【 Weak current College 】 electrical, fire hydrant to water system design flaws

Fire-electrical system
1. at the level of power supply system, 2-channel independent power supply of high-voltage units loop, either circuit failure, its high pressure side of the Bus Coupler switch should interlock input, but most of the design of this switch are manually.

2. when all the high-voltage power supply and the other way to bring their own generator powered level load system, when the power supply voltage failure, but their own generators often rely on manual inputs to the low voltage side of bus power supply, this power supply time delays.

3. fire-fighting equipment power supply unit for two ways power supply, power supply only one high-voltage substation, another way to bring their own generators, generator by DPSS knife switch access for low-voltage bus. The above three points in addition to the level of understanding about the load, more importantly, the impact of local power supply sector is afraid, threatening the distribution network of distribution power, and power generator non-synchronous switching, etc.

4. a class of high-rise building electric power generation, should be equipped with automatic start unit and power supply in the 30s, but most of the generator is not set voltage monitoring devices, it can only rely on manual start. This is mainly a substation and generators are not design the necessary automatic interlocking device for money, some of the electricity sector do not agree to the automatic switching power supply.

5. some of the control box is not design in fire control room leads directly to manually start the Terminal and the appropriate equipment. This is mainly because the designers did not design schematics, at the same time on the important direct fire-fighting equipment should be set manually control devices understand not deep.

6. preparation of a fire hydrant system and pump for spraying system shared by pump, under system failure, the choice may be put into operation. The lack of fire-fighting water supply professional communication and understanding of the specification.

7. some of the control box is not in accordance with the building electrical installation project Atlas of the recommended standard selection and selection of old-fashioned XJ01-1 control box, leaving the main pump failure, can only go to the pump house scene started by pump.

8. fire control rooms cannot monitor important fire facilities, power supply, because fire control box is not design power monitoring device.

9. the important fire power supply circuit switch does not have a choice when you start a fire pump, due to the startup current, control box automatically switch is not tripping, but leapfrog to skip to the power supply side and or distribution, low-voltage bus side. When you select a standard control box, is not very good check of power supply system and automatically switches the current (or sensitive), very easy to load down current is greater than the first end-to-current, and the trip.

10. water pump, blower, fire smoke control equipment, its lift power supply line does not use fire-resistant type cable.

11. staircase centrally operated evacuation lighting, fire does not automatically light up.

12. continue to work in the fire place (such as distribution, a water pumping station, etc.) is not enough time for emergency lighting and illumination.

Fire hydrant to water system

1, fire water tank

(1) effective fire water tank capacity is small

The duration of the building, fire hydrant water selection error. Old renovation, addition of spray system, water tank capacity is not increased.

(2) combined with pool no fire dedicated technical measures

Some works of fire-fighting water and water production, life and to prevent the deterioration of water quality; but not design fire special measures. Combined pool of dedicated measures commonly used are the following picture shows three: shared pool of technical measures

(3) large capacity water tank without distinction that measures

Fire water tank fire more than 1000m3, corresponding to the importance of building hazard or greater, a fire water tank compartment measures, fire water tank cleaning during the half of the fire water to ensure the safety of the building.

2. fire-fighting pump

(1) small fire pump flow rate

Fire pump flow rate is small does not meet the requirements of the indoor fire water.

(2) fire pump lift too big

Fire pump lift large side adverse the pipeline work.

(3) a set of fire control pump suction pipe with only one root

There is a group of engineering fire pump only one suction pipe, when suction pipe inspection, the entire system crashes.

(4) a set of fire control pump only one outlet

And the fire pump's suction pipe, if a group of fire pumps only one outlet, you will reduce the fire protection system reliability.

(5) water pump outlet on the pressure gauge, no test on the water valve, pressure relief valves

The fire pump discharge pipe fitted with a manometer, test on the water valve, pump at checkpoints, you can make the fire pump effluent does not enter the supply pipe network against overpressure and water hammer. As a result of the initial fire started after the network will fire pumps, and produces water hammer effect, stop-time will also have the effect of water hammer. Outlet pressure can be set on the pressure and can reduce the water hammer effect.

(6) diversion device settings are not correct

① suction pipe set water tank,

② suction pipe on bottom valve, high water tank fill water seepage. In fire protection engineering inspection we find that there are three kinds of not

(7) the pump's suction pipe diameter is small

Some designs use pipe diameter is small, pump flow can not reach the design values.

3¡ ¢ working stroke facilities

(1) pump with flow larger

4. pump adapter

(1) pump adapter and the fire hydrant or water in the distance is greater than 40m intake

(2) pump adapter low number of

(3) pump adapter does not partition settings

5. vacuum unit settings

(1) for fire protection design of dynamic pressure of greater than 0.5MpaSet vacuum unit

(2) decompression orifice diameter is small

Some design such as an office building, selection pressure plate for B2-1F D/d = 65/14, start a fire pump, hydrodynamic pressure measured as 0.12Mpa, full 10m column page〈, detrimental to the fire.

6, fire hydrant button

(1) fire hydrant button functionality not Qi

Common errors include 4 types.

A, fire hydrant button cannot directly open pump, only through the linkage controller started the fire pump.

B, fire hydrant button starts no confirmation signal.

C, fire hydrant button does not display the alert, where parts of the body.


D, fire hydrant button through strong electric cycle pump 220V.

(2) temporary part of high pressure water supply system is not set in the fire box direct cycle pump button

7, fire water tank

(1) the roof with tank water pipe network without express fire

(2) combined with water tanks without fire-fighting water special measures

(3) fire water tank outlet check valve is not set.

8, the roof is not set check test fire hydrant