【 Weak current College 】 key unit of fire hazards and issues of study

Fire hazard modification is the key unit of fire safety and management of an essential element, is to protect the units of fire safety an important measures, but also the implementation of the decree implementing units of 61 "hidden introspection, hidden self-correction, accountable," advancing fire work an important part of the socialization. Fire hazard, refers to the potential fire accident may have caused or could directly affect fire fighting and evacuation of all unsafe.

First, the manifestation of fire hazards

Layout 1, fire safety, fire station, fire service, fire, fire engines, fire-fighting equipment, fire planning is not content into urban planning, or integrated into the overall urban planning but not implemented by the competent departments of the organization; public fire-fighting, fire protection equipment, inadequate or not adapted to actual needs.

2, flammable and explosive hazardous materials in the production and use of the site, storage and sale of warehouse, transportation and handling of the station, Pier and flammable and explosive gas and liquid filling station, supply station, pressure regulating station location does not meet fire safety requirements, in the event of fire, impact and affected neighbor units and nearby residents.

3. flammable and explosive hazardous goods are not accompanied by a fire, explosion limits for Flash, and so data instructions and considerations for fire and explosion; flammable and explosive hazardous materials for transportation, storage does not meet fire safety requirements, the nature of the subject and fire-fighting methods different dangerous goods mixed, mixed storage, as well as sales and use does not comply with fire safety requirements; bring kindling to flammable and explosive hazardous substances in the workplace, or flammable and explosive hazardous materials transportation vehicle docking location.

4, building fire resistance rating, building structures and the production process or item of fire hazardous nature not suited to the building of the fire separation, fire partitions or evacuation and ventilation and heating, and so does not meet the requirements in the fire codes fire separation within the stacking of fuel, the combustible building structures; evacuation channels, safe export cannot guarantee smooth, or is not set in line with the national fire evacuation signs; with workshops or warehouse located in a building staff dormitory.

5, not in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State fire-fighting facilities and equipment is configured, set fire safety; fire truck Road blocked, fire hydrant or water pump adaptor is heavy coverage or bury, occupy, influence of fire-fighting operations, or failed to organize inspection, maintenance, and cannot ensure a good fire-fighting facilities and equipment.

6, public gathering places without fire safety inspection or examination is unqualified, unauthorized use or operate; organize a fire risk for large gatherings, Fireworks, light and other mass events, the organizers did not implement fire safety measures, development of fire-fighting and emergency evacuation plans, and without the fire agencies on the spot for the fire safety inspection qualified without authorization. These are just tips, available only to focus on fire safety check.

7, production process, over temperature, pressure and near-explosive mixture ratio of concentration, the concentration limit without reliable security protection measures, is likely to meet the explosive limits, easily cause fire or explosion; device has run, run, drip, leak phenomenon that can not be timely repair and sick job, have caused a fire hazard; flammable and explosive devices and container repair, without strict cleaning and testing, inspection methods and tools, such as improper selection, does not comply with the relevant equipment fire maintenance procedures and requirements easily cause fire or explosion.

8, fire management, in a place with fire danger in using open fire jobs, or while special circumstances require the use of open fire jobs but not according to the provisions of the fire and approval procedures and the operation of, or approved has not taken appropriate fire safety measures in the area should be strictly forbidden to smoke and no non-pyrotechnic striking signs have to fiddle with signs of fire or smoke phenomenon, or open source or other heat source near combustible structures or other combustible materials, such as a fire hazard.

9, electrical products, gas appliances, quality does not meet the standards of the country or industry; electrical products, gas appliances, installation, use, and lines, the design, laying pipe is not in conformity with the relevant technical requirements of fire safety; workplace, equipment, devices should be making a lightning protection and antistatic equipment but not making, or to protect the range there are dead; explosion hazardous areas of electrical circuits, switches and electrical appliances not explosion-proof or not explosion-proof rank requirements.

Second, the principle of rectification of the fire risks, methods and requirements

(A) the principle of rectification and fire hazards

Rectifying the fire hazard is a more complex system, it is necessary to take into account safety, taking into account the (business); balances the reliable, but also taking into account economic; it is necessary to take into account the human factor, also taking into account the factors that matter; it is necessary to take into account the work ahead, and to consider long-term planning; balances the prompt and thorough, but also to take into account the strength of the enterprise. Therefore, the correct scheme should be safe and economic unity, security and the production of unified, time and strength of unity, the unity of form and effect, and adhere to the vulnerability check is left off, corrective actions do not implement left off, not completely the principle of rectification and left off.

(B) the rectification method for fire hazard

Fire hazard modification by rectification of the degree of difficulty can be divided into periods of rectification and correction and on the spot.

1, on the spot. Rectification and looks relatively simple, do not need to spend more time, manpower, material resources, financial resources, production and operation activities do not have a greater impact of hidden troubles of units, the parts should be rectified on the spot. If the fire separation within the stacking of combustible material, evacuation of the secure channel is blocked, the doors were locked, fire hydrant, pump adapter is heavy covering, occlusion, occupy, and other risks, should all be hidden dangers exist units required for rectification on the spot. Such a modification, it should be left to the troubles of formulating programme, with the consent of the fire safety management, you can implement. Modification to the end of the unit of fire safety management reports. Fire Safety Manager on the spot the rectification, to carry out supervision, inspection, guidance, you want to check after the end of the acceptance.R>
2. period of rectification. Rectification procedure is more complex, broad, affecting production is relatively large, but also takes more time, human, material and financial resources to be rectified and risk, should be taken to limit the period for rectification of method for rectification. Period for rectification under normal circumstances should the unit responsible for fire safety, the establishment of specialized organizations, related personnel to participate in research, and public security institutions and "ordered to correct the notification or the rectification within a major fire hazard notification requirements, the unit of the actual situation to develop a practical and qualified in certain time rectification, mainly determine corrective actions, deadlines, and is responsible for the rectification of the departments, staff, funding for the implementation of the reform. Programming after the formation of written material submitted should be the local public security fire agencies has been approved, the rectification or the people responsible for the rectification of personnel should be rectification submitted fire safety responsibilities or fire safety management signature confirmation archive for future reference, and in a specified time to write the report fire reply rectification.

(3) the requirements of rectification and fire hazards

1, grasp, choose the best option. Risk is a potential contradiction that may contain a pair or pairs of contradictions, and fire hazards must learn to grasp the main method. By focusing on major contradictions and solve major problems to solve other conflicts, played the role of gangjumuzhang problems get solved. Grab the main contradiction of rectification and fire hazards, to analyze the impact of fire hazard modification of various factors and conditions developed several and improvement programs, after repeated research and assessments, select the most economical and most effective, quickest programme, to avoid for instance by new fire hazard.

2. to establish the correct values. Rectification and fire hazards should firmly establish the correct values, analysis of the risk of vulnerability and hazard level. If in spite of the danger, but less harm, it should be made easy by the way, resulting in less investment, fire safety value big and improvement programs.

3, key equipment and vital parts are strictly utilitarian. For critical devices and vital part of the fire hazard exists, there must be strict measures to develop possible options to resolve the problem, completely clean, without leaving early, fundamentally ensure fire safety.

4. compliance with statutory time limits. If there is fire hazard units received firefighting agencies of rectification notice should prompt investigation and improvement programs, and within the prescribed time and improvement programs or rectification reported to the local police and fire agencies. If there are legitimate reasons cannot be completed in the period of rectification, the units in the rectification period to fire agencies submit a written application for the extension of the public security agency agrees to postpone decisions. On receipt of a notice of the rectification is not regular, firefighting agencies may, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the administrative penalties.

5, involving urban planning building layout, fire channel, water, fire hazard, should be examined and incorporated into the unit conversion and construction planning. When the unit is unable to resolve, the candidates have local police and fire agencies and the competent Department of the support brought to the attention of the relevant sector into the urban construction planning, step-by-step. For some longstanding major fire hazards, and to report it to local government coordination and supervision. However, before the issue is not resolved, you should take the necessary remedial measures of a temporary protection to ensure that fire safety.