【 Weak current College 】 large shopping malls in fire shutter design

As cities in the development of trade and commerce, commercial buildings to large-scale, high level of development, building size, business sites, use of shared space and escalators and the plane appear large opening area.

Therefore, this type of architecture in the Division of fire partitions are often complex fire shutter instead of firewall to meet commercial rooms spacious, permeability, etc. Large projects often require setting up dozens or even hundreds of fire shutter. So how do you ensure the shutter should fire function? "automatic fire alarm system design specifications" (hereinafter referred to as the "beep specifications") on fire shutter control raised the matter of principle. In my view, from a practical point of view, on the separate fire partition fire shutter system control, it is also necessary to further summarize the key points and regulate the practices of control.



Figure a, fire partition map

The following, for example a shopping centre for analysis and comparison to major shopping malls in fire shutter control problems, Figure 1 is a shopping centre in the underground fire curtain floor plans, the figure is divided into four fire partitions, central to escalators and shared space, there are a total of 28 fire curtain.

First, fire shutter blocking fire control connection modes

Automatic fire alarm linkage control systems for information transmission line, the line to have more lines system, bus systems, multiple line and bus system in several ways of combining, coordinated control system, on a variety of control objects in the control mode is diverse, this article according to the number of control shutter control is divided into individual shutter control (single-control), area control (district), group control (control group).

1. single-control way

Each fire shutter is set to a control unit, fire upon confirmation, the linkage control into its reduction to the median (distance 1.8 m) and the bottom bit two steps of the action, and receives its signals from the limit switch.

For multiple-line control, in large and medium-sized system because of its control line too much, install more complex, the point of failure and less used. The bus system programming control, each shutter are equipped with automatic fire alarm equipment production factory of shaping product control module for addressing control, this control is relatively straightforward, the system wiring simplified. But because the control module is expensive, but the number is used, the higher the cost. The author believes this approach applies only to fire curtain number system.

2. the district approach

Setting a fire Division closed all fire shutter as a group, only the location of a group of moderate fire shutter configuration addressing control module (the shutter can be called the module control-shutter, as shown in Figure 1, a total of four fire compartment located 4 modules control-type fire shutter is), our other shutter by module controlled shutter electrical cabinet in extended relay control (multiple lines).

Fire shutter group, no longer shutter with a single stroke of the switch, but rather to the entire fire shutter at the arrival place to confirm. Each fire shutter in bits (or lower) of the normally open contact journey switch to "and" relationship, received addressing input module, make a fire control rooms have shutter group status.

From Figure 1 can be seen in the combination of fire curtain features four fire compartment comprises 28 fire shutter, each area required linkage of shutter count of ten, there will always be some roller shutter is a public status. For example, I district fire upon confirmation, the fire shutter JL1, JL2, JL3 accompanying closed the shutter with actions drop; when IV district fire resistance, also at the same time closed IV district of shutter with action. This is also the way of control district, in the design of the control line is going to notice that this class shutter should possess can accept two control signal control functions.

Implementation of district manner, to the original fire shutter of electronic control box schematics for larger modifications.

(1) DC relay open contact number is 10, but it is necessary to accept the instruction action, and to accept the instructions of the neighbouring area, actions directly start rolling door drop AC contactors.

(2) limit switch selection for two normally open contacts, one on and closed all the district fire shutter of normally open contacts in series, and the other on and close vicinity all fire shutter of normally open contact-line.

Zone control methods has proven that its characteristics are as follows: System control ideas more clearly, as the use of control modules less and save investment, control programming easier, but the scene shutter control line as a multiple-line complicate the line, its advantages and disadvantages are more prominent.

3. set of control patterns

Zone control is a fire protection district of all fire shutter as a group (that is, a control unit), and group-controlled manner, fully taking into account the location of fire curtain features to group, and in particular the nature of the above have a common fire shutter is divided into a group, which closed a fire partitions can rely on the control of certain group fire shutter.

Figure 2 shows that four fire partition fire shutter is divided into eight groups, closed each area when you just need to control the three groups, of which 2/3 of the group is public.

Specific practices are as follows:

(1) for each group of the central part of fire shutter configuration control module (this is called a rolling-shutter module control), the DC relay output contact number is 4, this group of other fire shutter control.

(2) in case, I will be the District 3 addressing control module with bus and linkage control. The block diagram shown in Figure 2.



Figure 2, group accused of ways I district fire shutter control block diagram

(3) of the Group controlled fire shutter limit switch wiring as shown in Figure 3.



Figure 3, the Group controlled manner (I district I group) fire shutter travelSwitch wiring diagram

(4) when it receives a system control shutter dropped signals, linkage control several shutter group overall decline, meet fire fire partitions when closed. Fire shutter movement is still two steps.

(5) fire shutter location status confirmation is will this group fire shutter limit switch of the normally open contact press "and" relationship, access input module, into the fire control rooms.

Fire shutter unit control mode of the main characteristics are as follows:

— — Control of clear, simple, system more flexible and reliable.

— DC circuit control to simplify and reduce the complexity of the control. Relay output contact number is reduced to a maximum of just 4 normally open, normally a relays to meet the requirements, so that further simplification EFI principle.

— Shutter control circuit between the number of significant reduction in construction and maintenance, the benefit.

Second, the simultaneous fire shutter control signal

The joint fire shutter control signal, the beep specifications of: first, evacuation channel fire shutter should use the following procedure to automatically control actions: smoke detector, the shutter down to pitch to (f) surface 1.8 m and accept their feedback signal; heat detection actions after the shutter down to the end and to receive their feedback signal. Second, used for fireproofing fire shutter, fire detectors actions, the shutter down to the end and to receive their feedback signal.

In practice, for separate fire partition fire shutter unit, due to fires is grouped close fire shutter and not just in smoke near close the shutter. Therefore, automatic fire alarm signal selection is even more important. The author believes that the group is used to fire the elevator room, escalator mouth, evacuation channel Department of fire shutter, should its evacuation or both sides arrangement smoke detector and heat detector and the one, the shutter fires two step action; the other rolling doors on one or both sides only layout a smoke detector, and the shutter fires as a step in the action, direct drop in the end, to promptly stop smoking and limit the spread of fire. Group any two smoke detector at the movement as a step towards the end of the shutter and evacuation channel shutter first step in the action of the control signal, and evacuation channel shutter itself as a thermal detectors action as its decline to the end of the signal, not to a detector of alarm signal to start the fire shutter (Group). The above programme in practical work has been a very good application.

In addition, starting the fire shutter twice, fall and position feedback signal, usually require control module and the 2 input modules, there are many manufacturers launched dual input control module, you can replace the above 4 modules, it can control fire shutter two step action and which, under the location signal input to the bus, to the design and construction is made easier, reducing the cost of the system.