【 Weak current College 】 on intelligent building fire alarm system design

Abstract: as China's reform and opening up, the nation's large and medium-sized city high-rise buildings, public spaces, underground construction and modernization of the factory in intelligent received rapid development. These intelligent buildings under fire for all installed independent of automatic fire alarm system, automatic fire detection and fire alarm systems, security, is the intelligent construction the building automation system (CBS). This article is the automatic fire alarm system detector selection, alarm controller matching and fire fighting equipment control design, a brief introduction and discussion.

[Keywords]: intelligent building fire alarm choose design

Automatic fire alarm system is generally divided into three forms design: regional fire auto-alarm system, central fire alarm system and the control centre of the alarm system. The basic features of the intelligent construction, the control centre of the alarm system is the most suitable way.

Intelligent building in automatic fire alarm system design essentials is the guarded object: it fires burning characteristics determine the type of fire; according to the required protection area of the site; in accordance with the total number of fire detectors and other warning device (such as hand newspaper) quantify fire alarm controller's total capacity; press of alarm zone settings area alarm controller; under fire-fighting equipment determine linkage control mode; press fire extinguishing requirements determine the alarm and linkage of logical relationship.

1. selection of design fire detector

Fire detectors are automatic fire alarm system by detecting objects into smoke detector and heat detector, temperature sensitive fire smoke on composite fire detectors and gas detector, according to its measurement and control range can be divided into point-fire detectors and linear detector. Point-fire detectors can only to a certain point in the range of alert surrounding temperature, smoke, and other parameters to control, such as point-type ion sensing smoke detectors, point-violet flame detector, point-type heat fire detectors, linear detector can alert a line in the range around smoke, temperature probe, such as infrared beam line detector, laser line fire detectors, cable-style heat fire detectors, etc. Intelligent building should smoke detector selection, selection of individual should not smoke detector, should choose the heat fire detector.

1.2 detection area detector set points

Standard: General fire detection area to separate rooms divided detection area of each room should at least set a detector. In the open or closed staircases, fire the elevator room, corridors, ramps, pipeline well, boring top, mezzanine, etc should be a separate division of the detection area, set the corresponding detectors, internal space open and the light show at the door of a room can be divided into a large area of detection area, but its maximum area cannot be more than 1000m2.

In addition, when setting up fire detectors, but also intelligent construction Interior aisle width, to the end wall of the distance, the distance between the wall beam edges, air conditioning vents distance and Atrial Septal, etc.

1.3 detector to determine the total number of

First determine a detection area required to set the number of probes, the calculation formula is:

N=S?KA

Type: N-detector quantity (only), integer;

S?-the detection area (m2)

A?-detectors protect area (m2)

The correction factor K?-

Premium protection objects of 0.7 ~ 0.8

Level protection object of 0.8 ~ 0.9

Secondary protection objects of 0.9 ~ 1.0.

Note: smoke and heat detector is this formula.

Smart building full detection area required and the architecture you need to configure the total number of probes.

2. fire alarm controller design matching

Fire alarm controller is the automatic fire alarm central system, which accepts signals and analysis, in the event of fire, it immediately issued a fire signal and start the fire-fighting equipment. Computer technology makes traditional switch quantity more wire automatic fire alarm system has been analog bus system for automatic fire alarm system bus system for the automatic fire alarm system.

2.1 alarm zone Division

Alarm zone should follow the intelligent building of the protection level, fire resistance ratings, reasonable correct classification. Specification provides the "alarm zone should be based on the Division of fire partitions or floors. "That is in alarm zone, you can also layer of several fire partitions to an alarm.

Special emphasis will partition several fire alarm area was put under the same, only on the same floor and not across the floor.

2.2 determine regional capacity of fire alarm controller

Regional fire alarm Controller General press fire partition set, and the determination of their capacity, depending on the warning area within the addressed detection equipment. Alarm area addressing detection equipment, not just interested smoke temperature or other types of fire detectors, also including the alarm zone alarm button, fire hydrant and alarm buttons, as well as through the control module to convert signal flow indicators, pressure switch, etc. For example, a model fire alarm controller 4 loop × 128 detection points, that is, each control loops control the 128 addressing detection, intelligent building an alarm area addressing equipment total 400, the automatic fire alarm controller meets the zone alarm. Assuming that the alarm range 600 detection addressing points, there is a clear need for second this type controllers (generally in this case, you should choose the single capacity meet 600 detection addressing points required product area alarm controller).

General fire alarm controller marked capacity is the single controller's maximum capacity, in order to ensure both the automatic fire alarm systemHigh efficiency and high reliability of work, the actual design of the circuit detection point to consider certain information. Comprehensive consideration of building structures and construction, and other factors, automatic fire alarm system regional fire alarm every circuit design capacity should be the actual nominal capacity of 80 ~ 50%.

3. fire protection equipment control

Fire fighting equipment are automatic fire alarm system components, fire control rooms receive fire information should be automatic or manual start the appropriate fire fighting equipment. Fire, fire alarm controller alarm information, fire linkage controller under fire information management Department of the linkage between output signal for the linkage of fire equipment fire-fighting operation.

Fire linkage must be in "automatic" and "manual" State. In automatic, intelligent building fire alarm system in accordance with the prior preparation of the linkage between the logic of fire alarm, the output automatically control directive, startup related equipment. The manual should be based on manual operations, achieve the corresponding control.

4. automatic fire alarm system wiring and navigability of intelligent building

Because of the automatic fire alarm system, making it a special place in the wiring installation, unlike other intelligent building control system. The selection of the cables and wiring means an automatic alarm device to meet the technical criteria, such as its alarm transmission line most requires use of twisted-pair; 2 to fulfill certain mechanical strength, three to put pipe protection, concealed or flame retardant, four other low-voltage system cable shaft layout separately, five to the transmission network is not shared with other transport networks.

Conclusion: from the concept of intelligent building, automatic fire alarm system and its linkage control should fall within the scope of building automation system, but the communication line Basic is self-contained, and intelligent building cabling systems are quite different, with the development of intelligent buildings and the automatic fire alarm system matures, the combination of the application will close. Lies in the intelligent construction design matching the automatic fire alarm system, it is important to consider both the connection interface of navigability, allowing them to install, use, run the best.