【 Weak current College 】 fire facilities inspection and maintenance management (2)

Third, the strict fire protection facilities inspection clearance and acceptance of focus:

Final acceptance is in building simulation fire State on fire facilities feature a comprehensive inspection. Well construction and acceptance of fire-fighting facilities is to prevent danger to the architectural legacy. Fire departments should call the fire facility before the acceptance must first be tested and qualified. In the final acceptance, the Fire Department in accordance with the relevant fire facilities acceptance and design requirements, fire-fighting facilities to conduct a comprehensive inspection and assessment carefully, on any problem that must be ordered to find out why and completely corrected. If an inspection pass is, however, be sure to adhere to the principles, requirements for rectification and reorganize acceptance until all through, but not loss position selling human feelings, figure, "open eye, closed-eye", a deaf ear to confused checks.

(A) fire hydrant system acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes and completion of the figure, the water pump, indoor and outdoor fire hydrant, fire pump adapter and gate valves, and other major facilities performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction acceptance record, the pipeline passes water flushing records, pipe pressure test records, pumps and other electrical devices for fire test run records, project quality accident's processing records.

2. system installation of general inspection: inspection of fire pumps, pump adapter, fire-fighting water intake, indoor and outdoor hydrant and valve and so on key equipment installation compatibility with drawings, convenience, there is no correct obvious signs that there is no obvious damage or defects in appearance; system off¡á1 gate valves open and close State meets the design requirements; in climate cooler areas, acceptance is important to note check ground fire hydrant pipeline is installed in the following Frost layer; fire hydrant around sufficient discharge area, to prevent accidental frost.

3. system integrated function test: according to the different requirements of the original design, on the fire pump be automatic, manual, remote and pumping test-cycle pump; the fire pump group of the main pump and the alternate Vice-Chairman pump function to switch between test; system pressure test and water testing; the most negative point of the system and system key protected parts of fire hydrant hose, gun used for water testing.

(Ii) acceptance of automatic fire alarm system of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings, fire detectors, alarm control, fire show, manual fire alarm button, fire control equipment, and other key equipment and wiring performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction inspection records, alarm system test reports, etc.

2. General check: field view, or the appropriate tool (steel tape measure, micrometer, rangefinder, electronic inclinometer, testing etc) measurement system cabling and system grounding, system each loop of wire insulation resistance value, pipe protection materials, fire detector installation location, spacing and confirm the lamp, the hand of the installation location, distance, amount, fire alarm controller installed, the Cabinet wiring, power supply and grounding, fire show disk installation location, inside wiring, power supply and grounding, linkage control device installation and wiring.

3. system integrated functional test: fire detector simulation test and verify coded alarm, fire alarm and fire show up in the post, and other features, power conversion, silencers, reset, power, capacity, power, electrical properties, isolators, linkage control set testing equipment malfunction alert, self-diagnostic and control, fire signal reception capabilities and power capacity, performance, and verifying manually fire alarm button code.

(Iii) automatic sprinkler system acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings, nozzle, water flow indicator, alarm valves and fire pumps, fire pump adapter and gate valves, and other major facilities performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction acceptance record, the pipeline passes water washing, suppress the test records, pumps and other electrical devices for fire test run records, project quality accident's processing records.

2. system installation General check: check the fire pump, pump adapter, fire-fighting water intake, and gate valves, and other major equipment installation compatibility with drawings, convenience, there is no correct obvious signs that there is no damage and obvious defects in appearance. Live view, measure nozzle type, spacing, quantity, the network of pipes and tubes, pipe network connection format and quality, pipeline installation location and distribution mains set number of nozzle, eqnipment, pipeline pressure measures, drainage, etc.

3. system integrated function test: according to the different requirements of the original design, on the fire pump be automatic, manual, remote and pumping test-place start; the fire pump group of the main pump and the alternate Vice-Chairman pump function to switch between the test; in accordance with the relevant requirements of hydrostatic test and pressure test; on alarm control unit functions for testing (e.g., wet, dry system nozzle movement, whether by alarm valve set pressure switch direct chain control and automatically starts the pump. Fire control rooms (disk) can control the pump, solenoid valve, electrically operated valves, etc., and can display flow indicators, pressure switches, signals valves, pumps, fire-fighting water and water storage tanks-water, pressurized gas pipeline and power, and so is in the State of feedback signal); alarm valve function test (open alarm valve, see alarm action state, output signal and the fire pump start, linkage, the control panel display case meets the test requirements; open water valves, measurement of flow and pressure of water should comply with the inspection requirements);

System linkage experiment (simulation of fire signal, automatic fire alarm system should emit sound and light alarm signal and start the automatic sprinklerFire extinguishing systems; start eqnipment Department on the water).

(Iv) gas extinguishing system acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes and completion of the figure, the extinguishing agent storage containers, header, select the valve, fire extinguishing agent pipeline, nozzle types and specifications, and other major facilities performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction acceptance record, the pipeline pressure tightness test of strength, project quality accident's processing records.

2. system installation General check: field view, measure, the appearance of storage containers and pressure gauge, fire extinguishing agent filling volume and filling pressure, header, drive device installation, select the valve, nozzle, extinguishing pipe look and installation, security requirements (whether or not to set off the automatic control system for manual installations, fire and extinguishing agent cast of acoustic alarm, emergency lighting and evacuation signage, mechanical ventilation devices, etc.), system control and operation of the appliance.

3. system integrated functional test: emergency shut-off and simulation starts, automatic Jet, Jet test manually.

(V) fireproofing system acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings, fire shutter, fireproof roller shutter motor or ordinary shutter, fire shutter control device, fire-proof glass, fire doors and installed in the door locks, hinges, latches and hardware performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction inspection records, project quality accident's processing records.

2. General check: field view, surveying fire curtain panels embedded rail depth, roller shutter motor performance, fire door installation requirements.

3. system integrated functional test: control unit test (on-site operation increases the key box, the drop operation, stop orders, control device can receive fire detector smoke, heat alarm and logical actions function test), fire control equipment for control and feedback.

(Vi) smoke, air conditioning and ventilation system acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings and mechanical pressure blowers, mechanical smoke extraction fans, smoke fire valves, fire dampers, and other major facilities performance indicators of the information and product certificate, subtle construction inspection records, project quality accident's processing records.

2. General check: field view, test, mechanical pressure blowers and mechanical exhaust fan installation, operation and power switching, pressurized air, smoke, smoke exhaust pipe installation, ventilation, air conditioning system settings, smoke fire valves and fire damper settings and performance.

3. system integrated function test: mechanical smoke, smoke extraction and ventilation and air conditioning system linkage control function test.

(VII) fire emergency lighting, evacuation instructions and fire fire communications, broadcasting and fire alarm equipment acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings of emergency lighting, fire, evacuation signage, speakers, alternate amplifiers, fire alarm equipment, equipment performance data and product certificate, subtle construction inspection records, project quality accident's processing records.

2. General check: field view, test fire emergency lighting and evacuation signage installation, function and illumination, dedicated phone lines, fire, fire phone jack, fire radio, speakers, fire alarms, alternate settings and performance of the amplifier.

3. system integrated function test: test fire radio control function.

(VIII) fire elevator acceptance of focus:

1, drawings, data review: initial design drawings, construction drawings, design changes, and as-built drawings of construction works, subtle acceptance record, the project quality accident's processing records.

2. General check: field view, test fire lift quantity, location, performance requirements and waterproofing measures, emergency lighting and fire evacuation signage installation, function and illumination, an outside line, private telephone, phone jacks, fire radio, speakers, alternate amplifiers, fire alarm device settings and performance.

3. system integrated function test: fire elevator control function (manual, control room, linkage control) test.

(IX) fire power supply: power supply acceptance should seize fire focus: view the technical information, live view, test fire power load levels, toggle, the electric power generation starts, fire power distribution lines.

IV. fire protection facilities maintenance status and problems of

(A) the large and medium-sized cities of fire protection installations basically implements maintenance, and have the qualification of the fire technical intermediary service organizations signed a maintenance contract, both parties expressly factory. Currently, in some cities established fire alarm monitoring network system, fire monitoring and rescue, fire has played an important role. Such as Tianjin, where the city has an automatic fire alarm system of units and the fire of intermediary organizations (North information industry co., Ltd.) enables automatic fire alarm monitoring networking, signed fire facilities maintenance contract, defined the duties of the overall improved fire facilities maintenance level.

(Ii) with the rapid development of electronic technology, electronic products, a city in fire protection installations also fire electronic product category, technical support requests. A fire maintenance companies maintain dozens of high-rise building fire facilities is a common phenomenon, to maintain the quality and internal management make high demands.

(3) fire-fighting facilities maintenance-With the signing deadline constraints. Now generally contracts were signed, one-year term, caused the company to fire technical performance doesn't want too much to learn, to fire facilities existing technical problems to make efforts to solve the problem, drag the time taken to deal with, on emerging issues temporary solution, resulting in a maintenance contract year after year, maintenance companies, fire-fighting facilities more and more maintenance issues.

(Iv) no fixed maintenance technology, maintenance reports are not clear. Fire fighting facilities maintenance is technically responsible for the maintenance and implementation, how to reflect the maintenance report and the report is the core. Now maintain reports and reports usually use the "everything works" language to reflect, not some technical parameters to describe the operational status of the fire-fighting facilities.

(V) with the constant improvement of the market system, fire-fighting facilities maintenance also included in the scope of the bidding. Often a tenderer fire facilities maintenance vastly, tender units not according to the procedure. A small number of the tenderer to malicious competition, the price war to normal fire facilities maintenance market disadvantage.

(Vi) Fire Department for fire-fighting facilities maintenance supervisory abilities in fire personnel's quality and the means of supervision and inspection. Fire facilities related to automation systems, strong or weak electricity system, water supply and drainage systems, buildings and HVAC systems fundamentals, to mastery of martial arts, overnight fire inspection officer's quality is fundamental. In building control inspection of fire protection installations, often taking eye view touch of simple means to determine the normal building fire facilities, reducing fire department's authority.

VII) examination found fairly prominent issues specific performance: one is the flat building fire facilities damage, failure. For example the automatic fire alarm system, failure of part of the detector, smoke a diffuser can not open or insufficient amount of wind, alarm system host failure, fire pumps will not boot, in the event of fire, fire-fighting facilities exist in name only; the second is the facilities. One is intentionally disabled, such as fire alarm system is due to the often false positives too bored off of owners; entertainment for reducing illumination and close the exit lights, LEDs, as easy to use and normally open fire door, normally closed exhaust window. Other is not disabled, such as fire pump outlet valve is closed, gas fire extinguishing system, fans, pumps was a power outage. Third, the lack of facilities. One is the historical issue, such as the lack of automatic sprinkler systems, indoor hydrant system, therefore the considerable difficulty of rectification; another is to be removed from the surface facilities, such as a fire door, emergency lights, etc. 4 fire facilities quality is not up to the mark. A subtle engineering, such as modification of a tall building decoration found that ceiling sprinkler system pipes through the transom at the round beam bending, construction workers for easy installation, the branch pipe fracture, beam pipes on both sides, resulting in mutual access to each half of the region's water spray head without water. The second is fire product quality problems, such as emergency lamp illumination time, fire doors and actual fire resistance.

5. how the existing building fire facilities maintenance management, the author believes should take the following measures:

(A) developing and regulating maintenance of fire-fighting agent.

1. strengthen the fire protection facilities maintenance quality management, market access system. Periodically fire spot checks of intermediary services organization, testing, assessment, fittest mechanism.

2, with the building fire facilities maintenance bidding mechanism of continuous improvement, maintenance fees fixed standards urgently needed for developing market price guide, increased maintenance market transparency to prevent malicious competition building fire facilities maintenance cost a fair and reasonable.

3, uniform maintenance technical standards, and report regularly to the fire department fire facilities maintenance situation. Fire departments should be with the relevant departments to enact building fire facilities maintenance technology standards to technology parameters as the core quantitative and qualitative view of fire protection installations running and maintenance of the overall improvement of the level of maintenance.

(Ii) fire-fighting units system to improve and manage to keep up with, so that software is not soft.

L, internal responsibility system established to implement responsible, "whoever is in charge, who is responsible for" principle to pipe fire fighting facilities. One is the clear responsibility, the implementation of the responsible person. Legal representative is the first duty, the specific charge of leadership is the responsible management of consumer is directly responsible. The second is the responsibility of signing. Authorities signed with the owning company, legal representative and responsible leadership, while leaders conclude with specific responsibilities, level tube level, a layer of grasping a layer, the layer-by-level accountability and implementation. The third is given the responsibility and profit, every manager has to assume responsibility and to have the appropriate rights, especially the clear disincentives, to be punishing bad, reward.

2. build a rail-thin 2 checking. A stall, that is, the fire key unit of archives, in accordance with the management practices, establishment of fire-fighting fire archives. The second book, check book, check book, each unit every day should check and fill out a registration, or as on-duty records. -Check the book in two copies, one copy to the local fire department memorandum, a copy of the sent this unit leadership review. Third, i.e. the day, week, month enquiries. In view of the different sizes and different types of fire-fighting equipment, fire by unit leader to make at the end of the day, week, month, and search for content and methods, and organizations.

(C) fire departments to enhance fire facilities inspection and monitoring tools.

Effective fire supervision is guaranteed automatic fire-fighting facilities often long and easy to use. As the Fire Department, the focus of an oversight, and the Fire Department must spend more on supervision units fire facilities management. Fire departments to effectively supervise the fire facilities, must focus on improving business and publicity guidance, in accordance with the law on three links.

1. improve the business. Fire facilities have a high technology content, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of fire-fighting facilities, you must first raise the fire monitors the quality of their own business. Fire inspection officer through various channels, and actively to continuously learn new knowledge and acquire new technologies, improving their business skills. You cannot imagine the face of potential fire technical fire-fighting facilities, a poorly, even people who know nothing about is how to supervise and instruct. In fact, the current fire department also undeniably exist for overall supervision of less high level, in particular the need to emphasize the improved business technology, improving monitoring capacity, in order to strengthen supervision of fire-fighting facilities and lay a solid foundation.

2, publicity guidance. Don't understand fire facilities, advanced technology, is the maintenance of a main context. To this end, fire departments for fire protection facilities implementation oversight must be accompanied by the corresponding management operations staff focused training guide, through training courses, seminars and other forms of fire protection technology to build a team understanding management, will operate the fire facility management team, building fire facilities operations management certificates.

3. supervise. The supervision unit introspection self-correction, firefighting agencies should also be enhanced to check the laws and regulations. Each fire facilities supervision and inspection to be as complete as possible, especially the linkage, fan started, hydraulic switch alarm and dual power supply units firemen daily does not check facilities, ganzi should take a serious look. Strictly implement professional testing system, the annual periodical SSO detection reports. On building fire facilities have major deficiencies, should establish specialized stalls, track inspection, do not eliminate risks not pin stalls. For those who fire facilities troubles and refusing rectification units and individuals that want to fully exercise supervisory functions, sticking to the facts, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the fire Statute and strongly penalized.

Along with the social and technological progress, building fire facilities of its own technical standards will also, in the prevention of crime and catastrophic fire accidents will be malignant and make a greater contribution. As long as the use of fire protection installations, make excellent "hardware" and "software not soft", supported by effective and efficient supervision to ensure fire protection facilities good running and reliability, it can be expected, in the near future, our building automatic fire-fighting facilities will shoulder the burden of building and disaster prevention.

References:

[1] the high civil building design fire protection standard (2001 Edition) GB50045-95

[2] the automatic fire alarm system design code (GB50116-98)

[3] the automatic fire alarm system construction and acceptance (GB50166-92)

[4] the automatic sprinkler system design code GB50084-2001

[5] automatic sprinkler system installation and acceptance of GB50261-96 (2003 Edition)

[6] the rules for the inspection of fire-fighting facilities (Ningxia longtime WA fire engineering co., Ltd.)

[7] duhong authoring the smoke engineering "(people's higher education textbook)

[8] the electric equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance of GBJ232-82

[9] the People's Republic of China Fire Services Act, the Tianjin fire Ordinance, the organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions management regulations "(Ministry of public security Decree 61), the regulations on fire supervision inspection (Decree of 36)

[10] Chen nan authoring of "fire control"