【 Weak current College 】 architectural design fire protection standard does not explicitly part of the common problems of

In recent years, the Chinese construction industry with the national economic construction was leaps, urban architecture, architectural feature is the most complex ever, many architectural design involves the design fire protection standard (hereinafter buildings》) failed to clear part, to the examination work brings a certain degree of difficulty, a little lax will be buried under the fire hazard. To fully understand and apply norms for the handling of actual problems, to better serve the economic construction, it is of great practical significance. First, the lighting well above the roof material
The norms requirements: buildings》 section 2.0.1 provides;
Fire-resistant grade I and II buildings, the fire resistance of roof load bearing members, respectively, should not be less than 1.5 hours and 0.5 hours, and should be made of non-combustible materials.
Frequently asked questions: many building with an atrium, lighting well, escalators, etc opening area. The need for lighting, opening area above the roof Sun glass, plates, transparent material, the material is non-burning material, but most of the fire resistance is not up to requirements.
Treatment methods:
(A) of the Atrium, etc opening area surrounded with firewall, fire shutter, fire compartmentation, fire opening area can form an independent internal fire partitions, and not set the evacuation of the aisle, no one prevailing at the time of the fire, the available glass roof.
(Ii) if the opening area around no fire compartmentation or fire personnel from lighting the tent, the roof under the evacuation should be fire-resistant time of not less than 0.5 hour fireproof glass. If using ordinary glass shall have a sprinkler system to protect it.
2. building materials for load-bearing steel Widget
The norms requirements: in accordance with article 2.0.5 buildings》 stipulates that the secondary fire resistance rating building roofs where fire resistance is not lower than 0.5 hour load bearing members have difficulties, you can use unprotected layers of metal components; however, a, b, c liquid flame burns to the site, the fire protection measures should be taken.
FAQ: light steel structure workshop due to building fast, less investment and large-scale use in solid fuel for r workshop and Ding, "power house roof-bearing structure, but most of these plants do not take fire protection measures.
Treatment methods: from normative provisions see seems to be non-combustible liquids r workshop, civil construction, steel construction, roofing for fire protection processing is not required, but the provisions from the standard, as well as the building's fire risk, and more for fuel, more, area, evacuation distance long labor intensive workshops (such as clothing, footwear, textiles, toys, and other productive enterprises), as well as personnel more large dining room, large room, sports stadiums, theatres and other places, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, its roof metal components should be used for spraying fire retardant coating, ensure that the fire resistance of not less than 0.5 hours. 　　You can set automatic sprinkler system. III. building materials for internal floor attic
The norms requirements: buildings》 section 2.0.1 provides primary and secondary levels of the building's fire-resistant floors should be made of non-combustible material, and fire resistance of not less than 1.5 hours and 1 hour.
FAQ: in some primary and secondary fire resistance rating building users to fully utilize space, often storey high building, with wooden structures to make building the attic can not reach the level of primary and secondary fire resistance requirements.
Treatment methods:
(A) floors of the load bearing members should adopt non-burning material, in the case of a steel materials should be spraying coatings;
(B) wooden floor and upper floor surface brush fire-retardant coatings and nonflammable requirements; floor ceiling should be made of non-combustible material, and fire resistance should not be less than 0.5 hours;
(3) floor above should be supported for nonflammable material or non-combustible material flooring;
(4) to take such measures, the architectural space can be seen as a four-level architecture of refractory grade, in the case of a general civil space, fire partition size should not exceed 600m2, if made public entertainment use, you should set the automatic sprinkler system and automatic fire alarm system.
Fourth, plant, civil construction between fire separation between
The norms requirements: buildings》 section 3.3.1 of industrial buildings and other architectural fire between spacing, and pointed out that the spacing is low, fire precautions can be taken. The provisions of note ④: b, c, d, r, between buildings (except for class a buildings), adjacent to the outer walls of the higher side of the firewall, its fire separation is not limited.
FAQ: two building height the same fire resistance rating I and II buildings, the fire separation to determine.
Treatment methods: as long as the building roof fire resistance is not less than 1 hour, there is a wall as a firewall and firewalls on both sides of the door and window spacing in compliance with the specifications, the fire separation can be unlimited.
The norms requirements: buildings》 section 3.3.1 article note ③ provides two primary and secondary fire resistance ratings powerhouse, when lower side wall adjacent to the firewall and the roof of the fire resistance of not less than 1 hour, it may be appropriate to reduce the fire separation, but tall plant, a., CPI plant spacing of not less than 6m, c, d, r workshop not less than 4 m.
Buildings》 section 3.3.4 stipulates that buildings can be arranged in groups.
FAQ: two adjacent buildings can be adjacent facade as a firewall, or even the layout of the building as a group, but a group of architectural space up to 4 m or 6m requirements.
Treatment methods: If these factories, covers an area of not more than one fire partitions allow for a maximum area, and the workshop area of not more than 3000m2, these buildings can be seen as a building construction, the building can be seen as "large building" of the firewall, the spacing between the small plants can be unlimited. Because a large factory building sections together, so no spacing problem, if a building plant to meet safety requirements, the separation between the various components of a certain distance, it should be more secure and more meet fire safety requirements. According to article buildings》 6.0.4, these small workshop area are not greater than 3000 m2, are located around is not requiredRing of fire road. Of course, this "large building" and other fire fighting facilities (such as a fire hydrant, fire separation, etc.) should meet buildings》 requirements.
Similarly, for civil construction of fire between spacing problems, can also be dealt with by the above method.
Fifth, the existing production plant, warehouse and office building complex design of fire
The norms requirements: buildings》 no such building fire design clearly.
FAQ: with the private economy and the continuing development of some such as the small garment factory, small printers, small toy factory, production, Stockpiling, Office in one integrated architecture. There are still hiring for Office buildings.
Treatment methods:
(A) industrial buildings cannot be residential or staff gathering places;
(Ii) may not be a fire hazard, CPI and production of fire danger to c, d, r workshop cannot appear open fire;
(3) fire danger fire risk according to production room (industrial area and a total construction area of less than 5%);
(4) workshop in stock of combustible materials shall not exceed a quantity shift;
(5) the shop and the Office should take no less than 4 hours of partition wall and 1 hour of floors separated, such as the wall must open the door, you should use class a fire door;
(6) the Office should be located near the exit; combustible materials warehouse settings in the aisle of the end;
(7) application class b fire door set closed stairs;
(8) should meet buildings》 other requirements.