【 Weak current College 】 on fire personnel psychology to escape---Power By 【 China power house network 】

In the footsteps of the elderly with history, humanity has moved from the shanty cottage of reinforced cement, from the forest has already lost the original Savage on Vulcan's fear. With the constant fire after being robbed, there is always a strong bias towards summary into the cause of the fire and the lessons learned, and how to living, why the deceased died cause little exploration of enthusiasm. Due to the fire of human psychological reaction to psychological instability, do not know how to take in the fire escape-action, resulting in a group of dead fire continually injury malignant. Compared with the awareness that our nationals escaping awareness and skills is even more weak and inadequate, often resulting in heavy casualties, blood and fire lessons that we wake up to the fact that inspire positive psychology, eliminate negative psychological for improving and stabilizing fire personnel psychology, to reduce the fire casualties have been of great help, I just fire personnel psychology to escape some influence on the superficial view.

First, fire type of psychological reflect:
Human activities are understood to psychological manifestations of external, human activities are understood to psychological external manifestations, such manifestations are people and the surrounding social and natural environment formed as a result, interaction between people's mental quality differences, the people in the same environment where psychological activities, objective and external changes in the environment, are bound to arouse people's mental activity changes. Fire, burning of high temperature smoke baked, high tension and chaos of scenes and forces'prime of very poor visibility that will give people a big psychological pressure, heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension change significantly and cause emotional produces a high degree of stress. In stressful situations, because each person's psychological differences, will exhibit different reaction. Some people are good in stressful situations, their brain operation quickly, hyperactive, thinking of logic. Thus in the Act, is to take a positive attitude toward the immediate fire, take decisive measures to protect itself, other people or property. In fact help, there are a number of people in emergency situations you will become aware, of confusion, perception and memory lapses, and make an inappropriate reaction and all sorts of unusual behavior. As the fire some people only know the door, but I wonder if the door; the wall when the door bang hit, and so on. To sum up about the fire on the escape of psychological reflection of three types: one is to panic. The fire alarm is the accepted exceptions stimulated disaster demonstrated an anxiety State or behavior of the State, which in extreme irritation, terror environment caused by psychological reactions are not controlled, arising out of the result often is unfortunate. Second, bunching, bunching of fire is because of external pressures and threats together, so that everyone has to gather in a dependent, subject to fire against the victims are reluctant to throw away this collective, individuals lose their own ideas and judgments, often resulting in a weak sense of self, to blindly abandon the original acts, "the crowd". The third is the blind obedience. The fire of blind obedience is the individual affected by induction, results and other individual consistent behavior. As a tall building fire, some staff have the burning layer down to the first floor, this is out of danger. However, due to a person at the door of the stair edges found does not open, then fold them floor, other people with their upstairs, the fire forced down, door does not open, and on the floor, so most of the victims, finally. In fact, they just turn around and through a corridor to the lobby level of the escape, they can out of danger, but no one from this escape.

Second, the fire in the adverse psychological quality factors:
1. start a fire in an adverse psychological qualities of subjective factors: one is the psychological adjustment. At the scene of the fire, and when you see the usual dependence and familiar environment, because of the smoke and hot air and gas diffuse, a fire of burning is defacing, lost environmental dependencies, produces a feeling of doubt. The second is the physiological quality difference. Due to the fire zone temperature rise, the victims at a loss, blocking the view so that the smoke victims and disoriented, oxygen content reduces the victims dyspnea, unresponsive, and fire generated in a large number of poisonous gas that affected by intoxication or nervous system is affected by paralysis. The third is the slow performance of mental, resulting in reduced memory and judgment. Because of smoke and toxic gases, the survivors of brain oxygen deficiency, thinking activity is limited, leading to a decline in memory and judgment.

2. start a fire in an adverse psychological qualities of objective factors: first, the occurrence of accidental fire. Faced with a sudden catastrophe, the environment is something completely different, psychological pressure surge, which breaking people's capacity to conduct individual lost control, resulting in behavior out of control. The second is an infectious fire environment. When a fire around the crowd with a loss of tension affect others which in turn generate more individual emotions, causing emotional climax of infection, resulting in an atmosphere of doubt, the person's mental quality is affected by the impact on the safe evacuation of error action? panic, blind conformity. As Jilin a crowded dance halls in night fire, people desperate and even stepped down others, tried desperately to export flee. At the exit, and people flock to the last casualties. The Fire Department when cleaning up disaster scene, discovered the body there is a deposited meter high. Third, the transience of fire hazards. Many people think, and huomo deal more time, the actual situation? generally, building fire burning through ten minutes, you can reach the violent phase. Removal of fire and other delays found, for you have time, is one of the few. Although the fire has not been and are being, and the scene of people will be high-temperature heat Burns, and immediately, Inferno. Problems not only that, if the fire raged for a short process, and the fire of heat and toxic smoke, fires in an instant hit, covered with fire space. According to the relevant data records, fire hit stage smoke horizontal diffusion speed 0.5? 0.8 m/s, smoke in the stairwells, elevator shaft, vertical wells of vertical diffusion rate for 3-4 m/s. According to the height of the Tangshan linxi department store, space, channel, and so the actualSituation, the experts believe that high temperature flue gas via the East side of the staircase consists of a layer spread to three floors only need 3? 4 seconds, from the eastern side of the spread to the West of just 69? 111 seconds. The highest value as described above, in the estimation of the second and third floors of the building of a salesperson or customer, starting from the discovery of fire must be 2 minutes away from the building, in order to survive. Just imagine, in such a valuable and brief periods of time, in the extremely complex and chaotic scene, one without learning and training, do not possess the basic knowledge and skills for escape, there is no perfect mental quality that want to take action to escape, smooth out of danger, it is difficult to play, the blue sky.

3. stimulate positive psychology, eliminate negative psychological method:
The fire environment, in the role of psychological factors, affected persons would have a positive or negative psychological reaction. Positive psychological reactions that psychological adjustment ability is strong, it is manifested in the scene of the fire, the victims initiative, courageous fight with fire, leisurely self-help or even organize others escape. Negative psychological reaction that mental quality is poor, the vulnerable because of the feelings and mood swings, behavioral, causing an error. Mental quality is not the moment you can rapidly increase, but it is through education and training can be strengthened. Education and training is to stimulate positive psychology, psychology of overcoming the negative basic means, its mission is to transform ideas, knowledge and skills. Translate thought is to enable us to correctly deal with and understanding of the disaster. Growth in the knowledge that requires understanding and knowledge of fire related. Improving skills, is asking people to handle fire accident basic questions of a general approach. And the growth of knowledge, improve skills are improving mental quality that adapt to external changes of important aspects of the situation. As a community member you should master the basic knowledge, fostering strong will and stable mental quality: one is to understand the harmfulness of narcotic. Smog is a fire in the pyrolysis process or a product formed by combustion. In recent years, with polymer composite materials in the construction, decoration and furniture industry widely, fire smoke toxicity is growing. Smoke into the fire of masked killer. Most of the combustible fire scene contains carbon, when a sufficient supply of air, carbon burning and produces carbon dioxide, but when the air is low, they form a dangerous carbon monoxide. Unless the fuel and air mixture well in advance, otherwise the combustion area of air supply is often inadequate. Material Burns, may form the major harmful gases include: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, etc. Such as carbon monoxide is a colorless, tasteless, irritant gases. Carbon monoxide in the majority of the fire is not toxic combustion gases in the biggest one, but it is in the fire, in the absence of control of combustion conditions resulting in the largest and most typical toxic gases. After inhalation of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin combined with human body into carboxyhemoglobin, seriously impede blood oxygen carrying capacity and dissociation, hypoxemia, causing tissue hypoxia and carbonic acid accumulation in the form. Carbon monoxide and hemoglobin oxygen affinity than 300 x 200?, carboxyhemoglobin of dissociation and slower than oxyhemoglobin 3600 times. So a lot of carbon monoxide once inside the bloodstream, it can interfere with the delivery of oxygen, resulting in tissue poisoning, so when the air carbon monoxide content of up to 1%, others respiratory after lost consciousness several times, 1-2 minutes. Because of the fire burning is very complex, fire generated much more carbon monoxide. According to the information that the General fire room carbon monoxide concentration can reach 4% 5%, up to 10% by fresh life can bear. Smoke toxicity is very cruel, usually fire casualties of direct lethal factor in some group of dead injury can often find it in the fire rages in the dark. The second is the beginning of fire suppression methods. When you happen to confront the fire site, first of all should have knowledge of fire, decisive fight them. Because essentially, any escape choice are passive behaviour and improve preparedness and effective fighting, is a positive behavior. Start a prairie fire fires often at a single spark when your doing so not only is the embodiment of mental quality is available after the fire in the protection of other knowledge. Fire starting in the beginning is usually a smaller range of combustion, if found in a timely manner, the correct way, the use of fire fighting equipment properly and often can be extinguished. The third is the mastery of fire escape techniques. Fire resistance, because the site's location, distance, to escape the escape time, thus escape way cannot be required to be. Generally speaking, no matter how effective ways to safely reach the fire floor below, you can view basic out of danger. The author believes there are three methods available for reference: the first is run from the scene. This is the main way of escaping, once found on the scene or were aware of their potential, pyrotechnics and laid siege to life-threatening, immediate set down in the hands of the work, racing against time, managed to escape the escape must not delay. Out of danger, you should try to observation point of the fire, not along the flue gas, the fire has not been able to burn and stairs, emergency evacuation channel escape. The second is the recording to help themselves. In the ready to escape from the room before hand to touch the door, or small open joint observation, if the door perm or smoke threw herself into the fire is not far away from you, the door is very dangerous, this time to find another way out. The curtains, sheets in the growth of coarse, knot fastening rope, one end at a bearing negative weight objects, on the other side of the drop down window until the ground or in the lower window, balcony, with a rope down to escape. The third is positive to be invoked. Because of the subjective and objective factors, resulting in more choice cannot, or cannot be readily give up survival efforts. You should use the terrain and buildings, held to be invoked, under a blanket over her door, available with fabric and strict door blocking up splashing water, resist smoke attack, there is still hope. Thus, through education and training, I believe that every trainee will be determined to eliminate fire bad psychological effects on escape. Keep the fire wit stabilization psychological state, the purpose of achieving safe escape.