【 Weak current College 】 automatic fire alarm system design, installation, commissioning, inspection and acceptance

3.3.1 fire alarm controller design and installation

Fire alarm control unit most of classification, its use will alarm control unit consists of domain alarm controller and centralized alarm controller.

A, area alarm controller
It is made of fire detectors or manual fire alarm button and fire alarm controller. Apply to smaller scope of protection.
Regional controller role, the region came fire detector signal is converted into sound and light alarm signal and output signal to the set alarm controller. It also and negative will provide to probe 24V DC, the linkage
Other external device actions-contact. Its features are as follows:
1, power supply function.
2. automatic fire alarm and memory. Sound and lighting, print warning content; accept manual or mechanical probes sent signals; clock stop walking (recorded for the first time, alarm time); the fire signals to set alarm control
Device.
March, silencers and sound capabilities. When a circuit of the alarm, press the button silencers, soundproof if the controller and other circuit of alarm signal, it will still be able to produce sound and light alarm.
4. output control functions. One of the above output control contacts for the fire cut off the air conditioning, ventilation equipment of power supply, shut down the fire door or start the automatic fire-fighting equipment, prevent the spread of fire.
5, monitoring, transmission lines break functionality. When the detector to the zone alarm controller of continuous circuit breaker or loose, area alarm controller immediately issue distinct from the fire of sound, light breakage failure alarm signal.
-Standby power 6, automatic monitoring and controlling the conversion function. Fire alarm control unit of the main power is on AC 220V, DC standby power supply for NI-CD batteries. When a power outage or failure, can automatically switch to standby
DC power supply. Utility power is restored, and can automatically switch to AC 220V power supply, regulated power supply for battery charging, when filling, automatic disconnect, for its next use.
When the mains power failure, the standby low voltage DC power supply, regional fire alarm controller timely issued a standby power supply undervoltage of alarm signals.
7, shaoduan alarm function. Fire alarm controller in any root fuse (insurance) blow, timely issued in various forms of failure alarm signal.
8, fire priority function. When the fire alarm controller accepted to a fire alarm signal, automatic removal of the original may exist other failure alarm signal, only the report fire so as not to cause confusion. Only when the fire exclusion, people
Workers in the zone alarm controller reset, if the fault persists, send fault alarm signal again.
9, manual checking. Because of the automatic fire alarm system against fire and various kinds of failures are monitored automatically and normally the system is monitored, in the absence of fire, no failure, use the officer will not know about these
Automatic monitoring and control functions are intact. Therefore, the fire alarm controller is set up manually check test device, which can be used at any time or periodically checks the system section of the circuit and element, the device is intact, the system of self-
Dynamic monitoring functionality to guarantee automatic fire alarm system is in good working condition. Manually check test, the device can automatically or manually.
Second, focus on alarm controller
Central fire alarm controller's role is to combine several area alarm controller connected to form a system that receives regional alarm controller from fire signal, fault signal, timely instructions fire zone
Or fault zone site, sound and light alarm signal. And specific showing fire zone and fault location. It cannot directly connect probes, nor to probe for power, but only and area alarm controller connection.
Set alarm controller of accessibility is based on the automatic fire alarm system requires additional (regional fire alarm controller also has a certain accessibility), there are the following:
1. Timer. Used to record fire detectors for the first time the fire alarm signal, usually uses the digital clock, the clock in no fire can be used as an ordinary clock.
2, printing. Generally use micro-printer will fire or failure occurs, the location, nature time text records.
3, phone. When the alarm controller accepted a fire signal, automatically connecting fire dedicated phone line.
4. accident broadcasting. In case of fire fighting and evacuation of command.
3. alarm controller selection and installation
(A) the choice of alarm controller
1, alarm control capacity of the choice
(1) the principle of capacity choices
Area alarm controller capacity should be not less than the detection zone alarm zone.
Set alarm controller part number (M) shall be not less than the maximum capacity in the system area alarm controller capacity. Region number (layer #, N) should be not less than system connection area alarm controller.
(2) the capacity of the choice of method
A division of alarm zone., Alarm zone should be fire-retardant partition or floors, an alarm zone should consist of one fire partitions or on the same floor of fire partitions.
B, determine the detection area. A detection zone should be a separate room (suite). From the main entrance to see inside the room. When the maximum area less than 1000m2, can also be classified as a detection zone
。 Non-protected building, adjacent to a maximum of five rooms, a total of not more than 400m2, and at the door in the vicinity lighting secondary display devices; the maximum number of neighbor-BU-room, with a total of not more than 1000m2, and at the door
Vicinity lights auxiliary display devices, can be classified as a detection zone. There is also an open staircase stairs, smoke, fire before the elevator room, fire elevator and the stairs with smoke-proof room and corridors, ramps
, Pipeline and cable tunnels, building up: top, mezzanine, etc, should be separately classifiedTap detection area.
2. alarm controller should be installed in the
Area alarm controller should be installed in the often someone on duty room or place, such as Wired, the guard rooms, floors, desks etc. Its environmental conditions should be clean, dry, cool, fewer distractions, taking into account management,
Easy maintenance, etc.
Set alarm controller should be set in a private room or indoor fire watch, and has direct access to the outdoors, the door should open evacuation direction, at the entrance to a clearly marked, the room should have a higher fire resistance rating
。 The environmental conditions and regional fire alarm controller installation site requirements.
(Ii) alarm controller installation
1, zone alarm controller installation
Area alarm controller installed in a wall, the height of the bottom margin of the ground should not be less than 1.5m, near the door on the side away from the wall of the shaft should not be less than the distance between the front operation 0.5m, should not be less than 1.2m.
2. installation of centralized alarm controller
Set alarm controller need overhaul from the rear, the subsequent panel away from the wall should not be less than 1m, when one side wall installation, on the other side from the wall should not be less than 1m. Positive action distance, when the device is a single column layout should not be less than 1.
5m, double row arrangement should not be less than 2m; on duty staff often work side, control from the top of the wall should not be less than 3m.

3.3.2 system debugging

(A) check the contents
1. check equipment, transport and storage for visible moisture or other damage.
2. check all devices (such as detector base, terminal box, manual button and alarm controller) has been fully installed wiring, wiring ready.
3. check whether the line is short-circuit, between questioning whether the cable is stringing stillness. Check the application shake table when measuring line and cable, wire and insulation resistance between compliance requirements (General requirements for wire and insulation resistance between should not
Less than 20M ohm, checks should be and alarm controller connection outlet.
4, the system should conform to the specifications of grounding the grounding requirements.
5. check detector shape for damage, then individually with a single point of alarm, the work of the detector can be put into use.
6. check alarm controller of all knobs, switches, outlets, plug-ins such as appearance and structure is intact, the check will be inserted into the output voltage of power supply complies with the requirements.
7, stand-alone no-load power check, that is, for each region, central alarm controller pluck lose people, output socket to become detached from the system, power if not unusual phenomena, to function.

(Ii) alarm controller functionality, performance, testing
1. adoption of the fire alarm controller manual inspection devices, check the alarm controller features are functioning, including fire, various fault monitoring capabilities, silencers functions correctly.
2. cut off the AC power, standby power automatic work situation, various functionality.
3. observation of the voltmeter, ammeter indicates the value should be in the technical specifications provided for in the normal range.
4. all led, switch, button should be no corruption and bad conditions.
5, by manually checking device check alarm controller functionality, performance, automatic fire extinguishing, output control contact, etc shall action clock should not stop the clock.

(Iii) the system of functional, performance, testing
1. on the system in a variety of fire detectors for sampling, the sampling system shall be not less than 10 per cent of the number of probes. Smoke detector with smoke testing, heat fire detectors for heating test.
2. the sampling probe should be in normal operation, if abnormal movements, the amount of sampling should be added. Plus amount of sampling and found not the normal operation of the system in all such fire detectors for practical simulation inspection
Check test.
3. the effectiveness of a detector simulation, observation of alarm sound and light display controller alarm is normal, the detection area, and the corresponding architectural site is accurate.
4. loosen any fire detectors, alarm controller should have failed.
5. If the alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing device connections, system functionality, performance, should cut off before the experiment, automatic fire suppression equipment and alarm controller of electrical connections, but you should check the output of the fire alarm controller
Control joint actions, such as checking output-voltage or current value is consistent with the requirements.
6. system debugging should be continuous running 120 hours of trouble-free, according to the specifications of the debug report.

3.3.3 system testing and acceptance

1. the architectural engineering fire supervision audit management regulations require fire alarm system in project completion, "installation units must entrust qualified fire protection facilities
Testing unit for technical testing, and building fire facilities technical test report ". This provision requires that: in the automatic fire alarm system of detection units, you must have a provincial fire agencies approved grants
That, in the system for testing should be such that the implementation of national legislation relating to fire and technical specifications, system design, installation, commissioning and so on each link for serious test, write the test reports,
Acceptance for fire departments to provide reliable information and basis.
Second, the automatic fire alarm system acceptance, under the supervision of police and fire agencies, the construction of the units in charge of the design, construction, testing, debugging, and other units participate in the joint inspection
Collection. Acceptance should fire auto-alarm equipment and various fire control equipment, and fire lighting and evacuation signs such as full acceptance.
Automatic fire alarm system acceptance before construction unit should fire agencies commit acceptance application report, together with the following technologies:
1. system completed table;
2. completion of the system;
3. Construction records (including hidden works acceptance record);
4. debug reports;
5. Management, maintenance personnel registration form.
III. acceptance of automatic fire alarm system should include the following devices:
1. automatic fire alarm system installation (including a variety of fire detectors knob, regional alarm controller and centralized alarm controller, etc.); Manual alarm press
2. fire-extinguishing system control device (including indoor hydrant, sprinkler, halon carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, fixed fire extinguishing system control device);
3. automatic fire doors, fire shutter control devices;
4. ventilation and air conditioning, smoke and fire safety valve, electric fire control equipment;
5. fire broadcasting, communications, fire fire-power, fire protection and fire control rooms elevator control unit;
6. fire lighting and evacuation instructions control device.
IV. acceptance of automatic fire alarm system, fire machinery construction quality review should be conducted. The review should include the following:
1. automatic fire alarm main power, standby power, automatic switching device, the installation location and construction quality.
2. fire electric equipment of power cables, control cables, grounding and fire alarm signal transmission lines of the laying of the way.
3. fire detectors in the category, type, location, installation height, protection RADIUS, protection area and detector spacing, etc.
4. the control device installation location, the type, quantity, type, function and quality.
5. fire lighting and evacuation instructions control device installation location and construction quality.
5. system requirements for acceptance of a variety of devices:
1. fire electricity equipment power supply automatic switching device, should switch test on three occasions, each test should be designed.
2. fire alarm controller should follow these requirements when sampling, sampling and testing functionality for each feature should repeat 1-2 times, been sampling the basic functions of the controller should be consistent with existing national standards GB4717 now in the functional requirements.
① number of actual installation in 5 sets the following all of sampling;
② the actual installation number in 6-10, 5 sampling and testing;
③ the actual installation of more than 10 persons, according to the actual installation number 30 per cent-50 per cent of the percentage sampling and testing, but should not be less than 5.
3. fire detectors (including manual alarm button) should be the following requirements for simulation of fire response test and fault alarm sampling, the sampling probe for the test being should be fine.
① number of actual installation in 100 persons only, sampling and 10;
② number more than 100 actual installation only, according to the actual installation number 5%-10%, but not less than 10 sampling.
4. Indoor hydrant function acceptance should be in the water pressure in line with existing State architectural design fire protection standard conditions and should meet the following requirements:
① working pump, spare pump conversion run 1-3 times;
② fire control room operation restart, stop 1-3 times;
③ fire hydrant operating cycle pump button by 5%-10 ratio tests.
More control functions should be normal, signal should be correct.
5. automatic sprinkler systems of sampling and testing, subject to the existing national standards (sprinkler system design specifications), sampling and testing the following control functions:
① working pump and spare pump conversion run 1-3;
② fire control room operation restart, stop 1-3;
③ flow indicators, gate closures and electric valve installed as per the actual number of 10%-30% in proportion to the end of the test on the water.
The control function, signal should be fine.
6. Halon, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder fire extinguishing systems for sampling and testing, and should be consistent with existing relevant system design specification of conditions according to the actual installation of the amount of 20%-30% of the samples of the following control functions:
① Manual startup and emergency shut-off test for 1-3 times;
② with fixed fire-extinguishing equipment linkage control other devices (including close fire doors and Windows, stop air-conditioning fans, closing fire damper, fire curtain falls) test 1-3 times;
③ pumping a protection zone for spray-and-drop test (halon system should be replaced by nitrogen and other media).
The above experiment control function, signal should be fine.
7. electric fire doors, fire shutter of sampling should be actual installation number of 10 per cent-20 per cent sampling linkage control function, its control function; signal should be fine.
8. ventilation and smoke control equipment (including fans and valve) of sampling should be actual installation number of 10%-20% sampling linkage control function, control function, signal should be fine.
9. inspection of fire elevator should be 1-2 times a manual control and automatic control functions, its control function, signal should be fine.
10. fire broadcasting equipment inspection, shall be adjusted according to the actual number of 10 per cent of the installed — 20 per cent for the following functions:
① in fire control rooms selected layer broadcast;
② share speakers forced switch test;
③ spare amplifier control function test.
11. fire communications equipment inspection, shall meet the following requirements:
① fire control rooms and equipment room of intercom phone 1 — 3 times call test;
② Phone Jack number according to the actual installation of 5%-10% phone test;
③ fire control room of an outside line telephones and "119" for 1-3 times a test call.
These functions should be normal, the voice should be clear.
6. the inspection items, such as a non-conforming shall be the repair or replacement of the deadline, and retest. Reinspection, on sampling and testing requirements of the test should be doubled. Complex
Inspection. Unqualified persons, cannot be accepted.