【 Weak current college 】 building fire facilities construction of defects---Power By 【 China power house network 】

Summary: the article combined with the daily inspection of fire protection system and acceptance testing, analysis of building fire facilities to a number of quality problems, and find the root cause, some measures and practices.

Fire facilities building services engineering construction is an important component of building a essential construction and installation engineering. Along with building height, breadth of growing and people's standard of living continues to improve, on fire with water safety, reliability of water supply and building the capacity to resist fire put forward higher requirements. In addition to the design and material equipment selection factors, to a large extent need construction and installation of quality assurance. Construction quality is good or bad, will have a direct impact on the architecture of the normal operation of fire fighting facilities. From day-to-day construction quality supervision and inspection and acceptance of the construction process, there are still some problems, the following building fire some defects in construction.

Major problems existed in the

1 fire water network of common diseases

(1) fire-fighting water supply network pressure test fails construction plan and specification requirements. Pipe pressure test score leak repair and strength tests carried out in two steps. Leak in atmospheric or slightly up pressure state and pressure strength test points and test pressure in two stages. At present, some sites are only for pipeline leak test or pressure test, does not comply with the design and specification requirements, thus giving the system properly brought trouble. In accordance with the specifications, network installation has been completed, should be strength and tightness test. For potable water and fire water pipe, test pressure for the pipe work pressure 1.5 times and ≥ 0.6MPa. Strength test is under the pressure of the pipeline network in experimental 10min, pressure ≤ 0.05MPa is qualified. Then the test pressure slowly fall to work under pressure, check no leakage, the tightness test is qualified. For automatic sprinkler systems, when designing working pressure ¡ü1 .0MPa, water pressure strength test pressure for design work pressure 1.5 times and ≥ 1.4MPa; when the design pressure > 1.0MPa, water pressure strength test pressure shall be the working pressure 0.4MPa. Water pressure strength test is network stability under pressure in the experiment, the pressure ≤ 30min 0.05MPa is qualified. While the pressure tightness test should water pressure strength test and pipeline flush after passing the test pressure shall be designed to work under pressure regulator 24h, no leakage is qualified.

(2) the existence of individual project will plastic water pipe for fire water pipe or in building plastic water supply pipeline and fire water pipe, due to the strength of plastic pipe after heated, once the fire has caused damage to a pipeline to transport fire water, unable to control and extinguish fires early; plastic pipe if and fire water pipe connection, fire, damage to the plastic pipe, prone to leakage, you cannot guarantee fire flow and pressure. Therefore in fire water supply system should use the pipe.

1.2 indoor and outdoor hydrant system faults

(1) the pressure of the indoor hydrant installation does not meet the requirements. First, some concealed within the walls of the upper portion of the fire box opening lintel without setting, in the case of deformation under loading, leading to poor opening the door; the second is to randomly change the fire hydrant bottom hole location reserved, and used for gas welding and cutting hole, resulting in a outlet for fire protection design direction after installation cannot set fire hydrant into the wall, or 90 ° angle and the distance around too small, resulting in fire hose cannot install to a fire hydrant or water band formation affect yield bent; the third is for building large, structure and function of complex buildings are only satisfied the most negative point fire hydrant water pressure requirements, while neglecting the time negative point fire hydrant water requirements. In order to enhance such buildings fire water supply reliability, should meet the most negative point fire hydrant water pressure requirements, you should also consider a negative point fire hydrant water pressure and time.

(2) in the underground pump adapter and underground fire hydrant installation, not in strict accordance with the standard Atlas installed in local soil layer and hydrant suppositories are not installed on the outlet valve. In addition, because of the construction personnel assume nothing often underground pump adapter and underground fire hydrant confusion caused two features of different facilities instead install or repeat the installation.

(3) the fire box and attachment problems. The first was during the second renovation process fire box obscured by ornament, decoration material around the door of body color and the color of the door of distinct; second fire hose and tie next, at the interface connector is not installed, result in the card spring water at interfaces and water shedding.

1.3 sprinkler system faults

(1) the automatic sprinkler system construction and acceptance of clearly stipulates: "the network is installed, when the pipe nominal diameter ≤ 100mm, thread connection should be used; when pipe nominal diameter > 100mm, can be welded or flange connection; when pipe nominal diameter ≥ 50mm, each equipped with water dry pipe or pipes set baffled bracket should be ≤ 1; when the pipeline changes direction, there should be baffled bracket. "In practical engineering, construction convenient, nominal diameter < 100mm frequently used welding of piping, most of the project pipeline is not baffled bracket installed.

(2) thermal printhead with the surrounding object distance does not meet specifications. Result in fire, because the nozzle distances with the floor, the temperature sensor components can not be timely action, delay time and the water was on fire, or nozzle spacing surrounding objects too close, the existence of fire water sprays the protection scope of risk.

(3) due consideration in the design, in part due to the detailed engineering shower system or even not set eqnipment, part of the spray system eqnipment installed in a public corridor, there is no drainage or leakage, resulting in the supervision and inspection of pressure or when not in force during outflow of water from the drainage system rapidly drained away.

(4) when the ventilation duct width > 1.2m, the nozzle was installed in the lower abdomen and layoutSurface following and brushing, whitewashed ceiling, paint spraying in the nozzle, if there is a fire, the system can not be timely actions or narrowing the scope of protection.

(5) water alarm is not set on the public channel or walls of the signal. When you use the site there is a fire sprinkler system is powered up, the alarm sounds cannot be on duty officers or other personnel protection place to discover, resulting in unnecessary loss of property and casualty, and after the fire fight water control valve not conveniently close and maintenance checks.

(6) the roof fire water tank installation does not meet the requirements. Fire water and other water tank with water merge, often neglected or construction is not done for fire-fighting water technical facilities to meet fire water tank should be stored 10min fire water consumption norm requirements. Also, feel free to change the location of the fire-fighting water supply pipe and check valve is not set, and the water supply pipe on the introduction of unnecessary valve and could have a fire of a used only sets a supply pipe, causing the installation cannot guarantee the normal fire water or fire, water tank can not be timely water supply.

2 common roots exist

2.1 construction team personnel quality uneven, and different

Most construction unit focused only on the economic benefits, for the architectural engineering construction think that as long as the Foundation, structure, and other important aspects of a problem, but on other construction installation works at will lower the standard. Furthermore, in fire-fighting facilities construction, the lack of appropriate talent and do not have the time to fire facilities monitoring with scientific testing methods and the use of advanced technology, stable performance, test devices. The lack of political and technical quality excellent, familiar with the test methods and test equipment, and after examination of the test personnel, so for this type of construction only stay on the surface, but did not reflection for technology and application of science, uniform testing and test methods.

2.2 building management units for fire management is weak, thought assume nothing

Any fire facilities should always maintain a good working condition, the need for system components for regular maintenance management to meet fire resistance, timely control and extinguish fires. But in reality these management units should not do a daily check, test and check for the quarter, year, and test and inspection work, not on fire auto-alarm device detector, automatic sprinkler systems, fire-fighting facilities of nozzle for specialized cleaning as well as to the fire water pipe sand, resulting in fire protection installations after establishing good "has been sleeping" sporadically.

2.3 various pipes and equipment depends on the quality

At present, around constantly introduced a variety of new development of drainage pipes, common: thin-walled stainless steel tubes, copper tubes, PVC pipe, steel pipes, PEX pipes, ductile iron pipe and aluminum-plastic composite pipe, etc. Since the brand shops, quality depends on the construction of shoddy, not understanding the product performance and more serious. In addition, in the construction of fire facilities, but the beautiful facilities and equipment, without considering the use of performance, operability and product quality, without neglecting the phenomenon seriously.

2.4 establishing fire protection equipment installation design, construction and acceptance.

Nowadays in the installation and supervision and inspection process, you can only follow the original specifications and relevant industry standards such as the building design fire protection standard) (GBJ16-87), the senior civil building design fire protection standard) (GB50045-95), the automatic sprinkler system design code (GBJ50084-2001), the automatic sprinkler system installation and acceptance (GB50261-96), the building drainage design code (GBJl5-88), the construction of water supply and sewerage and heating engineering construction quality approval standard (GB50242-2002).

3 current engineering countermeasures in existing defects

Construction of the above problems, fully exposed the fire protection system hidden engineering installation, commissioning, indoor decoration works are not standardized, insecurity firefighting product quality, the fire system features do not meet standard requirements. To this end shall promptly trace construction fire facilities construction process, we must resolutely put an end to construction, construction units not complying with the national fire technical specification and the approved construction drawings, arbitrarily reduced technical standards, issues such as changing the design. Severe administrating construction violations violation, prevent buried under "natural fire hazard" and do the following:

3.1 to develop practical measures that focus on the implementation, effectiveness, especially from the "source", to prevent the emergence of congenital fire hazard.

Supervise construction units strictly fulfill the duties of safe production, strengthen the management of subcontractors. From engineering design, construction, project management, and various links in the strict, ensure security, eliminate all types of accident. Specific methods that you can take: one is the use of multiple media means publicity fire laws and regulations, the community of the fire service, and create social atmosphere of the "great fire"; the second is the Government Department should strengthen the linkages and collaboration, makes the building works in the approval stage is to start the Fire Department's supervision. Those without the Fire Department agrees to construction work, other departments are not handling procedures. At the stop construction units not applying, not acceptance occur; the third is the social unit of legal representative or the responsible course organized fire knowledge, focusing on the fire service law, the authorities, organizations, enterprises and institutions to fire safety regulations for the administration of learning, enhance fire safety responsibility consciousness, specifically should responsibilities, let them from the heart to truly focus from fire.

3.2 related departments should enhance the local fire protection engineering construction site inspection

On the building safety in production responsibility system is not implemented, construction safety management system, construction safety oversight and supervisory staff unclear responsibilities, Building construction and installation of not strictly carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State, to find together, and together, completely reversing the building fire safety engineering management is not strict. To strengthen the execution of the construction site to implement strict punishment, periodically check the pipe, for not complying with the map construction, altering the building structure, fire-fighting facilities ordered corrective action and overdue correction according to stop construction and significant fines, maintenance of fire protection law of seriousness. Fire departments and acceptance through the building works, to do a day-to-day supervision and inspection of fire discovered fire facilities, equipment damage to supervise unit firmly grasp the rectification, you sure make the building fire safety facilities at the crucial moment.

3.3 strengthen the fire protection facilities Inspection Agency for development and testing of fire protection products

For buildings in fire-fighting facilities at project completion after acceptance, acceptance of staff can only be viewed through the eyes, at best, just make a water test site, and then observe the water pressure and water are qualified to do in-depth inspection. This requires strengthening the fire facility inspection agency for construction and development, completion approval when you can use this intermediary powerful technological tools and test equipment for the building is full of scientific testing and inspection reports issued by the appropriate, contribute to building the fire system truly play a role in improving the capacity to resist fire building. Additionally, for buildings in fire protection products, including fire-fighting equipment and pipes, must provide the national fire protection administration for quality supervision and inspection center of building materials and building products quality supervision and inspection center inspection qualified inspection report and the report on time with the latest bulletin of time.

3.4 focus on construction workers about safety standards, construction site safety operation training

First of all should strengthen construction site safety in production responsibility system of sound and responsible for implementation, and specification of work safety management and increase the safety input, so that construction workers on from ideology. Second action should regulate construction jobs, in strict accordance with the rules of operation for the various safety, to prohibit free hot job and moving electron. Increase construction technician, construction supervision, construction unit responsible for fire safety, management, personnel, fire training, enabling them to become proficient, fire high quality, improve security and reliability of a professional expert buildings.

With the construction approval, construction and acceptance of a long-term restriction mechanism and fire-technical regulations continues to improve, the broad masses of cadres fire growing legal consciousness, new fire-fighting water supply piping materials, production process and fire-fighting equipment of continuous improvement, in summing up the work should continue in the design and construction and installation process, lessons learned, perfecting and improving the overall level of the installation process, enhance the capacity of the building to withstand fire, strive to provide the community with a full-featured, robust, attractive architectural masterpiece.

Reference documents

1 the building design fire protection standard law, 2001 Edition, GBJl6-87

2 the automatic sprinkler system installation and acceptance of GB50261-96

3 Shanghai Science and technology press People's Republic of China Ministry of knitting. the fire prevention manual