【 Weak current College 】 public entertainment fire prevention---Power By 【 China power house network 】

Public entertainment of fire prevention


Chapter public entertainment of fire prevention
As China's economic development, market economic prosperity and a general increase in living standards, people began to pay attention to the quality of life, using public holidays to entertainment vacation, entertainment and more, contributed to our public casino facilities. According to the Ministry of public security, public entertainment fire safety management regulations ", public entertainment mainly includes the following five broad categories:
1. cinema, such as ring, Auditorium, Orchestra, show venues;
2. the dance halls, karaoke and dance entertainment, Office, etc.;
3. have the entertainment function of nightclubs, music Cafe and catering establishments;
4. Entertainment, amusement and other public entertainment, etc.;
5. the bowling alley, rink, sauna, fitness, leisure business.
These places are characterized by complex architectural features, sociality, concentration, in the event of fire, causing heavy casualties and significant property damage.

The first section of public entertainment of fire risk
First, the interior decoration, decoration with large amounts of combustible material
Public entertainment, the fire load of combustibles. If some theaters, halls of wooden roof construction widget is a widget or steel structures; the stage curtain and wood flooring is combustible, props, scenery, the highest concentration of combustibles; audience Hall of the ceiling and walls in order to meet the acoustical design of sound effects, most of the combustible materials. Dance halls, karaoke Hall, nightclubs, entertainment, decoration, is very luxurious, large quantities of wood, plastic, fiber textiles and other combustible material, fire load increase significantly, increasing the probability of fire and damage.
Second, electrical equipment, the fire source, difficult to control
Public entertainment generally use a variety of lighting and sound equipment, and the number and power, if used incorrectly, it is easy to cause local overload and short circuit, and cause a fire. Some lamp surface temperature is high, such as tungsten iodine lamp quartz lamp surface temperature up to 500 ¡æ — 700 ° c, and screen, set close to combustible material such as extremely vulnerable to fire. Public entertainment as a result of electrical devices, connection of electrical lines and also, most of the theatre, the Auditorium, the audience Hall of the stuffy top and stage electrical circuits Criss, if installation, improper use, it is easy to cause a fire. Public entertainment in business is often also need to use all kinds of open flame or heat, if mismanaged or cause a fire.
III. concentration, evacuation difficult, easy causing casualties
Staff gather public entertainment, in the event of fire, evacuation is very difficult. Even a small fire, will lead to panics, rushed out to escape, overcrowding, lack of timely evacuation of casualties caused by the accident.
Dance halls, karaoke rooms, and other entertainment venues, is different from a theater, a large customer of arbitrariness, sometimes staff relative concentration, the density is very high, Charlestown, in the event of fire, overcrowded, disorder, if evacuation channels are not clear, it is easy to result a large number of casualties. Such as: ABP art and dance halls, the authorized officer should be 140 people, 1994, 27 November before the fire, when serious business in the ballroom of overcrowding, reached more than 300 people, resulting in a burnt to death 233, direct economic loss of 30 million of catastrophic fire.
IV. fire spread rapidly, fighting hard
Public entertainment, dance halls, theatres, halls, etc. in case of fire, because building span, space, ventilation, fire was developing rapidly. It is easy to result the housing collapse, often to the fighting has caused great difficulties.


The second section of the main public entertainment fire protection requirements

Under the FPPA People's Republic of China and the Ministry of public security, public entertainment fire safety management regulations ", where new and reconstructed, expansion or change the internal decoration of public entertainment, the fire protection design (including fire partitions, security, evacuation, smoke, fire and water, decoration materials, automatic fire extinguishing systems and fire alarm systems, etc.) must comply with the national technical specifications relating to the fire. Construction unit should be fire-resistant design, decoration drawing sent to local fire agencies audit, audited agreed before construction; in use or pre-opening, shall declare to the local public security fire agencies, the fire safety inspection, and may be used or opened.
First, the setting of public entertainment
(A) sets the position, the fire separation, fire resistance ratings
Public entertainment should not be set in the heritage of ancient buildings, museums, library building, adjacent to the major warehouses or dangerous goods in the warehouse. Shall, in a residential building into public entertainment. In public places of entertainment of the above, below, or near the location, layout of fuel, gas boiler room and oil-immersed power transformer room.
Public entertainment in construction, and other structures in maintained certain fire separation, General and nail, CPI production plant, warehouse should have not less thanE = "m" SourceValue = "50" HasSpace = "False" Negative = "False" NumberType = "1" TCSC = "0" > 50m fire spacing. The building itself should not be lower than the secondary fire resistance rating.
(Ii) fire safety separator
In architectural design, consideration should be given the necessary fire technical measures: Theatre, building stage and Auditorium, should be not less than the fire resistance of noncombustible Stope 3.5h, upper estuary of the stage and Auditorium bore between the top of partition, use the fire resistance rating of not less than the non-combustibility, 1.5h partition on the door should be class b fire door; movie review rooms (including volume room) application of the fire resistance of not less than 1h noncombustible Stope and separated from other parts of the observation hole and show hole should be set to fire Gate; Theatre background of assisted housing and stage, should be used between the fire resistance of not less than 1.5h noncombustible walls separated; the stage following lighting operation room and fuel storage, application of the fire resistance is not lower than 1h of noncombustible walls and other parts of the body.
For more than 1500-seat theater and more than 2000-seat Hall, Auditorium, stage, and the stage is connected to the side of the bed, the background of the window and door openings, should set the water curtain separated. For more than 1500-seat theatre and more than 2000-seat Hall stage up lower and a building area of more than 400m2 's Studio, construction area of 500m2 exceeded the movie studios and so should be set in the rain sprinkler equipment.
Public entertainment and other construction phase of the adjoining or attached in other buildings, shall be independent of fire partition settings. Building of public entertainment and residential security exports should separate settings.
(3) public entertainment in interior design and construction, you must comply with the construction interior trim design fire protection standard.
(4) in the underground buildings set public entertainment venues in addition to complying with the fire technical specifications, you should meet the following requirements:
1. the only permitted in the basement;
2. export to ground security should not be less than two, each stair width should comply with the relevant architectural design fire protection standard;
3. it should be set up mechanical smoke facilities;
4. it should be set up automatic fire alarm systems and automatic sprinkler systems;
5. strictly prohibited the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
Second, public entertainment of evacuation
(A) exit and entrance requirements
1. public entertainment audience Hall, ballroom of the evacuation, passengers should be based on the export situation, the number of reasonable settings should not be less than two, and each security export number average evacuation should not exceed 250 people, when the capacity of more than 2000 people, its excess per export average evacuation not more than 400 people.
2. public entertainment audience Hall entry doors, emergency exit should not set the threshold, it should not be less than 1.4m. Close the door 1.4m should not be set up. At the same time, the emergency exit is not permitted to use roller doors, revolving door, door and side door latch should be pushed open the door, the door outside-not setting shutters, screens, etc. affecting evacuated the occluder. Public entertainment in business, you must ensure that the safety and smooth flow of the aisle, is strictly prohibited to secure export locked, clogging.
3. in order to ensure the safe evacuation, public entertainment the width of the outdoor evacuation lanes should be not less than 3m. In order to ensure that the needs of the fire, when more than 2000-seat halls and other buildings around, to set the ring of fire road.
(Ii) the evacuation of the aisle arrangement
In the layout of public entertainment audience Hall aisles of evacuation, cross the aisle between the seats should not be more than 20 rows. drain Longitudinal aisles between the number of seats per row of not more than 22, rear seat is currently not less thanMberType = "1" TCSC = "0" > 90cm, $ 50; only one side of the longitudinal aisles, the number of seats should be halved.
(3) emergency lighting
1. the export in safety and evacuation of aisles, you should set the necessary emergency lighting and evacuation signs to guide visitors along the fire light evacuation signage smooth evacuation. Evacuation of emergency lighting, the minimum illuminance should not be lower than 0.5LX. Lighting life must not be less than the 20min.
2. emergency lighting in the wall or ceiling yishe, evacuation signage yishe in PTB top and evacuation of the aisle and corner margin 1m following surface of the wall, aisles of signs should not be greater than the spacing between the 20m. In order to facilitate the management and protection, emergency lighting and evacuation signs should be used in glass or other combustible materials of protective cover.
3. fire-fighting facilities and equipment set
Public entertainment fires spread quickly, and fighting difficult, therefore, must be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and fire-fighting facilities. According to the national fire technical specification provides for more than 800-seat theatre, cinemas, clubs and more than 1200-seat auditorium, you should set the hydrant.
In order to ensure timely and effective control of the fire, the seat more than 1500 theatres and seat more than 2000 of the synagogue or auditorium, the audience Hall, stage upper (roofs using a metal component), dressing room, props room, storage room, lounges, etc should set closed sprinkler equipment.
Indoor hydrant, should generally be arranged in theatre, Auditorium and movie review rooms, and other key sites, and should be set in striking ease of access. In addition, the review rooms (including volume room), power distribution unit, storage room, stage, sound manipulation, and other key parts of the body, should be equipped with the necessary fire extinguishers.
Set in the comprehensive building of public entertainment, the fire-fighting equipment of facilities and equipment, should be consistent with the national fire technical specifications on the comprehensive building of fire safety requirements.
Fourth, public entertainment fire safety management
1. public entertainment should be the legal representative or the person primarily responsible in determining a unit responsible for fire safety, fire safety in this unit is responsible for the work. And to the local police and fire agencies of record.
2. public entertainment property owners and other units, individual leasing, Contracting, etc occurs, public entertainment fire safety by the operators responsible.
3. public entertainment in business, you must ensure the safe evacuation of export and unobstructed, is strictly prohibited to secure export locked, blocking.
4. public entertainment in business time shall not exceed the number of ratings.
5. public entertainment must strengthen the electrical fire safety management, timely and eliminate fire hazards, no overload for electricity, will be allowed to pull temporary wires.
6. is strictly forbidden in public entertainment business for equipment maintenance, electric welding, paint painting, construction, maintenance jobs.
7. public entertainment premises is strictly into and storage of flammable or explosive substances.
8. public entertainment should follow the construction of fire extinguishers configuration design specifications "equipped with fire-fighting equipment, set the alarm calls, regular maintenance to ensure fire protection facilities, equipment intact and valid.
9. public entertainment should develop the use of fire power management system, development of emergency evacuation plan. In business since the end of the period and place of business, you should specify specially assigned for security inspection. Particular attention to any legacy cigarette fires, confirm the safety, cut off the power.
10. public entertainment should establish full fire safety responsibility system, all staff should be familiar with the necessary fire safety knowledge that will be reported to the fire-extinguishing equipment is used, will organize evacuation. New staff induction before fire safety training must be conducted.
11. karaoke Hall and rooms, you should set the alert sounds or images, and ensure that the fire broke out at an early stage, the karaoke room screen, audio, broadcast the fire alarm, boot evacuation.