【 Weak current College 】 oil depot fire safety knowledge-Power By 【 China power house network 】

I. common fire materials and appliances

1. water

Water to extinguish the fire of general building and fuel, and can also be used for cooling, prevent the spread of fire. But it is not suitable for extinguishing fire and flammable liquids are not cut off the power of the electrical equipment and chemical materials fire.

2. fire fighting sand box

Fire extinguishing with sand, sand base, generally used to control the oil in the workplace the right places, equipped with the necessary spade, hook, axe, buckets and other fire-fighting tools. There is a fire with a spade or bucket will sand scattered over the flame so that it is off. Applies to fight ground spill of oil burning and burial ground small fire in the early stages of the pipeline.

3, asbestos was

Asbestos is not burning, asbestos was covered in the ignition on, the flame will be extinguished by suffocating. Applies to fight all kinds of oil storage tank, container, barrel, tank car port, pipeline and ground cracks of flame in small area in the early stages of a fire.

4, foam machine

Foam extinguishing liquid consists of aluminum sulfate, sodium bicarbonate and licorice extract. Fire fighting, the foam machine body upside down, the foam can be exhaled, covering fire extinguishing substance to achieve the objectives. Applies to fight barrel oil, pipelines, the ground of fire. Should not be used for electrical equipment and precision metal manufactures fire.

5. carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

Carbon dioxide is a non-conductive gas, air density, within the cylinder to liquid at high pressure. Fire suppression is simply pulls the switch, the carbon dioxide that ignition of air blast State to cut off the air on, so that the flame is extinguished. Suitable for precision instruments, electrical equipment and oil laboratory, and other places of the small area of the fire. Carbon dioxide from liquid to gas, large amounts of heat absorption, the temperature was low (up to-80 ° c), therefore, is used to avoid frostbite, at the same time, the carbon dioxide toxic, avoid inhalation.

6, dry powder fire extinguisher

Dry powder mainly by sodium bicarbonate, talc, MICA powder and stearic acid, cylinder is dry and carbon dioxide. Use the fire extinguisher in ring, dry powder under the action of the carbon dioxide gas exhaled powder spray, coverage in the ignition on, so that the flame is extinguished. Applies to fight tank farm, warehouse, oil pumps, oil companies and other establishments not for precision fire, electrical fire.

7, 1211 fire extinguisher

1211 fire extinguisher is a chlorine fluorine by second a methyl bromide components, which is in the nitrogen pressure in the cylinder to liquid filling, use, remove the safety pin, firmly hold pressure to restart open valve, 1211 spurts out the flame burning, immediate suppression, so that the chain reaction of light. Widely used in fighting various occasions of oils, organic solvents, flammable gases, electrical equipment, precision instruments, such as fire.

Second, fire-fighting facilities management

1. fixed fire-fighting foam tank, you should periodically check.

2, the provisions of the fire water tank should maintain good water quality clean water storage capacity, and is not affected by the oil pollution, fire small pump Peking Opera is good standby.

3. post with Qi must fire-fighting equipment, the specialist is responsible for periodically checking.

4. use expired fire extinguishers available supplementary replacement.

3. fire prevention

Fire is the people in the fight with fire in the process of gradually formed and developed a specialized work. It has the nature of the safety and security. In our country, the fire service is to defend the construction of socialist modernization, the protection of public property and civic life and property safety, an important measures.

Where a loss of control of combustion and to public or private property and personal loss are fire. According to a fire caused by the loss of life, affected households and the amount of direct damage to property, fire is divided into three categories:

A, has one of following situations, as fire:

Death 10 people or more (including the number of the same below); over 20 injured; death, serious injury more than 20 people; more than 50 families love disaster; burning of property loss of $ or more.

B, has one of following situations, as a major fire: the death of three persons above; more than ten people sustained serious injuries; death, serious injury more than 10 people; affected more than 30 families; refining and destroyed property of $ or more.

C, does not have a front row two scenarios of burning accident, for general fire.

Fire protection work of the "prevention, anti-combination" approach.

"Prevention" is the guiding idea of fire prevention, fire prevention to be put in the first place, mobilization and rely on human hair masses, carrying the fire of administrative measures, technical measures and organizational measures to fundamentally prevent fire. As long as people thought, physical implementation and management, you can obtain the same fires once and the struggle against the initiative. So said the fires are preventable.

"Anti-" refers to the same fire fighting two basic tools--for the prevention and suppression must be organically. In preventive work, must be proactive in terms of manpower, material resources, financial resources and so prepared, so that in the event of fire, it can effectively fight.

Fire management in General, that is, according to the Socialist economic development law and economic development of the new era of the new situation and new features to determine the overall objective of fire management, adherence to the "prevention, anti-combination" approach, relying on the party and Government leaders at all levels, fully mobilize the masses, strict management, scientific management, administration, in order to effectively prevent and reduce fire hazards, to defend the construction of socialist modernization and the safety of the people's lives and property.

Its specific mission is to:

First, the constructionLi sound levels fire management agencies, select, appraisals, training all levels of fire management personnel;

2. develop a fire responsibility scheme, select and decide in the near future or forward fire management objectives;

III. conducting fire awareness education, universal access to knowledge, mobilize fire every community members to participate in fire management activities;

4. how to use the least amount of manpower, material resources, financial resources, time, adopt modern scientific management methods, to provide the best fire safety environment;

5. establish and improve the fire method, implemented in accordance with the management, strict management;

VI. on fire operations supervision, inspection, control and coordination.

Combustion is the substance of an exothermic chemical reaction of luminescence. Combustion does not just happen, it must meet certain conditions, that is:

First, to have fuel (whether solid, liquid, gas, air in the combustion of the material are called fuel);

Second, a combustion materials (those who can help and support for the combustion of biomass, combustion is called, such as air, antioxidants, etc.);

Third, to have a fire (all can cause fuel combustion in energy call of fire).

However, in some cases, although the three conditions of combustion, but due to the combustion of flammable substances, the quantity of matter, oxygen deficiency or a fire's heat, temperature enough or not interact, combustion cannot occur. Therefore, combustible material to burn also must have four complementary conditions:

First, you must have a certain quantity of flammable material that otherwise would not have occurred.

Second, there must be enough oxygen or oxidants.

Third, the fire must have a certain temperature and heat.

Fourth, the interaction between the combustion conditions.

There are many types of combustion, primarily Flash, fire, spontaneous combustion and explosion, etc.

Under certain temperature, flammable or combustible liquids (including a small amount can evaporate solids such as paraffin, camphor, naphthalene, etc.) produced by steam and air mixture reaches a certain concentration yuhuoyuan produces a Flash that is out of this combustion phenomena is called flashover. Liquid occurs flashover of minimum temperature, called Flash. Meet the Flash, it's burning speed and slow, the resulting vapour will only be able to maintain the moment of combustion, had time to supply new vapor continue burning down, so Flash it out. But fire flashover is often of ascariasis. Liquid flash point lower fire danger, it is the assessment of the main liquid fire risk.