【 Weak current College 】 fire door design installation considerations

Abstract: by understanding fire doors in architecture, to explore the importance of fire doors in the design, installation and usage considerations to ensure that the fire doors in fires effectively play a protective effect.
[Keywords]: fire door design and installation of protective effect
Fire door refers to a certain period of time to meet fire resistance stability, integrity and insulation requirements, primarily for building fire partitions firewall openings, stairs entrance, corridors, pipe-head evacuation, etc. Fire doors normally used for personnel pass, in the event of a fire, at one time, prevent the spread of fire and smoke diffusion, security evacuation and positive pressure ventilation systems work at the sealing effect. Its design is reasonable, proper installation, management, use are directly related to their fireproof door fire effect.
From what has happened in recent years on the fire can be seen in the absence of fire door for proper set up and maintain, people's lives and property in disasters in paid a heavy price. The lessons of these blood, I combine actual supervision and inspection work experience, briefly describe the fire doors in the design, installation and management considerations, there are anomalies please humour.
First, design reasonable, the selection of appropriate
Designers in the building's fire door design, according to the nature and type of construction, in strict accordance with the technical specifications for fire, reasonable set fire door, and not free to reduce the level of fire protection doors.
1, in the building's daily flow more, fire door use frequency greater parts, priority should be normally opened fire door design. Normally opened fire door which features mainly rely on electromagnetic release valve or magnetic door suck, door closer and automatic control system for autistic features in fire occurs rapidly close themselves, to prevent fire spread and smoke diffusion of this design is on fire evacuation and avert fire door constantly use arising damage.
2, in the design of the staircase and is not closed with positive pressure ventilation system smoke before the Chamber of the stairwell fire doors, fire doors should be taken into consideration the distance from the ceiling as far as possible, not less than 500 mm, so that in the event of fire, can effectively prevent the evacuation of smoke entering the stairway, guarantees that the stairway smoke effect.
3, in the design of a pressurized air supply system and stairwell fire doors in the front room, consideration should be given to the single-leaf fireproof doors open area and positive pressure air match. If the fire door area too large, the fire, the stairway positive pressure ventilation system running due to wind pressure, may result in fire doors open headcounts, is not conducive to quickly evacuate.
2. installation specifications, quality checks
When you install the fire door, you must choose the qualified products, must not reduce the level of fire doors and should strictly follow the standard installation.
1. installation frame, door leaf should be made aware of opening direction, the direction to the evacuation.
2. firmly to prevent shoddy work, the author in day-to-day supervision and check often to see some of the fire door installation units in order to save costs and speed up construction speed, when you install the fire door serious Jerry-building, have less loaded or not to install the door closer and sequencer; there is a fan of fire door hinges should be installed 3 only, they only put 2 or 1 only hinge; some fire door hinge with 4 screw holes only to only install the 2 screws, reduces fixed strength; some even have installed non-fire-proof hardware and door locks; some do not have to install fire protection seal; fire doors installed on ordinary glass or fireproof glass set area and so on.
3, fire door with fire, smoke, suppression fire spread, the protection of the special functions of evacuation should have good airtight. During the installation you should also note the following issues:
(1), the frame margin around the wall should not be too large, and should fill cement mortar or rock wool for sealing;
(2), install double-door to door fitting tightly; guaranteed
(3), prevent the frame from the ground distance is too great, if the threshold is not conducive to the formation of evacuation;
(4), should not be self-made door frame, purchase fire door leaf for installation;
(5), prohibit the installation of fire door for finished products, unauthorized modification to wooden fire door, for example, like processing as normal wooden doors, fire doors on the finished product is sawn planing, install any hardware sites saw chisel, also not brushing fire retardant coating, resulting in fire prevention capacity greatly weakened.
Third, management in place, the timely maintenance
Strengthen the fire protection facilities management and maintenance, is to ensure that fire facilities complete the only way to good use in order to ensure that in the event of fire in buildings, various types of fire-fighting facilities fully play its role to effectively control and eliminate fire and evacuation, fire extinguishing and create favourable conditions. Fire door as an important fire safety facilities and commonly used fire compartmentation in extensive use in architecture, its poor due to maintenance, the damage caused by improper use of frequent, so must strengthen its management and maintenance.
1. eliminate the aisles in evacuation, smoke stairs room or shared room settings before changbishi fire doors in the use process to make it always, become "normally open" fire door, in the event of fire, such a "normally open" fire door won't stop the smoke and fire prevention;
2. always check the integrity of fire door, view the door closer, sequencer is easy to use, fire door can sequentially to close, hinge, hinge screw is loose, if any damage should be repaired immediately and organizations;
3. stop using units one-sided pursuit of decorative effect, fire door frames to cancel and instead only set common wood production of doors, the doors of the original border will be replaced by other materials, large add decorative surfacings, thereby destroying fire protection coating, no fire effects;
4, normally opened fire door to periodically tested, check his/her own close control systems, door closer, sequencer, release switch, and so is easy to use, whether it be in fire occurs effectively to their own gatewayClosed capabilities as well as firmly to prevent normally opened fire door randomly stacked items.