【 Weak current College 】 fire hazards in construction-and preventive measures

As urban development and continuously push forward the development process, create a new project like mushrooms, a large number of new materials, new structures, new technology widely, resulting in a building project with lots of fire hazards, such as not monitored, in the event of fire, not only burned uncompleted buildings and their surrounding buildings, but also caused heavy casualties. October 7, 2005 in the afternoon, Taizhou city hailing district-East town of Taizhou yimin and vegetable development co., Ltd. in cold storage in the construction process with open flame roasted SPS new waterproof material surface waterproofing, accidentally detonated and wall insulation material polystyrene, the fire spread rapidly expanded and, through the frozen export to spread among other refrigeration, cold storage rooms in the southwest side of the only export block, which is under construction of eight staff cannot escape, died in the fire. Fire fire-2180 square meters area, and another four were wounded, three critically is where a person after death, fire rescue invalid direct property losses 79.5 million.
First, fire hazards in construction-in-formation

First, the construction of fire safety awareness on thin. Part of the construction unit responsible for fire safety awareness of fire safety regulations, poor quality, do not know their own fire safety duties. In carrying out checks at the construction site, most of the construction charge said all construction units, has nothing to do with himself, the Fire Department should not, subjectively reluctant to invest capital, purchase of fire-fighting equipment. At the same time construction units employment temporary migrant worker mobility, lack of strict management and fire safety knowledge and training, fire safety awareness is weak, do not understand, do not master the basic knowledge of fire, do not use fire extinguishers fire extinguishing, does the early warning, does not organize evacuation, especially construction time is short, jobs, dispersed workers, it is difficult to carry out fire safety management work.

The second is the construction site of the temporary building layout does not conform to the specifications, the fire resistance rating is low. Limitations due to the construction site, personnel, and field offices, employee lounges, staff quarters, warehouses and other buildings adjacent to each other, particularly workers ' quarters are temporary and are three-or four-stage fire-rating of buildings of simple structure, coupled with the hard work of construction personnel have the habit of smoking and throw cigarette butts; there are also staff quarters each interval is used only to separate the materials such as simple sanheban; there is only one of the workers ' quarters, once the fire safety of export, will inevitably lead to serious consequences.

The third is the construction site of the fire safety requirements. Some builders were not equipped with the necessary fire equipment, arbitrarily piled construction materials, blocked the road, there's fire engines and has completed phase provisional building outside using scaffolding and safety protection, occupied the building fire between spacing that is more open fire operation area, flammable and combustible materials pile site and dangerous goods storehouse mutual operation zone mix, in the event of fire, as in the construction of the works which have not yet installed fire-fighting facilities, particularly in the construction of high-rise building their fire-fighting installation to later to complete, the consequences would be unthinkable.

4 electrical line laying not spec. The construction site of illicit prominent pull the wire phenomenon, according to my survey, construction in progress especially later renovation works of construction site electric circuit private la chaos phenomenon very serious received a wire, electrical wiring installation very irregular, bare head and directly inserted into the socket on the line with the flowers hanging out there in the breeze, direct distribution equipment installed in the combustible wood components on it.

Fifth, it is allowed to change the design of fire. Though after fire approval but construction units according to the intention of building units allowed to change a local graphic design, there are some units decoration cover fire facilities, reduce security export, exit and evacuation aisle design time net width and number, thus leaving a congenital fire hazard.

Six is a temporary phenomenon with a pneumatic fire. Most of the construction personnel in the use of liquefied gas cooking quarters, LNG bottle can be seen everywhere; and of the construction site of woodworking workshop cigarette Earth any time the fire of May.

Second, in the construction of fire prevention measures

(A) strengthen the execution, strict approval off, avoid leaving congenital fire hazard. Fire departments in accordance with the implementation of fire inspection found during construction without the approval and authorization of units to deadline post-registration procedures, strictly in accordance with legal procedures, pursuant to national laws, regulations, regulatory and technical standards for effective supervision and management of science, with the ultimate goal of eliminating fire hazard, mainly law approval, fundamentally control fire hazards; according to the law on fire People's Republic of China, the new, alterations, extensions, change of use, construction interior trim, and other construction works under construction, you must take the initiative to the local fire department to declare for the examination and approval procedures, shall not, without the approval of the start, on the existence of these vulnerabilities, and approval must be strict and catalyzing reported post-registration procedures to achieve a qualified one approval.

(B) reasonable planning construction site layout of fire safety, minimize the fire hazard. First, it is necessary to address construction site layout of the actual, reasonable Division the operation area, in particular the open operation area, flammable, combustible material yard, dangerous goods, such as the establishment of the regional Treasury, obvious signs that will fire risk large regional arrangement at the construction site of perennial leading wind direction downwind side or lateral direction. The second is to use nonflammable materials, reduce the construction site of fire load, improve temporary building fire resistance ratings and each have a sufficient spacing, particularly dangerous goods warehouse, the open operation area and other fire safety spacing of not less than 25 m. If the venue is limited, to take certain measures, may be appropriate to reduce the fire separation. Third, make sure that the fire truck road construction site shall not be less than two and a width of not less than 3.5 m shall be stacked in building materials, fire road block shall take truck road jobs, fourth migrant hostel near to configure some number of fire-fighting equipment, the large building site should set fire water tank as well as the necessary fire communications, alarm device.

(3)Construction units to conscientiously implement the organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions to fire safety management regulations "(Ministry of public security, order No. 61), strict fire safety management. First, determine the statutory representative or person in charge of security, on the construction site of the work has overall responsibility for fire safety, fire safety organizations established obligations, is responsible for the daily fire prevention inspections and for emergency treatment, and specifies the specialist is responsible for the safety of the work stoppage and inspection, there are no remaining focused inspections of cigarette butts, electrical ignition source, open fire, the fire. The second is on the employment of temporary workers must receive fire safety education, make them familiar with the basic knowledge of fire, fire, will be reported on the use of fire equipment, fire fighting, initially will be in particular to strengthen the electric welding, gas welding personnel of fire safety training for certificates. Three is to strengthen the construction site by the use of fire management. It is necessary to strictly implement dangerous sites use open flames and approval system, oxygen, acetylene cylinder two cannot mix, welding job you want to send a guardian, equipped with all the necessary fire-fighting equipment and, in the vicinity of the welding point made of non-combustible material plate block of clean, prevent around them and combustibles welding bead splash everywhere. The second is in migrant workers ' quarters, employee lounges, dangerous goods, such as fire danger to the Treasury Department have eye-catching non-smoking and other fire safety signs and, if necessary, set the smoking room or a designated safe smoking venue. Fourth, strengthen the construction site management. Construction unit identified after a fire safety training qualified electrician right reasonably installation and maintenance of electrical equipment, always check the electrical wiring, electrical equipment operating conditions, with emphasis on checking line connector for good, there is no device, for shorts, such as fever, insulation damage; electrical equipment around whether there are combustible materials, in particular dangerous goods storehouse electrical equipment, lamps with explosion-proof requirements.

(D)-related functions and make concerted efforts to form a whole. Urban construction law enforcement agencies in their day-to-day supervision and inspection of construction works when you want to handle fire audit procedures are included in the supervision and inspection of contents, the construction sector of the construction site security monitoring station to the site of the fire safety as an important content into management, engineering quality supervision departments to regulate construction team of construction.