【 Weak current college 】 building fire system---the first section of the fire protection system overview---Power By 【 China power house network 】

With the rapid development of the national economy, some industrial building, tall buildings and large building complex. Its internal structure and settings constantly modernized, feature is also increasingly complete. 　　Electricity, fire, gas and chemicals applied more widely, so that the work on the fire and prevent fire place high demands.　　Fire protection system is a comprehensive professional works, it includes water, electricity, automation, and other types of job, therefore, must work closely with each other, to high speed and high quality to complete this project. This section from the fire causes and characteristics, fire classification, analyses the characteristics of the building fire safety systems and the importance of fire prevention and building height of classification, fire protection system of the composition and structure, etc.　　Through the study, the requirements for building fire causes and characteristics of the building fire, clear fire composition and structure of the system. I. building fire causes and characteristics of the fuel and oxidizer role of fever, usually associated with flame, glow and smoke phenomenon, known as burning.　　Fire formation process is a complex of heat, light, chemical phenomenon is combustible elements free radicals in a chain reaction.　　If there is combustible, but also exists for the burning heat and combustion oxygen or oxidizers can constitute the necessary and sufficient conditions for the fire. 1. building fire causes ① human factors. ② electrical accidents. 　　③ the ignite combustibles.　　2. fire burning process can be divided into smoldering fire, explosion and off three phases. 3. building fire characteristics ① fire hazard, hazardous. ② the fire spread very fast and fierce. ③ fire suppression is difficult. ④ building evacuation of persons and goods. 　　⑤ serious consequences. 4. fire classification (1) classification by burning burning burning mode category fire risk assessment parameters A class:
Ordinary solid fuel combustion of wood and wood products, plywood, Fiberboard, paper, cardboard, furniture;

Cotton, cotton cloth, clothing, bedding, food, grains, beans;

Synthetic rubber, synthetic fibers, synthetic plastics, electrical products, chemical raw materials, construction materials, decoration materials ① melting and evaporation and combustion
② sublimation combustion
③ the thermal decomposition of combustion
④ surface burner ignition, for melting point, specific surface, oxidation

Performance, density, thermal conductivity, thermal inertia B class:
Grease and oil-burning all flammable liquids, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, heavy oil, animal and vegetable oils; alcohol, benzene, ethyl ether, acetone liquid steam and air for combustion flash point. Of which:
① the flash point is less than 28 ° c for class a fire risk substances such as gasoline
② the flash point is greater than or equal to 28 ° c, less than 60 ° c for class b fire substance, such as kerosene
③ the flash point is greater than or equal to 60 ° c for class c fire substance, such as diesel, vegetable oil C class:
Combustible gas combustion hydrogen, acetylene, methane, carbon monoxide, ammonia, pipes or bottled gas, premixed combustion ① ② diffusion combustion ① ② explosion limit lower explosion limit: D
Combustible metals combustion lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, aluminum, titanium, zinc, zirconium, hafnium, plutonium and thorium and uranium direct combustion heat of combustion, the combustion temperature (2) press the fire severity classification fire killed 10 people or more (including 10 people), serious injuries; death of more than 20 people, injured over 20 people; affected more than 50 families; burning of financial losses of $ 1 million or more serious fire death 3 or more people, more than 10 people were injured; death, serious injury more than 10 people; affected more than 30 families; burned more than 30 million financial loss generally fire does not have any major fires, for general fire II, the fire system characteristics and importance of modern high-rise buildings, a building area of large, high floor, standards, personnel are crowded, the decoration of the complex (repair of commonly used wood, carpet, etc are inflammable materials) fire, electrical devices, such as elevator equipment, water supply and drainage equipment, refrigeration equipment, boiler room electrical equipment, kitchen appliances, washing machine room electrical equipment, air-conditioning system, electrical equipment, fire protection equipment, electrical equipment rooms, electric lighting systems and electronic devices, and so on, power consumption, power distribution, telecommunication networks, such as improper operation of a Warren or overload, short-circuit, are vulnerable to fire.　　Therefore, in addition to the building's floor, building decoration materials selection, equipment selection and configuration has a lot of restrictions, you must implement the "as main, anti-binding" approach, using advanced automatic fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system with alarm and fighting for fire alarm early and control the fire and extinguishing time and a high degree of automation. Third, building height classification ① low-rise: 9 and 9-residential (including the underlying set of business service network of residential). ② multilayer construction: construction height is less than or equal to 24 other civil and industrial construction. ③ high-rise building: 10 floors and 10 storey residential buildings (including the underlying set of business service network of residence), or building height exceeding 24m and architectural layers for layer 2 and Layer 2 industrial buildings above. 　　④ Super high-rise building: building height equal to or greater than 100m.　　Description: building height measured from the top of the parapet outdoor ground to the roof surface, or the height of the eaves; rooftop observation towers, cooling towers, water tanks, microwave antennas, elevator machine room, engine room ventilation and smoke extraction and export of stairs and other small room does not count the number of building height and layer; building basements, roof surface of semi-basement high ground not exceeding 1.5m, not included in the layer.　　IV. fire protection system of the composition and structure of the fire protection system is made up of automatic fire alarm system, fire fighting and fire protection system. 1. automatic fire alarm system
Automatic fire alarm system is mainly composed of detectors, alarm display and automatic fire alarm controller, etc. 2. fire-fighting and fire fighting system (1) fire-fighting equipment
Fire extinguishing devices can be divided into water fire suppression equipment and other commonly used fire suppression equipment. Where water fire suppression equipment and fire extinguishing systems and automatic sprinkler system. Other commonly used fire extinguishing device into gas fire extinguisher system, stemPowder extinguishing systems, foam extinguishing systems, steam fire extinguishing systems and mobile fire extinguishers, etc. (2) mitigation appliances
Common mitigation appliances has fire doors, fire shutter, smoke control equipment, etc. (3) refuge emergency device
A dedicated emergency refuge devices have emergency lighting, fire, accident, fire, dedicated phone communication, fire the elevator and the refuge of high-rise building level, etc. (4) radio communication equipment
Fire broadcasting and fire special communication systems including fire radio, fire dedicated telephone and intercom.