【 Weak current College 】 intelligent building fire alarm system design---Power By 【 China power house network 】

Summary: the article provides an overview of intelligent building fire alarm system design essentials, detection range and detectors, alarm area alarm controller settings, fire fighting equipment and control, automatic fire alarm system design must consider its connection interface and intelligent building of adaptability. Keywords: intelligent building fire detector fire alarm controller fire equipment adaptation of automatic fire alarm system to detect fire hazards, safety precautions, the intelligent building construction equipment automation system (CBS). 　　Intelligent building design of automatic fire alarm system must be consistent with the first GB50116-98 the automatic fire alarm system design code requirements, but also to adapt to the characteristics of the intelligent construction, the reasonable matching product, achieves safety applicable, advanced technology, reasonable economy. Automatic fire alarm system is generally divided into three forms design: regional fire auto-alarm system, central fire alarm system and the control centre of the alarm system. 　　The basic features of the intelligent construction, the control centre of the alarm system is the most suitable way. Intelligent building in automatic fire alarm system design essentials is the guarded object: it fires burning characteristics determine the type of fire; according to the required protection area of the site; in accordance with the total number of fire detectors and other warning device (such as hand newspaper) quantify fire alarm controller's total capacity; press of alarm zone settings area alarm controller; under fire-fighting equipment determine linkage control mode; press fire extinguishing requirements determine the alarm and linkage of logic; and finally also the automatic fire alarm system and intelligent building "3AS" (building automation system, communication automation system, Office automation system) of adaptability. 1 fire detector design matching fire detectors are automatic fire alarm system objects divided into smoke detector and heat detector, temperature sensitive fire smoke on composite fire detectors and gas detector, according to its measurement and control range can be divided into point-fire detectors and linear detector. 　　Point-fire detectors can only to a certain point in the range of alert surrounding temperature, smoke, and other parameters to control, such as point-type ion, point-violet flame detector, point-type heat fire detectors, linear detector can alert a line in the range around smoke, temperature probe, such as infrared beam line detector, laser line fire detectors, cable-style heat fire detectors, commonly used fire detector performance features and application as shown in table 1. Table 1 common fire detector comparison table detector type classification features scope notes smoke detector point ion sensing smoke detector sensitivity is high, has a long history with mature technology, stable performance, flame fire reaction most sensitive hotel rooms, office buildings, libraries, theaters, postal and other public places point type photoelectric smoke detector sensitivity is high, on humid airflow perturbation of large places adaptability ibid. susceptible to electromagnetic interference, scattered light-dark smoke not sensitive infrared beam [laser] linear smoke detector detection range, reliability and environmental adaptability, good Exhibition Center, Studio Hall, Town Hall, Stadium, theatre and other non blocking the big space. 　　Vulnerable to infrared, ultraviolet light interference; detection of sight susceptible to blocking thermal detectors-point temperature sensor detector performance stability, reliability and environmental adaptability, good kitchen, boiler rooms, underground garage, smoking room, the higher the cost, installation maintenance inconvenient cable type linear heat detector ibid. electric cable shaft, power transformation and distribution equipment, various belt transfer institutions, and other cost is relatively high, installs the maintenance inconvenient flame detector on the open fire responded quickly, detection range wide variety of fuel in the engine room, fuel storage library, and so there is a strong fire flame and a small amount of smoke hot sites vulnerable to Sun and other light interference; detection is obscured lens easily contaminated composite detector detection fire smoke temperature signal, detection accuracy, high reliability with linkage system, a single detector cannot confirm the price of your fire place, high-cost intelligent buildings should smoke detector selection, selection of individual should not smoke detector, should choose the heat fire detector. 1.2 detection area detector set points standard requirements: General fire detection area to separate rooms divided detection area of each room should at least set a detector. 　　In the open or closed staircases, fire the elevator room, corridors, ramps, pipeline well, boring top, mezzanine, etc should be a separate division of the detection area, set the corresponding detectors, internal space open and the light show at the door of a room can be divided into a large area of detection area, but its maximum area cannot exceed 1000m 2. 　　Detector set is determined by the protection area in General, every probe protection area and protection RADIUS determines, to consider the room height, roof slope, the sensitivity of the detector itself on three main factors, but in a beam ceiling, set detectors must take into account the effect of highlighting ceiling beams, as shown in table 2 and table 2 highlights the ceiling height or beam spacing on the detector set of beam height or net margin impact height "200mm regardless of height 200 ~ press room height 600mm and beam interrupted beam area determine detectors protect area and a probe protection of beam number height between regional 600mm was beam ＞ partition of each beam at least setting between regional 1 > only probe beam spacing when the" 1m without considering in addition, when setting up fire detectors, but also intelligent construction Interior aisle width, to the end wall of the distance, the distance between the wall beam edges, air conditioning vents distance and Atrial Septal, etc.　　1.3 detector total determine first determine a detection area required to set the number of probes, the calculation formula is: · N = S÷ KA type in: N-detector quantity (only), integer; S —-the detection area (m 2), A-protection area-detector(M 2) K-correction factor
Premium protection objects of 0.7 ~ 0.8
Level protection object of 0.8 ~ 0.9
Secondary protection objects of 0.9 ~ 1.0.
Note: smoke and heat detector is this formula. Smart building full detection area required and the architecture you need to configure the total number of probes. 2 fire alarm controller design matching fire alarm controller is the automatic fire alarm central system, which accepts signals and analysis, in the event of fire, it immediately issued a fire signal and start the fire-fighting equipment, computer technology makes traditional switch quantity more wire automatic fire alarm system has been analog bus system for automatic fire alarm system bus system for the automatic fire alarm system, current technology awarded the substitution type intelligent automatic fire alarm system is also widely used. 　　Analog bus system for automatic fire alarm system and an intelligent automatic fire alarm system has been developed on the basis of computer technology, are available as selection of intelligent building products. 2.1 alarm zone of alarm zone in accordance with the protection level for intelligent buildings, fire resistance ratings, reasonable correct classification. Specification provides the "alarm zone should be based on the Division of fire partitions or floors. 　　"That is in alarm zone, you can also layer of several fire partitions to an alarm. 　　Special emphasis will be on the same partition several fire alarm zone, only on the same floor and not across the floor. 2.2 determine regional fire alarm controller capacity regional fire alarm Controller General press fire partition set, and the determination of their capacity, depending on the warning area within the addressed detection equipment. Alarm area addressing detection equipment, not just interested smoke temperature or other types of fire detectors, also including the alarm zone alarm button, fire hydrant and alarm buttons, as well as through the control module to convert signal flow instructions, water pressure switch, etc. For example, a model fire alarm controller 4 loop × 128 detection points, that is, each control loops control the 128 addressing detection, intelligent building an alarm area addressing equipment total 400, the automatic fire alarm controller meets the zone alarm. 　　Assuming that the alarm range 600 detection addressing points, there is a clear need for second this type controllers (generally in this case, you should choose the single capacity meet 600 detection addressing points required product area alarm controller). General fire alarm controller marked capacity is the single controller's maximum capacity, in order to ensure the automatic fire alarm system is capable of high efficiency and high reliability of work, the actual design of the circuit detection point to consider certain information. In this connection, article 5.1.2 G50106-98 are clearly defined. 　　Comprehensive consideration of building structures and construction, and other factors, automatic fire alarm system regional fire alarm every circuit design capacity should be the actual nominal capacity of 80 ~ 50%. 2.3 determine concentrated fire alarm controller in automatic fire alarm and coordinated control system, central fire alarm controller matching, on the one hand, to meet the entire work of automatic fire alarm system, and on the other hand, it should also be equipped with intelligent building control system in other communication interface. Mainly include the following: (1) and various alarm zone zone fire alarm controller communication features.
(2) processing of the entire system alarm information, fault information, linkage information;
(3) should be started under fire, fire fighting equipment and show their status;
(4) and other intelligent building control system communication interface. 　　3 fire fighting equipment control fire fighting equipment are automatic fire alarm system components, fire control rooms receive fire information should be automatic or manual start the appropriate fire fighting equipment. 3.1 intelligent building should possess fire fighting equipment and functions according to architectural design fire protection standard and intelligent building fire-fighting, smart buildings should have the following in full or in part, fire fighting equipment: (1) fire alarms and emergency broadcasting, fires warning or notification of personnel transfers;
(2) fire dedicated telephone, fire alarm, the query conditions, emergency dispatching, to express the "119";
(3) non-fire power control, fire emergency lighting and the led control evacuation;
(4) fire hydrant pumps and spray pumps, fire-fighting; when implementing
(5) fire elevator operation control;
(6) pipeline gas fire extinguishing systems, foam extinguishing systems and fire extinguishing system, confirmed the implementation of fire;
(7) fire doors, fire shutter, fire protection control valves, fire fire separated to prevent implementation of fire spread;
(8) smoke exhaust fan, air conditioning and ventilation equipment, air valve, exhaust valve well behaved, prevent smoke spread provides life-saving protection. 　　3.2 fire fighting equipment of linkage requirements for fire, the fire alarm controller alarm information, fire linkage controller under fire information management Department of the linkage between output signal for the linkage of fire equipment fire-fighting operation. Fire linkage must be in "automatic" and "manual" State. In automatic, intelligent building fire alarm system in accordance with the prior preparation of the linkage between the logic of fire alarm, the output automatically control directive, startup related equipment. 　　The manual should be based on manual operations, achieve the corresponding control. 　　Fire-fighting equipment and linkage requirements shown in table 3. Table 3 requirements for fire protection equipment and fire-fighting equipment, fire linkage to confirm the linkage requirements for fire alarms and emergency radio 1. The second layer and above the floor on fire, you should connect the fire floor and adjacent lower level
2. the first floor on fire, you should reach this layer, the second floor and all strata
> 3. basement fire, you should connect the underground floors and first floor
4. contain more than one-story building fire partitions, you should connect the burning fire partition non-fire power box for parts all cut fire emergency lighting and emergency evacuation of all relevant parts of the lamp lit indoor hydrant system of water sprinkler system 1. Control system start-up and shutdown
2. display the status of work of fire pumps
3. display the location of the fire button
4. display flow indicator, alarm valve, safety valve for other fire extinguishing system pipeline gas extinguishing system 1. display a system's automatic, manual work status
2. in alarm, injection phases corresponding sound and light alarm and display a protection zone alarm status
3. in the delay period, automatic fire doors and shutting down the site and cease fire damper, ventilation and air conditioning system and display the work State foam extinguishing systems
Dry powder fire extinguishing system 1. Control system start-up and shutdown
2. show the system working status other fire safety equipment for fire doors on either side of the fire, the fire doors are automatically closed and closed signal feedback back to fire control room fire shutter evacuation channel:
1. smoke alarm, shutter fell to the floor 1.8m Department
2. temperature sensor alarm, shutter down to the end
Fireproofing:
Detector alarm after the shutter down what facilities and air conditioning smoke ventilation facilities 1. Stop the relevant parts of the air conditioning, close the fire damper and accept their feedback signal
2. start the relevant parts of the smoke exhaust fan, exhaust valve, etc., and to receive their feedback signal
3. control the vertical wall of smoke and smoke control installations 4 automatic fire alarm system and intelligent building wiring and adaptation of as automatic fire alarm system with special status, making it the wiring installation, unlike other intelligent building control system. 　　The selection of the cables and wiring means an automatic alarm device to meet the technical criteria, such as its alarm transmission line most requires use of twisted-pair; 2 to fulfill certain mechanical strength, three to put pipe protection, concealed or flame retardant measures four to daylight and other low-voltage system cable shaft layout separately, five to the transmission network is not shared with other transport networks. From the concept of intelligent building, automatic fire alarm system and its linkage control should belong to the building automation system (ABS) areas, automatic fire alarm system inventory management requirements, in particular its alarm cable linkage line. Communication line Basic is self-contained, and intelligent building cabling systems are quite different, but the development of intelligent buildings and the automatic fire alarm system matures, the combination of the application will close. Lies in the intelligent construction design matching the automatic fire alarm system, it is important to consider both the connection interface on the adapter. Make them run in installation, to the best way. References GB50116-98 the automatic fire alarm system design specifications ", national quality technology supervision Bureau, the Ministry of construction joint publishing. People's Republic of China 1998.12.07