【 Weak current College 】 textile production enterprise of fire safety management-Power By 【 China power house network 】

Textile production enterprise is the production of cotton, wool, hemp textile and silk. According to the production of raw materials, can be divided into cotton, wool, hemp and silk, such as production type. Textile production of raw materials such as cotton, wool, linen, silk, textile, and air contact surface is small, easy to burn. Cotton, linen, etc. There are characteristics of smoldering and spontaneous combustion. In the production process, not only processes, machinery and equipment complex, power consumption, open flames high and a large amount of dust emissions, under certain conditions occur fiber dust explosion, textile production enterprise of fire risk considerably.
　　
The following will focus on cotton textile production enterprise of fire safety.
　　
Cotton textile manufacturing enterprises are cotton or synthetic fiber as raw material, the use of open and loose, carding, and close, drafting, twisting and winding and weaving, finishing and other processing means that scattered irregular fiber processing into the fabric of the enterprise.
　　
1. cotton textile production enterprise of fire risk

1. raw materials are combustible, spontaneous
Cotton is a porous cellulose of, its main ingredient is cellulose, content up to 94: 5%. These are carbohydrate cellulose with combustible nature. As a small cotton fibers, there are many pores, and oxygen in the air, the contact surface and air inside the pores, thus even caught a tiny spark, it quickly caught fire and spread rapidly. Cotton's ignition temperature low than wood, wood General in 295 ° c about 150 ℃ or so only cotton, cotton burn faster than wood fast 16-25 times or more.
　　
Cotton and spontaneous combustion. Mainly because it has the characteristics of the moisture absorption, contains a certain amount of moisture cotton thermal conductivity, heat powder not out, temperature will rise, causing fibers moldy Rancidity, further decomposition oxidation. Thus, the higher the temperature, the heat accumulation of conditions, in the absence of outside sources of ignition and heat source occurs spontaneous combustion, contaminated oil of cotton makes it easier to spontaneous combustion.
　　
2. production process has a fire hazard
(1) impact and friction sparks. In the cleaning process, cotton and cleaning use Plucker, blending, open machine, dust etc. scutcher and mechanical equipment, since the speed is fast, small mechanical clearance, such as a hard and sundry, or disorder, rotating mechanical parts components lack of lubrication and other reasons, will produce frictional heat or sparks, fire; card speed is high, small, easy to gauge due to impact and friction and burns; frame automaticly stop motion, causing the volume roller, volume roller cannot stop, cotton fiber volume roller or roller, high friction 2-3 seconds, it will heat Burns; weaving workshop machines, vibration, environmental humidity often exposed wires and power phase. At the same time, some of the moving parts, if rotation is not flexible, often lead to friction heat, fire; the spindle speed spinning quickly, generally in more than 1500 turns per minute, easy to heat and friction.
　　
(2) electrical sparks fire. Improper use of electrical appliances, will produce ignition spark and cotton; at the same time the production is the use of low-voltage power, easy to spark; spinning process cotton easy around the cylinder axis. Automatic spinning machine, although there is a proprietor (typically a 36 Volt) conductive track, short circuit, and the bad of the EDM is still a fire hazard. Due to improper operation, when spinning or yarn does not cut off the power, and other conductive body touch, causing a short circuit in the brand, winding machine switch contact and guide rail line between the spark is too large, lit neighborhood clean adverse accumulation of flying and burst into flames.
　　
(3) consolidation of irons and wash grease solvent use mismanaged, fire accident occurs often.
　　
Second, cotton textile production enterprise of fire safety measures

1. cleaning process of fire prevention measures
(1) clear impurities, eliminate vulnerabilities
① When unpacking not heavy metal percussion packaging, iron and iron wire, so as not to hit Mars. Remove the metal etc. to timely clean, not promiscuous.
　　
② When mixing a small amount, small mixed, timely picked out debris of raw cotton.
　　
③ in cotton mouth transmission cotton drapes before perfecting the metal detector or magnets, clear the iron impurities.
　　
④ in mechanical equipment installation, maintenance, to strict inventory tool, and discovery tools, are not allowed to drive a car; remove small parts shall be placed in misplaces, specifically the small box.
　　
⑤ back to flowers, recycled cotton must undergo before use. Back to be torn powder used to prevent mechanical shaft around live fire caused the fever.
　　
(2) mechanical clearance to accurately to ensure lubrication, prevent shock friction heat
① all stretched out part of the extended distance and internal clearance must be accurate, consistent with the process specifications, so as not to increase the catch cotton resistance, friction heat and fire.
　　
② all parts should be secured against loosening, spark may hit each other easily.
　　
③ drapes part except radial gauge, the axial displacement should be strictly controlled to prevent and wall friction fire.
　　
④ suction cotton dust using blowers, it leaves no and casing and to avoid colliding with EDM, caused by cotton dust combustion.
　　
⑤ mechanical moving parts on time and keep rotating lubricating oil.
　　
⑥ bearing oil as possible in that Department, in order to refuel, and achieve oil eyes clear, tubing, make the necessary oil parts are lubricated. In order to prevent oil eyes blocked due to the lack of oil friction heating, use of rolling oil and oil-impregnated bearings, bearing
　　
(3) the electrical equipment must be secure to prevent sparks
① electrical lines and equipments to meet the moisture-proof and shock-proof; distribution box, etc. should be installed in non-collision and proper protective equipment.
　　
② motor shouldUse closed-end, into the line must have a solid safety casing, belt tension to moderate.
　　
③ electrical circuits and equipment should be regular maintenance, timely clear accumulation of flying. Telescopic conveying pipe fitted cotton wire, because long-term fold, insulating layer easily damaged, you should frequently check and found that damage to the timely replacement.
　　
(4) fly to prevent a large number of cleared debris
　　
① should periodically clear the workshop and return air typical of flying and spent flowers, filter dust-collecting room easily burst into flames should be isolated with workshop, discovered fire, must immediately turn off the fan, and to filter check fire mist Eliminator, exterminate.
　　
② operations, you must diligently roving, observing, exclusion, roller bearing, beaters on winding of featurettes, cotton yarn, cotton, etc. Discover the flames should stop to feed the output of cotton, continue to be put out completely, fire extinguishing and want to check there is no cotton inside to avoid recirculation of smoldering phenomenon.
　　
③ removal parlors of raw storage capacity, shall not affect the production of minimizing, and to be the "first-in" to prevent the storage of raw cotton too long moldiness metamorphic, fever of spontaneous combustion.
　　
④ motor vehicles into the removal parlors, you must install the spark arrester.
　　
⑤ raw cotton and steamed don't get close to motors, transformers and electrical switches, electrical spark ignition outriggers.
　　
2. carding process of fire prevention measures
(1) you must keep the taker and feed plate, dust removal tool, Xilin, large (small) leaks the bottom and around Xilin and cover, Teppanyaki, Randolph. To prevent loosing shift to avoid the collision that sparks fire.
　　
(2) Pack clothing when former mill iron tyres should not be too heavy, at the same time, isolating enclosures to prevent sparks fly out.
　　
(3) the mill-needle before clearing of flying, mill-needle should not be too heavy, so as not to produce sparks ignite flying.
　　
(4) use the chop knife stripping machine, cut knife oil should regularly refuel, prevent sliding friction heating oil shortage.
　　
(5) the touch metallic welding, electrocautery and electric welding must be in service operations and is responsible for oversight.
　　
(6) action should prevent breakage caused by Randolph back to flowers and friction Xilin stuck and fire.
　　
Cleaning wipe thoroughly, especially flying on the device should be cleaned.
　　
3. does article process of fire prevention measures
(1) drawing frame must prevent automaticly stop motion of a short circuit, automatic stop device for absorbing iron should be regularly checked and replaced to prevent the iron core stuck or fall, resulting in fever of iron absorption on fire rings.
　　
(2) the operator should strengthen the roving, automatic stop device malfunction was found to be processed in a timely manner, or install the alarm system to prevent the rollers caused friction flamboyant around heating fires.
　　
4. fine-process technical measures of fire
(1) the spinning frame bearing installation and refueling can reference the "cleaning" operations. Spindles for high-speed rotating parts, must be regularly refuel.
　　
(2) tapes after should immediately replace the broken to avoid winding drum heating fires. If it is wound on the drum, closed car, spindle stop spinning before replacement.
　　
(3) when the burst cylinder unsoldering, should regularly maintenance.
　　
(4) the doffer conductive flat iron should often rust, brush and conductive flat iron contact should always check to prevent bad, a spark. Brush brushing should be installed before and after, to clear xiaomao trough lingers on. Clean the roller electric needle use conductive flat iron, should prevent bad and excitor.
　　
(5) automatic machine operation, to prevent the tube rolling friction than 5 mm entering the tank, causing a fire.
　　
(6) automatic small motor should regularly check the wiring, beware because of improper cleaning work so that the exposed wires come off or joints, causing a short circuit of the fire.
　　
(7) spinning unit-to-use paints and solvents, must be responsible for the custody, deposited in the dangerous goods warehouse.
　　
5. sizing process of fire prevention measures
(1) additional sizing agent has strong acid and alkali, to strengthen the custody, on-site not more days of consumption, the workshop should maintain good ventilation.
　　
(2) drying drum sizing machine valves is prohibited to place any heavy objects, so as not to increase the load, causing relief valve failure.
　　
(3) sizing drying can construct, installations and operation of the boiler should be consistent with the provisions and requirements, and ensure safe and reliable.
　　
6. the weaving process of fire prevention measures
(1) the weaving workshop for electrical wiring insulation performance is better, the electrical equipment should be aware of the maintenance.
　　
(2) the foot-lever rotor (cast iron) if not flexible, and easy rotation friction fire should instead use nylon rotor.
　　
(3) the center axis stepping up the Bay bearing, curved shaft bearings and shaft bearings and other centres of high-speed operation part, you should keep rotating flexible, Center alignment; operation not lack of oil to prevent friction heat, sparks fly.
　　
(4) to strengthen the clean work, timely and clear the car flying fish.
　　
7. the finishing process of fire prevention measures
(1) inspection machine, brush machine, folding machine and machine should remain operational flexibility, bearing no lack of oil.
　　
(2) the iron should install led and thermostat. Use should be can't heat conduction is not burning base, work should be cut off the power, the collection held by hand in noncombustible material suitcase, and strictly personal, group and workshop-check system.
　　
(3) cleaning traces of solvent, such as banana water, gasoline, to a small amount of storage, container should be stamped, after work should have the specialist is responsible for the lock on a dedicated box.
　
8. dust facilities and fire protection solutions, mist Eliminator filter
Dust and dust Chamber often have a large number of I, cotton dust, fire and explosion hazards.
　　
(1) filter is a separate building, mist Eliminator as far as possible, such as the proximity to the workshop should have isolation facilities.
　　
(2) dust facilities duct outlet nearby non-existent impurities, nails, nuts, etc. are not permitted to fall to the ground, from being sucked people duct, striking sparks. Suction to the duct inner metal impact sound, should immediately be checked carefully.
　　
(3) filter dust and dust chamber I, dust cleaning, in a timely manner is not a large number of stacked. In the event of fire, must immediately turn off the fan, and to check the fire mist Eliminator filter.