【 Weak current College 】 fire research and architectural fireproof standard specification system

Fire is the loss of control of the spread of fire, in the development process for human life and property damage caused by the burning of a disastrous. Fire is a natural and social disaster occurrence probability most high, and the production and the life of the people most closely a disaster.

Fire is the most devastating disasters, according to statistics, from 1991 to 2000 years, China's total fire 88.8 million, causing 24564 deaths, 43422 disability, direct property losses 116.4 billion.

In fact, the more progress of society, the more developed cities, fire caused by the indirect losses will be ten times or times to their direct losses. To this end, human on fire, and the development of the law to take the appropriate precautionary measures for the long-term, sustained by scientific research.

Fire research is a system of cross-discipline. From the perspective of world development, current research on fire has entered into: the modern science-based, with the help of advanced computational and experimental methods for multi-level "fire touch" exploration of mechanism and regulation of fire, fire prediction model, establishing new methods of fire safety, new measures to promote the application of research and technological development.

As a "technical support" standards and specifications from the regulatory level, these technological achievements, the society's activities.

Fire technical regulations begins to ensure social stability and the people of life and property safety, standardize people corresponding social behavior, and on the related technical activities be practical guidance. Therefore, the existence of technical regulations on human technology acts first is a constraint, but also is a kind of assistance and maintenance.

Our fire technical standards and norms have decades of history, the standards and norms of mostly urban construction and construction engineering.

Modern city has a population of production concentration, focus, concentration, the concentration of wealth building and other basic features, accompanied by more flammable and combustible materials, fire danger source phenomenon, which led to the growth of urban fire loss is a worldwide trend towards this common rule.

China building fire protection engineering standard quantitative and qualitative change dramatically in the last 20 years, in the early 1980s when building standards, the overall performance is reduced, the technology content is low, the status of guidance in poor performance. With the rapid development of China's construction industry, the pace of urbanization is speeding up, various schools of architecture patterns, senior and the emergence of high-rise buildings, greatly contribute to the development of the standard specification. A large number of target high-rise building and engineering design, product development for callout, test methods and standards. It should be said that this series of standards and specifications is indeed for the whole community a harmonious development and to protect people's lives and property played a very important role. 1980s China high-rise building Phoenix hair squamous cell corner, but today there are tens of thousands of the country, extremely high visual impact of large buildings. What is gratifying is that there has been no large-scale construction of a comprehensive and rigorous implementation of the appropriate standards, and the massive fire and devastating damage.

China in the field of building fire, already in production, test methods, engineering design, construction, inspection and maintenance for the more link in the full realization of the standard.

Comprehensive, standard specification for building fire safety system has been implemented:

1. the international advanced standard in theory and practice on the implementation of a comprehensive set of standards;

2. at the national level appropriate standards of cohesion, embodies the systemic and complementarity;

3. the standards adopted by the basic specification and method with strong scientific and practical.

4. building an inclusive and follow up on new technologies, new products, new practices of the standard management mechanism.

In this sense, the country code for building fire safety standards and are fully equipped and international dialogue and output to less developed countries.

The fundamental purpose of the building fire safety is integrated to ensure the building's fire safety performance, also is to make the building's fire safety conditions corresponding to a certain standard. China's existing fire safety standards, specifications are built on top of some basic conditions:

A £ ® history has repeatedly been the type of the actual state of fire experience;

B £ ® a large number of modern scientific experiments, a collection of modern simulation results;

C £ ® this stage various effective technical preventive measures for support;

D £ ® national reality human and economic sustainability.

Fire safety design of the building, the main existing fire norms consider the three basic principles:

1. from the design to ensure that the building fell to an all-time low fire hazard;

2. most quickly among fire and most timely rely on fixed fire-extinguishing facilities;

3. ensure that the provisions of the building structure with a fire-resistant strength, to facilitate the building of the residents at the appropriate time, effectively evacuated safely. While the so-called building fire safety systems, based on the above basic set of principles established for the prevention of fire for the construction and building design all kinds of automatic and manual facility requirements.

In theory, can fire safety requirements into the fire safety standards requirements for active and passive fire protection safety standards require two most. Active fire protection system's basic functionality is the early detection and protection against fire, evacuation and reduce smoke damage. That is, people can take advantage of the most effective fire detection and fire fighting facilities, through the most secure and most concise routes and exits. And passive fire protection system requirements you must embody several basic features:

A £ ® will fire and smoke spread as far as possible, limited in space;

B £ ® limits the number of buildings in fuel and combustion speed;

C £ ® prevent local architectural structureAnd overall collapse;

D £ ® and active fire protection system for organic complementarity.

Architectural records at the history of human development, the promotion of a society towards a better future. Fire protection standards will effectively protect the mankind to create history.
(Author: Li engine, China Academy of building)