【 Weak current College 】 fire alarm and linkage control systems design

With the construction industry, skyscraper gradually increased, the dangers of fire. Tall buildings due to its own characteristics, in the event of fire, the fire spread rapidly, evacuation difficult, extremely easy to cause casualties and economic losses. If you only rely on artificial fire firefighters, is clearly not enough. Fire alarm and coordinated control system settings is to protect the safety of tall buildings important technical measures. The system is capable of early discovery of fire, but also in fire occurs, the linkage of various fire equipment put into operation. Therefore, in a modern high-rise building internal require setting the automatic fire alarm and coordinated control system. However, according to the Fire Department of statistics, in many high-rise buildings have been built, although equipped with fire alarm and coordinated control system, but many cannot properly put into operation, to the safety of tall buildings in a big risk. One important reason is the depth of the design are not sufficient, the linkage between the explanation is not clear, not thin, cannot effectively guiding construction engineering company. Automatic fire alarm and coordinated control system involves strong electrical, ventilation, air conditioning, water system, linkage of devices, designers typically only preliminary design, generally only give out detector and linkage unit floor plans, system diagrams and equipment list, a simple copying some normative provisions lack the necessary textual description, it is difficult to fully reflect the design of fire-fighting system linkage control functions, and some linkage control function is not a single from the system diagram or equipment list will be reflected. For example, what is a fire alarm, what is the fire, which need to be confirmed automatically control, which needs a manual control, and how to carry out joint control, and so on.
It is in preliminary design-time auto-alarm and linkage formation equipment often is only functional framework, there is no specific device models and technical data or did not give specific linkage relationships and requirements, but also because of the fire alarm and coordinated control system shall be coordinated by the equipment, linkage Gateway system complex, this requires the coordinated control of every aspect of clear to implement good, can not meet the linkage requirements, to submit as soon as possible. All of these problems must be in the second design for detailed design and instructions, otherwise not only will directly affect the cost of fire works, also affect the system the entire function of and acceptance of the project. At present some engineering company with the ability to design a second, but in the understanding of the specification and the specific actions on sometimes appear some deviation. Secondary design must focus on the implementation of the entire system, or you want to apply the "safety, advanced technology, the principle of economic and reasonable". Following our previous project design and practice experience, to a specific project as an example, the combination of the existing fire laws and regulations on fire protection system design for an in-depth analysis, and lists the logical relation "fire", the inadequacies of peer, please give correct me.
For example a project principal structure 12 layer, set the initial design had a fire pump, with a preparation with a spray pump. Roof set positive-pressure blowers, smoke machine and a terrace. Each layer staircase with evacuation of pressure air and exhaust port. Each main channel set a fire shutter. Fire service lift and a passenger elevator. One to four-layer structure, each layer set detectors, each layer 50 only has an air conditioner air supply unit. Five to twelve layer structure are the same, each layer set detector 25 only. Each floor of the staircase are set alarm button and sound and light alarm, each room is equipped with fire radio speakers. Fire Centre fire alarm linkage control cabinets and fire broadcast communication Cabinet each one.
Our initial design ideas as the Guide and the current specification for fundamental basis, as far as possible, to understand and grasp the normative connotation.
Linkage relations explains:
1. fire pumps, smoke and exhaust blower, etc. are important fire safety equipment, their reliability is directly related to the success of the fire-fighting work. These devices can automatically start working, you should be able to independently control their start-up and shutdown, and should not be other non-fire-fighting equipment failure factors influence their start-up and shutdown. In other words, once the fire alarm system failure will not affect their start. So does a single use of fire alarm system transfer bus coding module control modes (including manual keyboard issue of coding control start signal) to control their startup, you should also have manual control function directly. Established through hardware circuit directly boot control actions.
2. fire, air-conditioning systems for fire development impact is large, if not close in time, will contribute to the fire and through the spread to other parts of the pipeline. Smoke control equipment for the helped to prevent the spread of fire and evacuation, in the passageway through positive pressure air to air pressure is greater than the other parts, prevents smoke to enter. If a detector false positives, linkage of these devices will not cause undue alarm.
3. Manual alarm button in this was as a fire confirmation signal, apart from the linkage smoke control equipment, but also the Pro-radio linked to this layer of sound and light alarm. In accordance with the specifications of clause explanation Centre alarm system, have set up fire radio alarm system, you can set alarms, but in order to facilitate the on-duty staff faster identification of fire floor, each floor staircase set up sound and light alarm. In addition, as a confirmation signal, will fire the lift for all stops on the first floor.
4. we put the action signal flow indicator, as a warning signal, at the same time on the host shows alert site, but cannot start spraying pump pressure switch, if you then also alarm, two phase "and" as confirmation signal fire, auto-start spraying pump.
5. fire hydrant button starts the action signal is fire pump determines the signal, also called fire hydrant button to fire. Marks the fire has been artificial confirmation, fire-fighting system has been put into operation.
6. in order to put off convenience, fire-fire power is necessary, but cut the non-fire should be limited within the scope of the relevant parts of a fire burning the partitions or floor, once the fire should cut off the fire partitions or floors of non-fire power. Cut off the way workers to artificial cut off, or you can automatically cut off, this project uses artificial cut, cut off the order should be taken into account by the floor or the scope of the fire prevention Division, one by one, to reduce the power of unnecessary panic.
7. fire shutter to two detector "and" door signal as a control signal is more secure. Roll-front of smoke detector alarm shutter half down, not resulting in the evacuation, fire increases, heat detector action, you can make the shutter down to the end. Prevent the spread of fire.
Through the above discussion, we can see that the fire alarm and linkage control is a systematic project, be sure to pay great attention to it and not just "as described in the specification," a few words to speak clearly, in the preliminary design is not very clear, secondary design must meet the operational level, in order to better guide the construction, play interactive capabilities of the device.