【 Weak current college 】 computer room and electronic equipment room select extinguishing system principles

— Several common extinguishing agent and appliance comparison

Computer room is a product of high-tech era. In reality, the electrical equipment for computer room for a long time with load, as the cable wires and electronic elements of aging, short circuit, a fire broke out at any time; after all, if other parts of the same building on fire, nest, Ann have eggs? thus computer room security fire is our new topic of fire.
With the growing popularity of electronic equipment, in order to protect the expensive electronic equipment and data resources, various extinguishing agent and fire suppression equipment also had to launch phase. As a result of computer and electronic equipment room environment better, alarm system, without too many special requirements, present various alarm systems are essential. But on the extinguishing agent is more controversial, new fire and extinguishing agent in the application process the changes experienced by provoking. In fire danger, fire fighting, protection of the environment, economical and practical, and many other factors in choosing a satisfactory fire protection programme, its complexity far beyond their imagination. Conscientiously sum up my fire, the fire for the new century that the correct direction, of great significance. The author in respect of computer and electronic equipment room of environmental conditions, to present a more extensive mining of extinguishing agent and the device itself, performance, and environmental protection aspects, for a description and comparison.
The current widely used in computer rooms, electronic devices and fire extinguishing agent types such as storeroom, primarily carbon dioxide, halon (1211, 1301), and in recent years, from overseas introduction of seven fluoride binghua silane (FM200), inergen (INERGEN) clean gas and ultra-fine powder, Sol, and other types of gas fire extinguishing agents and equipment.
1 halon
Halon (1211, 1301) extinguishing agent appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, began to aircraft and ships. In the early 1970s, United States Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed and adopted 1301 fire extinguishing system and 1211 fire-extinguishing system of formal standards, thus prompting 1211 in worldwide speed promotion. Introduction of China's halon and research started in 1964, but the system and related specification standards to the 80 's to start.
Halon fire extinguishing agent is replaced with halogen Atom alkanes compounds in some or all of the hydrogen atom is the generated has a fire-fighting capability of compounds collectively, also known as "halon fire extinguishing agent". As a cleaning agent has been vigorously thrust, widely used in various kinds of power electronic equipment room, the 1970s found halon to undermine one of the main atmospheric ozone layer. 1991 adopted the Montreal Protocol (amended on case), all developed countries have the complete cessation of the use of halon, China will be held this year and 2010 respectively 1211 and 1301 fire extinguishing agent fully disabled.
2 carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the Earth's atmospheric composition, used as the extinguishing agent began in the 19th century, there are more than 100 years of history in China also has the CO2 fire-extinguishing system design specifications ", which in normal temperature and pressure is a colorless, tasteless, non-conductive, chemistry is neutral, non-corrosive gases, in the architectural design fire protection standard provisions can be used in the file room, power electronics equipment room, a large number of sites. The fire-fighting mechanism is diluted oxygen, suffocation, also have a cooling effect. But in recent years to apply to some electronic equipment room is in question, mainly because of its lethal concentration on the human body is 20%, while the minimum fire extinguishing concentration but to 34% (electronic equipment, computer room design concentration ≥ 40%). Despite delay 30s to evacuate the protection area personnel measures, but accidents may, maiming domestic also. Due to its fire-fighting mechanism is diluted oxygen, fire rate is low, often wait until the fire going, its protection of computers and other devices as early as burnt, fire-fighting has lost its significance; CO2 extinguishing agent in the automatic fire fighting aspects can only make the distribution network, except firefighting efficiency low, in practice often using high pressure liquid storage of high-voltage system and the low voltage system low pressure storage; high pressure storage needs the number of multiple cylinder group, covers an area of large, on the storage environment temperature requirements more stringent. Low-voltage system needs peripheral refrigeration equipment, the cost is high, the transport pipeline also require strict. In addition, the Jet has a relatively strong when freezing effect, in-room items frosting, air condensation occurs in thick fog, mist, actually is CO2 on electronic equipment, magnetic recording device has a certain influence. Then a dispute because CO2 is causing three Atomic molecular structure, the Earth "greenhouse effect" and, accordingly, the CO2 in it was often the computer room and electronic equipment room promotion should seriously,
3 seven fluoride binghua silane
Heptafluoropropane aka (FM200) or the United States HFC-227ea Great Lakes products. Gaseous at normal temperature, colorless, odorless, its mechanism and halon fire extinguishing, to break the chain of fire burning more quickly when the mist, spray and must freeze phenomenon, belongs to the chemical extinguishing the fire, the pharmacy in high temperature decomposition of some toxicity, in fire generated large amounts of hydrogen gas, combined with the gaseous water to form hydrofluoric acid, hydrofluoric acid is corrosive strong acid, the skin, paper, glass, precision instruments have a strong acid rot. Pharmacy storage pressure usually 2.5MPa or 1.2MPa. It can only serve as a substitute for the "halon" transition product, does not protect your computer and other electronic devices.
4 inergen
Inergen (INERGEN)), also known as United States IG-541 Wei (ANSUL) products, it is carbon dioxide, argon and nitrogen to 52: 40: 8 ratio of volume of an extinguishing agent. Its three components were not active gases, as basic constituents of the atmosphere. Colorless, tasteless, non-conductive, non-corrosive, non-environmental restrictions in the extinguishing process without any decomposition. The fire-fighting mechanism to dilute oxygen, smothering. One of the main stimulate human carbon dioxide of respiration, so that the body can be lower than 12% of the oxygen concentration is still able to breathe through increased concentration and speed up the respiratory rate and get enough oxygen and, in this atmosphere concentration combustion cannot continue. Its disadvantage is when sprayed on noise, store multiple, store cylinder group pressureForce at room temperature (21 ° c) when, for 15MPa injection nozzle for minimum pressure 2.24MPa. High pressure increases very dangerous, but also relatively easy to leak, pipe fitting materials, installation, maintenance of high level requirements; as with carbon dioxide, its fire extinguishing mechanism to dilute oxygen, smothering, fire-fighting slow is the Achilles ' heel. Upfront costs and maintenance costs too high it is difficult to have one of the reasons for the extension and application.
5 Sol
Sol is a smoke-fire extinguishing agent, its emblem grain through the oxidant, reducing agents and bonded fabrics combined with a solid material combustion. Has a high dispersion, high concentration characteristics, most particle diameter smaller than 1um emblem. Its main compositions of alkali metal salts (main potassium) play a major role in the fire. This kind of extinguishing agent abroad has also been studied and applied to the unmanned warehouse and warehouse areas, but fails to promote. Aerosol has the advantage of low prices, its main disadvantages: (1) heating: Sol in combustion reaction when large amounts of heat, causing the temperature to rise, possibly on the vents in the former 1m or objects. Sol is not transparent, low visibility, directly affect the evacuation. (2) corrosion and conductivity: aerosol formation of high concentration in the air, water and colloid contains components, metal salts is bound to reduce air resistance. Particulate matter with strong suction capacity, it is easy to glue in the circuit boards and electronic advancement, although in the short term effects unnoticeable, but metal salts of conductivity and corrosion can dramatically shorten equipment life. (3) toxicity: Sol has low toxicity and potential harm to the human body. So, Sol does not conform to the computer and electronic equipment room of basic environmental conditions that apply to these sites is not appropriate.
6, ultra-fine powder
New on the market today there is a completely different from ordinary powder "Superfine powder extinguishing agent" is a kind of particle size in 5 micron powder, on atmospheric depletion for energy (ODP) is zero, the value for the room effect (GWP) to zero, the fire extinguishing efficiency is normal ABC powder extinguishing agent for 6-10 times, is seven fluoride binghua-10 times, the extinguishing agent is 15 times more carbon dioxide, is the world's identification of extinguishing fire suppression effect of the highest, the lowest concentration of fire, the fire extinguishing agent non-toxic, harmless for human skin and respiratory irritant, on protection from non-corrosive; in normal not to disassemble, not caking moisture, not with good fluidity, diffuse and electric insulation. To achieve full submerged automatic fire extinguishing and partial protection fire; the fire extinguishing agent also has a little flaw: spot left after the fire, although after dust fire scene is extremely easy to clean, use a vacuum cleaner or brush clearing, equipment, instruments and has no effect; but, after all, was a sad little shortcoming. From the moment of all fire extinguishing agent, ultra-fine powder extinguishing agent to early suppression, efficient extinguishing features to green features, including computer rooms, electronic equipment room, fire place, especially with matching ultra-fine powder without network automatic fire extinguishing system, electrical control with multiple products simultaneously start, through links with fire alarm, smoke detector and heat detector detects fire signal at the same time, the fire alarm control unit to automatic fire extinguishing device output a start signal, automatic fire extinguishing device starts release extinguishing. Realized early on, fast response, high efficiency, greater demands on fire; and installation and maintenance simple, low cost, is a good fire fighting products.
After the above comparison, we have a variety of fire extinguishing agent application in the computer room has an idea of; in my view: in the beginning of the computer and move towards the society, its magic computation function and high prices were not mentally prepared. Due to the lack of experience, a good horse with good saddle and soothe the effect of two different mindsets, requires that the computer room of fire must select clean gas fire extinguishing agent, has developed a computer room gas specification. At the time, these provisions are correct, at least understandable. The so-called good horse with good saddle mentality that means clean gas fire-extinguishing this new approach should have a place in the high technology, rather mysterious and expensive computer seems to be only innovative clean gas fire extinguishing to match each other; and soothe the mind is reflected in the fire's while protecting your computer.
Previously, use clean gas fire extinguishing the main reason is "protected computer". In fact, for this reason it is not much sense. We know that the performance of computer hardware has been subject to price changes, i.e., Moore's law every 18 months, the performance is double the price reduced by half. That is, from 1982 to 1995, computer hardware performance price has changed 8 double change. The same performance of the computer, the 1995 price just 1982 1/28 times, that is, less than 1/250. The original value of $ 1 million computers now worth only a few thousand dollars, along with the popularization of science and technology, computer and electronic product of universal application, and then form the basis for that year is absurd.
Fire loss in truly great is the loss of user data, it can destroy all the utilities and even users affected community. On this point, we are fully aware of the basis or need not choose the clean gas fire of ideas. Just because it's important that we want to select, ultra fine dry powder fire extinguishing effect best extinguishing agent; (1) the fire had killed at an early stage is the protection of the fundamental. (2) fire is fire, ultra-fine powder extinguishing agent in the scene after the fire is easier to clean. (3) in General, important data owners also have strong data protection awareness and reliable backup tools and system, important data not readily available in a complete loss in the fire.
Accordingly, the clean gas fire does not apply to computer room. Halon fire extinguishing effect is good, but would not have been able to consider. Other alternatives gas suffocation, toxic, low temperature effect and their expensive price and maintenance costs that were not willing to use them. The most fundamental is the effect of extinguishing them, sometimes several minutes later. We know that the fire loss than the missed opportunities for early fire suppression.
To sum up, a computer room not clean gas fire, clean gas fire also does not apply to computer room. Therefore, the computer roomShould be installed clean gas fire extinguishing system. Computer room fire extinguishing system should choose efficient ultra-fine powder extinguishing agent, for important computer room, you should increase the alarm system control system standards. For example the use of smoke, temperature sensing and automatic fire extinguishing device linkage system, fully submerged fire so that the control is more reliable, misoperation. In addition, the existing building of fire extinguishers configuration design code to include a computer room, civil construction design of fire extinguishers configuration made a detailed provisions, which is effective at the beginning of fire fighting computer room.
Extensive fire codes, impact, wide-scale is not easy to accurately grasp the martial law. In the specification for development, in developing improved specification, is that we should take a positive attitude; the purpose of fire protection engineering lies in the fire and protection at the same time.