster, resulting in unexpected serious consequences.

1.2 configuration specifications and quantity problems

In the number of fire extinguishers configuration,

1.2.1 fire extinguishers configuration is too centralized. Some units in particular hotels, hotel in Visual appearance, often the units of all fire extinguishers fire control centrally placed in the room, indoor or on each floor a set point, the unity of a fire, then by the watch with a fire extinguisher to put out. This place has two aspects: a security vulnerability is discovered after fire, fire fighting, not the nearest distance to have fire extinguishers fire, resulting in a waste of time, is easy to miss the best fire extinguishing time; second, a fire extinguisher layout uneven, cannot reach the place of all construction area are within the scope of protection of fire extinguishers.

1.2.2 fire extinguishers layout fragmentation, there is no clear of fire extinguishers configuration point, but in each room or balcony, with one off within a device, which is not consistent with the norms of fire extinguishers configuration settings for the requirements of point.

1.2.3 insufficient number of fire extinguishers configuration. On fire supervision examination also found that the same unit or in the same place, the specifications of fire extinguishers configuration, like a fire extinguishers configuration point configured 2Kg and amount with different extinguishing agent 4Kg specifications of fire extinguishers.

1.3 in fire extinguishers configuration benchmarks problems

First, configure the benchmark margin is larger, the same area of the same places where fire hazard, the number of fire extinguishers. As a reference to the plant, there is a fire extinguisher 50m2 equipped and with a fire extinguisher 20m2. The second is to store fuel in all types of dangerous places in the classification and rating are not uniform, resulting in fire extinguishers configuration baseline overlapping, contradictory, creating technical anomaly.

1.4 maintenance problems

Units for fire extinguisher maintenance attention is not enough, not on fire extinguisher maintenance management into the fire-fighting equipment and facilities management systems, fire extinguishers to place more easily. If the placement of the fire extinguishers pays no attention to Sun, rain, moisture, antifreeze, corrosion protection, resulting in a bottle corrosion, ageing, spray nozzle components plug, bottle of dry powder caking, bottle of liquid, frozen, etc. Use of fire extinguishers or after prolonged idle cylinders driven gas pressure, pressure, and so does not receive timely filling, repair or scrap.

2 fire extinguishers configuration correct selection and science

2.1 depending on the configuration of properties to choose the appropriate fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers configuration places should be considered in conjunction with the place of fire danger rating, fires, environment temperature, and the nature of the protected material. Generally speaking, the choice of the types of fire extinguishers should satisfy the following requirements:

2.1.1 fighting A fire should use water-, ammonium phosphate powder, halon fire extinguisher type;

2.1.2 fighting B class fire should use dry chemical, foam, halon fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide-type;

2.1.3 fire extinguishing C class should use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, halon fire extinguisher type;

2.1.4 fight live fire should use halon, carbon dioxide, dry powder-type fire extinguishers;

2.1.5 fighting A, B, C class fire and live fire should use ammonium phosphate powder, halon fire extinguisher type;

2.1.6 the fire extinguishing D class in our country at present, no stereotypes of fire extinguishers. The current foreign off D class fire extinguisher mainly powder graphite fire extinguishers and off metal dedicated fire extinguishers. In the country has not yet produced such fire extinguishers and extinguishing agent, dry sand and iron foam instead.

2.1.7 suppression of precious materials and equipment of the fire should be chosenUse halon-fire extinguishers;

2.1.8 in fire suppression mechanism of the same case, you should select a high degree of fire-fighting force.

2.1.9 places in the same fire extinguishers configuration, elected by the same types of fire extinguishers should choose to do the same.

2.11 places in the same fire extinguishers configuration, elected in two or more types of fire extinguishers, fire extinguishers should be compatible.

2.12 in non-essential halon fire extinguishers configuration of establishments using halon fire extinguisher, use ammonium phosphate dry chemical fire extinguisher or other light-water-foam fire extinguishers, fire extinguisher type.

2.13 on the coexistence of several classes of fire should be mixed fire preferred all-in of fire extinguishers.

2.2 depending on configuration places area determination of fire extinguishers configuration and quantitative

Fire extinguishers configuration and quantitative determination, should ensure that the place of all area of the fire extinguishers must be within the scope of protection, while at the same time should be taken into account should not be configured too much, resulting in unnecessary waste. Should meet the following four requirements:

2.2.1 determine the configuration of the site's nature.

2.2.2 identification of fire extinguishers configuration baseline.

2.2.3 determine the configuration of the maximum protection of fire extinguishers.

2.2.4 a fire extinguishers configuration place fire extinguishers shall not be less than 2, each set point of fire extinguishers should not be more than 5. According to the construction of fire extinguishers configuration design code of fire extinguishers configuration baseline shall meet the requirements of the table 1, maximum protection should meet the requirements of the table 2.


In addition, the underground building number of fire extinguishers configuration should be the appropriate surface buildings increased by 30%; there may be a corresponding reduction of the hydrant 30%; a fire extinguishing system can be reduced by 50%; at the same time equipped with fire hydrants and fire extinguishing systems can be reduced by 70%; fuel outdoor stacking, a, b, c liquid storage tanks, combustible gas tank of fire extinguishers configuration places, etc, can be reduced to 70%.

2.3 strengthen maintenance of fire extinguishers

A maintenance management in place, the product quality of fire extinguishers, a loss, casualties of the fire and proactively, but if the fire extinguishers improper selection or lack of maintenance, tends to result in serious consequences, the light would not be able to play its traffic to even explode, causing casualties even forfeiting fighters. Therefore, after the fire extinguisher choice configuration, should strengthen the future of the maintenance work, timely updates, scrap, repair of used fire extinguishers and unqualified security breaches of fire extinguishers, fire extinguishers ensure each tool will be able to play its important role.