Sunday, March 27, 2011
【 Weak current College 】 catastrophic fires and disasters---Power By 【 China power house network 】
With the ongoing in-depth reform and opening up and development of the Socialist market economy, the country's rapid economic growth, and steady increase of national income, increasing overall national strength, the various social security systems more robust. Community level of civilization is also getting higher and higher. But with the socio-economic development, petroleum, chemical industry, public gathering places, high-rise buildings, underground buildings increase, various types of serious fire and various kinds of disasters in an increasing number of troops fire rescue task will become more cumbersome, difficult and dangerous disposal. This also gave the Army fire extinguishing and rescue work of logistics also put forward higher requirements.
So what is catastrophic fires and special disaster relief? fire extinguishing means the death of 10 or more (10 people); death and serious injury of more than 20 people; affected more than 50 families; direct property loss of 100 million fire suppression. Special disaster relief is the fire brigade in disposing of these 6 cases of disasters: (1) various chemical dangerous goods leak accident; (2) join floods, storms, earthquakes and other natural disasters of rescue; (3) participation in a plane crash, major traffic accident rescue; (4) to participate in building collapse of emergency rescue work; (5) participation in a terrorist attack and sabotage and other emergencies emergency rescue; (6) in the units and people in distress relief to seek help and rescue relief work, etc. (The national public security Secretary keung fire brigade rescue work Conference speech). According to an August 19 in Chengdu, national fire brigade rescue work press conference statistics indicate that, since 1999, the national public security fire forces were deployed 107 million, of which large fires and catastrophic disaster rescue 29.7 million times, 27.8%, rescuers 3 million people. Especially in Shanghai "7.17" gantry crane collapse events, across the Urumqi "IX. 8" explosion, Shenyang "nine." tank fire, fire, etc. Xing'an fire extinguishing and catastrophic disaster assistance in the performance of the most courageous and success. Of course these catastrophic fires and special casualty of successful rescue cannot be separated from the fire brigade of on-site logistics support. But so far only, national fire brigade there is no set of large fires and special accident rescue on-site logistics support system and system standards. The author tries to publish this article in order to draw out the puzzle.
I. current catastrophic fires and special disaster relief site logistics (following a brief to the on-site logistics) situation and the difficulties faced.
1. insufficient attention.
National Fire Brigade currently prevailing on fighting fire and special disaster rescue on-site logistics support for the work of importance is not enough, some believe that is the "decent work"; others emphasize funding difficulties, no forms a unified leadership system, there is no complete on-site logistics support system.
2, no set up corresponding field protection of organization.
To date, there is no a detachment to set up on-site logistics support unified leadership of organisations in the field of logistics support often uses the random method "pumping up his team."
3, there is no corresponding plans.
As the fire brigade special troops frequently petroleum, chemical industry, public gathering places, high-rise buildings, underground construction, accidents can cause damage, harm, injury of large, high-impact units, develop detailed fire rescue plan, but these plans are often missing in the how to do on-site logistics support programmes and measures, and other content, or the lack of synthesis walkthrough.
4, on-site logistics support slow process of socialization.
One is the advance field logistics support slow process of socialization. No relying on social protection, rely on fire a singing "one-man show" difficult to form a joint force, for example, do not have sufficient financial, technical, personnel and other community support is very difficult to successfully complete the on-site logistics support. Visible for financial, supply, medical, health, chemical and other departments on the field the importance of logistics support is evident. Second, countries do not yet have corresponding laws and regulations to regulate on-site logistics support for the work. Although China is a socialist legal State, laws and regulations is gradually built all-perfect, but currently lack the on-site logistics aspects of the laws, regulations, as well as the Western developed countries like the United Kingdom and other countries to establish a complete set of law to regulate on-site logistics support for the work.
II. on-site logistics support countermeasure and method.
1. unified leadership, awareness, strengthen do on-site logistics support our sense of responsibility and urgency.
On-site logistics support to large fires and special disaster relief leadership organization (Headquarters), under the leadership of a unified leadership. Strengthening field logistics leadership, we must fully understand the on-site logistics support for fire fighting and rescue work in the success of the important role played by knowledge to the field of logistics support priority seize, pay attention to the field of logistics support.
2. set up on-site logistics organization.
In large fire suppression and special disaster relief organization leadership (conductor), established under the unified leadership of site logistics organization. As on-site logistics organization heads must be fighting and rescue leadership organization (Headquarters) member. At the same time on-site logistics organization (team) and established a number of groups:
(1) establishment of fire fighting and disaster relief on-site rescue group. Primarily responsible for the catastrophic fires and special disaster relief and rescue personnel to the scene. Comprises mainly the detachment of Matara (team), the local hospital, public health and prevention unit staff, primary task is to take part in fighting and rescue efforts and injured workers and affected, victims of medical rescue work, contact good rear hospitals, ambulance vehicles, injured and disabled workers, such as ambulance work placement to ensure that fire fighting and disasterAmbulance work go on in order.
(2) set up on-site logistics equipments supply group. Primarily responsible for fire fighting and disaster relief needed equipment, equipment, fuel and other supplies. For example, like the fire suppression, Huangdao oil if not enough back-up of foam, water, oil, and other supply will not be able to successfully fight a fire.
(3) set up on-site logistics support group. Primarily responsible for on-site staff dining, warmth, care, accommodation, etc. contact the implementation work to ensure that troops battle strength. For example a greater fire rescue is tens of days, such as Shanxi coal mine methane explosion fall well accident rescue efforts will need half a months time, if not timely contact dining, accommodation, rest, washable and other logistical work, you simply cannot fight the continuous expansion and rescue work.
In the setting up of these three groups at the same time, must be equipped with the necessary field communication tool, in the field of logistics support group under unified leadership responsibilities clearly interrelated to achieve good on-site logistics guarantee results.
3, timely formulate plans to field exercise.
To develop scientific plans in a timely manner, these plans developed with force-fighting operation scheme and special team of serious fire suppression and special disaster response plan, and develop detailed plans, and carry out the plan to combine the walkthrough forces unit-in-training, combined with local departments of the walkthrough. At the same time, we must make full use of computer technology, scientific decision-making.
4, equipped with the necessary on-site logistics equipment.
As the fire suppression of complex and special disaster relief harder, increased risk, on-site logistics also raised higher and higher requirements. Especially for on-site logistics equipment construction also strict requirements. Ask the gradual detachment with on-site logistics equipment. For example, with on-site logistics life insurance car and fire trucks necessary decontamination equipment to protect the field fighting and rescue personnel to life and security, with the chemical enterprises of fire and explosion, accident, field personnel in addition to the wearing of fire protection, anti-virus or overalls, you must do a physical examination, treatment, decontamination, to prevent poisoning latent but leave sequelae.
5. reform field logistics work, efforts to promote the field of logistics support service system.
On-site logistics work alone Fire Department a home is not good to sing. The current one, must be introduced as soon as possible on the field of logistics support laws and regulations and policies, to clear the fire and rescue, medical, chemical, electricity, water supply, transport, telecommunications, chemicals, and other departments, to ensure that on-site logistics work laws, rule-based; the second is to accelerate on-site logistics service system. To all levels of Government under the leadership of unity, the establishment of sectoral linkage mechanism, fully mobilize and develop health, medical, communications, electricity, water, chemicals and other departments; third, the unified leadership at all levels of Government, further strengthening the coordination of the various sectors to explore and research work in the field of logistics support, and conduct comprehensive walkthrough to facilitate real time step.
6. strengthen logistics team-building, creating a perfect on-site logistics support team.
Building a State-of-the-art logistics team is the fire brigade building needs, but also ensure excellent on-site logistics support team of the prerequisite and basis. One is to improve the logistics on site security staff level of knowledge, ensure the overall quality of staff levels; second, strengthening the role of ideology and ethics education building, establish a correct view of life, from the political scene recognition enhanced sense of responsibility and dedication of logistics support.
【 Weak current College 】 fire knowledge: confronts the fire to teach you "ten tips to the hedging of small methods---Power By 【 China power house network 】
Fire deaths and injuries caused by two main aspects: first, smoke gas suffocation, fire burns and powerful thermal radiation. To avoid or reduce the harm that can protect their own safety, reducing injuries. Therefore, many have some scene of self-help tips, difficulties may get a second life.
1. fire self-help, always kept in escape routes
Everyone on his own work, study or live in the building's structure and escape path to understanding, to become familiar with the building's fire-fighting facilities and self-help escape method. In this way, when the fire broke out, would not have reached a dead end. When you are in an unfamiliar environment, be sure to heed evacuation channels, safe export and azimuth to key time as soon as possible.
2. fight small fires, benefit others, themselves
In the event of fire, the fire was not large, and not yet on the great threat, should make full use of the surrounding fire equipment such as fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, and other facilities will be a small fire control, fight. Don't panic and jerking channeling, or reset the disregard for others and oneself "open", or reset the slip a small fire to disregard and lead to disaster.
3. the tuyu fire evacuation, remain calm speed
Suddenly faced with the smoke and fire, it is important to stay calm, quickly judge the danger spots and a safe place, decided to escape to withdraw dangerous position as soon as possible. Do not blindly follow the flow of people and mutual crowded, chaotic ran rampant. Only calm to come up with any good solution.
4. as soon as possible out of danger, cherish life don't love Choi
In the scene, the life of your money. Escape danger, everything else, you must race against time, keep in mind is not greedy.
5. the rapid withdrawal, belly Mo standing
The withdrawal of the scene of the fire, when the smoke, sight see, choked with your breath, do not stand and walk should quickly climbed to the ground or squatting in order to find the way of escape.
6. make good use of the channel, in the elevator to go dead end
There is a fire, you can use the stairs, and other security export, you can use the building's balcony, Bay window, skylights, climb to a safe place, around or along a downcomer, lightning conductor and other building structures projection from sliding down.
7. pyrotechnics siege, hedge cling to bargain
When the escape was cut and the short time no relief, may take to find or create a refuge, cling to be invoked. First close the doors and Windows at the fire, the fire doors and Windows open back, with a wet towel, wet cloth blocking the door or water wet blanket over doors and Windows, and then do not deactivate the water soaked through room to prevent smoke penetration tenacious to be invoked,.
8. jump from a surgery that holds it to not damage the body
Fires, many people choose to jump from escape. Jump from also to say, you should try to jump from a life-saving cushion Central jump or select a pool, soft awning, lawn, direction jump; if possible, try to hold some quilt, sofa cushion, loose items or open big umbrella jumped to mitigate impact.
9. fire and body, an in-place to toss MO was run
The fire trap his clothes catch fire, you should immediately seek to take off clothes or in-place to toss seedlings, pressure fire; timely jumped into the water or the assignee against body spray extinguishing agent watering, is even more effective.
10. danger to self, don't forget to save others
Any person found to fire, should call for help "119" telephone, fire to fire reported in a timely manner. The scene of children and the sick who I do not possess or have lost the ability to help themselves, in the presence of other people among themselves, but also should be actively helping them escape from danger as soon as possible.
【 Weak current College 】 public fire---city gas, liquefied petroleum gas production and transmission and distribution sector fire-Power By 【 China power house network 】
1. a gas as a fuel, the combustible gas called gas, it has become urban public utilities and industrial users of important fuel resources, gas production can be divided into natural production and manufacturing. The raw material for production of gas was mainly coal and oil, artificial manufacturing methods are mainly made of coke oven gas, carbonization furnace system gas, water gas stove-gas, producer gas and oil-seed-gas, etc. Through the biogas production after the crude gas purification treatment, must meet the requirements, through the metrology room measurement before pressing into the gas tank or gas transmission and distribution network to users. Gas purification process including condensing cooling, carrying off, off tar fog, deaminase, benzene, desulfurization and naphthalene, and other processes. In gas production process, is also recyclable hundreds of chemical by-products. Gas combustion smoke-free, do not pollute the environment, a powerful, high thermal efficiency, to gas as fuel to energy conservation. But gas of inflammable, explosive, toxic, and other characteristics, determines its production and distribution process, potential fire and explosion hazards. Gas plant (station) once the discontinuation of the misfortune, endangers human life, and resulting in the loss of State property, and the people's daily life and industrial production. Therefore, you must
Pay attention to the gas factory (stations) of fire prevention. 1. fire risk (1) gas explosion and ignition sources in gas production, gas and air can form explosive gas mixtures, fire and explosion hazards generally blowing-in-time, stopping time, stuffy furnace, coal furnace when flying in falling, suddenly loses power, when suddenly the water, maintenance, and occurs when a gas leakage occurs. In the meantime there are major sources of ignition temperature of the production equipment L; maintenance of objects of welding and cutting, torch and the flame; lightning, static electricity; electrical equipment and wiring of electrical discharge; iron impact, friction resulting from Mars; smoking, arson, etc. (2) raw material preparation process ① to coal as raw material for gas production plants, coal stocks, stacking method incorrectly, piling up too high too large, stacked in time, will lead to oxidation of heat accumulation and not scattered occurrence of spontaneous combustion of coal in pieces, and grinding, sieving or loading and unloading, belt conveyor, also causing coal dust raised dust explosion. ② to residue as raw material for gas production plant, due to oil in storage, handling and transportation process may leak circulation makes oil vapor diffusion into the air resulting fire hazard. In addition, if suffering from lightning, static, and when to use open fire equipment overhaul, unless the fuel products. (3) gas production process ① use coke oven gas, coke oven made of oven door and out the top sometimes smoke fire ignite nearby combustibles and heating of the gas pipeline or valve pipe leak will also be affected by the injection of flame or high-temperature furnace wall of fire or explosion. ② by carbonization furnace-gas, the coal will be at a high temperature melting into adhesive resin, in the furnace wall and accumulation of vacant, jam channel, when the load is too large will suddenly drop to make the lower part of the space of the furnace gas rapidly press out from the bottom. While a large number of inhalation from the top, while in the air in the furnace and the crude gas mixture formation of explosive gases, high-temperature effects of an explosion. In addition, from the lower part of the launch of a large number of furnace gas, there is also a danger of explosion of the space. ③ use water for gas-gas, water gas in the main components are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in the event of a leak or inhalation of air in the production system, the formation of explosive gas mixtures and explosion. ④ with producer gas-making, production of fire danger basic and water gas-gas fire risks are the same. In addition, the producer of top of the operating room is also the key to gas leakage occurs, potentially significant fire hazard. ⑤ oil-gas, light oil itself fire danger to catalytic reactors, waste heat boilers, steam heat exchanger, air regenerator, the main production equipment of the potential occurrence of fire and explosion. In addition, oil-gas producing by-products of naphthalene and tar flammable or combustible also belongs to. (4) purification process ① in the carriage of processes, equipment and pipeline rupture occurred or by mistake, gas leakage occurs or inhaled air exhauster, especially shaft parts susceptible to the formation of micro leaks, there is the danger of explosive mixtures. ② in deaminase process, typically using water or dilute sulfuric acid absorption removal of ammonia gas contains. But the ammonia has flammable or explosive nature, if leakage can cause an explosion. In addition, dilute sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate has corrosion, damage etching equipment, pipeline, make the disclosure. ③ in awkward process, typically used to wash the oil absorption method for removing the gas contains benzene, benzene is a flammable liquid, scraps of iron in the air can occur leak happens spontaneous, can cause fire and explosion. ④ in the desulfurization process, using wet desulfurization of fire danger is equipment failure or mistake would cause a gas leak or inhalation of air, and the operator were arsenic poisoning; the use of dry method desulfurization of fire danger is due to the use of sorbents contains sulphide iron, wood dust and oil occurs spontaneous combustion, and oil vapour, gas leakage because of violation of fire and dry box pressurizing resulting explosion. ⑤ in naphthalene process, usually is uses light diesel oil and tea, light diesel oil is a flammable liquid, if packing and diesel tank leak yuhuoyuan will cause the explosion. (5) gas metering process metrology room of the meter in the event of a failure, and all kinds of valves, pipe fittings in the event of a gas leak, forming an explosive mixture. (6) gas transmission and distribution process ① gas Cabinet in long-running process will be based bear uneven subsidence, corrosion damage, the defect itself, the structure, produces a gas leak fire hazard. It is prone to leakage of parts and hanging ring Cup. ② gas pipeline corrosion or subjected to gas pipelines of lightning, which, if it occurs leakage with open flame or high-temperature light lamps for maintenance, we shall have a fire and explosion. (7) by-product of refining ① in the distillation of coal tar, due to the production of raw materials and products are volatile, oil vapour to form an explosive mixture with air, and the use of distillation pot open flame heating, temperature control, fire and explosion hazards. ② in the extraction of phenol, due to the production of raw materials and products for flammable and combustible liquids, toxic and corrosive, in the production operation, theAs a result of cocks, valves, often intermittent heating insulation, leakage or operation errors can lead to fire. (8) waste phenols process gas plant discharges wastewater contains a lot of phenol, cyanide, sulphur and other harmful substances, must be addressed. When using solvent extraction impulse leather phenols, as extractant heavy benzene is flammable explosive, use, processing and transportation process has produced vapor explosion, danger of liquid combustion. 2. fire precautions (1) gas plant (station) for general fire safety requirements ① gas plant (station) on the production site of building fire-rating requirements see table 3-22. ② gas plant (station) on the production site should have good natural and mechanical ventilation. A, b production sites should set the necessary explosion pressure relief area, explosion hazardous areas of the electrical equipment must have the explosion protection measures and mine facilities, as well as grounding device. In the dust collector, scrubber, gas mains and air duct installation of explosion-proof plate on the desirability or explosion-proof valve. In production systems should also set the steam cleaning and water installations, gas pipelines should be established in gas low-pressure alarm device. Production and distribution of all equipment and pipe should often check to prevent run, run, drip, leak. ③ gas plant (plant) in addition to production must use, are forbidden to carry matches, lighters, cigarette fires. Can't wear some spikes and chemical fiber clothes, as well as automobile, car or other motor vehicles into class a production areas. Table 3 — 22 gas plant (station) on the production site of architectural fireproof grade
Producer gas draining engine room, the meter room and desulfurization process
Transport coal coal machine room, corridor, ammonia water pumping station, ammonia, sulphur regeneration zone
Sulfur warehouses, waste water extraction engineering, laboratory, tar, tar distillation tank area is greater than or equal to level II r coal yard, other parts of the coke oven, power distribution unit greater than or equal to the second group d metal ego Workshop II or III "refractory materials, steel, etc. do not burn material warehouse
Metal-working shop second or third level
【 Weak current College 】 automatic alarm system in high-rise building complex application of intelligent---Power By 【 China power house network 】
Mankind has entered the 21st century, as China's national economic development and the overall strength of enhanced quality of life of the people have greatly improved the living conditions and the living environment has also been significantly improved. As the science and technology, control technology and communication technology development and application of high speed, automatic control technology, sensor technology has been widely used in industrial and civil construction, the building also has a certain smart. With network technology as the core of the rapid penetration of information technology, greatly expanding the architectural complex of the national space development, in built a group after group of intelligent housing community. According to the needs of the development of intelligent building, national (Xinhua)--the intelligence architectural design standard ", automatic fire alarm system as one of the content.
Because of the urban population growth, urban land resource scarcity, residential area built large comprehensive in high-rise buildings, the podium as the Siamese, many high-rise residential building on the podium, the podium with shopping malls and other public buildings. Northeast of Beijing wangjing a community as an example, the total area of about 70 million square meters, building with underground garage, podium for supermarkets, shopping, dining, entertainment, banking, etc., from several top part of the House and Office. The increase in population, gas, household appliances, electrical equipment, and public in the use of unsafe, etc., all have a fire hazard, to community residents of life and property caused great threat. Therefore, people are increasingly urgently require community property in the facilities and the management to adopt effective measures to meet the increasing security requirements.
In order to effectively ensure the residents of life and property safety, in an integrated residential and residential community introduces intelligent means of security management. Intelligent home security system is mainly composed of anti-theft system and fire protection systems (fire auto-alarm and coordinated control system). Particularly in the event of fire of high-rise buildings, resulting in casualties and economic losses due to very heavy. Fire protection measures is therefore particularly important.
Usually in order to facilitate the management, the community should be built in fire Centre, groups of wuyeguanlizhongxin high-rise building a layer of fire room, the fire in the community room fire auto-alarm controller (regional or slave) and fire Centre control host (machine or PC), through the community network connection as a whole, the whole system should consider use of decentralized control, centrally managed structure layout. Through engineering design, automatic fire alarm system can achieve the following functions:
I. building fire alarm system features:
In accordance with the fire code, located in the underground garage heat detector, Manual alarm and fire emergency broadcasting; the podium Mall, banks, entertainment and other Office smoke detector, manual, alarm, and set the speakers for the usual background music, a fire emergency broadcast. In high-rise residential section, in the elevator room, public corridor, and other public places in arrangement of smoke detectors, manual, alarm, emergency broadcasting system, in the layer staircase door alarm Flash (or sound and light alarm), advanced residential bedroom, study room and living room, Office smoke detector. In all public areas of the fire hydrant boxes are equipped with fire hydrant emergency reboot the pump button.
Fire alarm system linkage control (control relationship see fire control logical relational tables), it has the following content:
Control system alarm device types on the managed device and equipment movements results location and description
Water fire suppression system fire hydrant button to launch the fire hydrant pump pump house
Alarm valve pressure switch start spraying pump pump house
Flow meter (alarm, fire layer) water pipes
Repairing signal valve (alarm reminder note) water pipes
Fire water tank water or water pressure startup, stop regulators pumps, etc.
Preaction system the area detector or manually button start preaction alarm valve filling the area (closed sprinkler)
Pressure switch start spraying pump pump house
Water spray system temperature, smoke feeling alarm or emergency button at the same time start the deluge valve and start spraying pump (automatic delay of 30 seconds) the region (on nozzle)
Air conditioning smoke detector or manually button to turn off the system air conditioners, new fans, ordinary blowers
Turn off the layer control fire damper
Fire damper 70 ℃ temperature close to close the system air conditioners or new fans and blowers
Smoke smoke detector or manually button to open the exhaust fan and positive-pressure blowers roof
Open the exhaust port (valve)
Open the positive pressure air is on fire with a bottom layer, layer
Dual-use two-speed fan into high speed exhaust status
Dual air ducts, vents closed properly, open exhaust port
Exhaust fan side 280 ° c temperature fire damper closing off the exhaust fans for roof
Combustible gas alarm open the room exhaust fan, turn off gas pipeline valve kitchen, gas meter room, underground gas boiler room, etc.
Fire shutter fire shutter smoke detector next to the shutter or dropped half shutter group
Fire shutter detector temperature next to the shutter or group of shutter to bottom
Shutter curtain protection there, start the water curtain solenoid valve and rain pump
Electronically controlled normally open fire door smoke or warm sense of release electromagnet, close the fire door
Electronically controlled vertical wall beside the smoke smoke or warm sense of release the electromagnet smoke vertical wall or group smoke hanging wall hanging
Manual-system manual/automatic, manual-cut off power to the non-fire-fire-flames layers, upper and lower the level
Manual/automatic, manual fire-alarm master boot or acousto-optic alarm fire layer, a layer up or down
Manual/automatic, manual focus, the lift to the first fire use fire elevator inputs
Manual on the relevant regionEmergency broadcast on fire with a bottom layer, layer
Fire alarm, telephone contact, directing fire
1. water fire suppression system:
Fire hydrant button actions, the system provides automatic/manual fire pump start-up and shutdown, and monitor the operational state. Water spray dry pipe pressure switch, the system can automatically start spraying pump, and monitor the operational state.
In the underground gas boiler room located water spray extinguishing systems, water nozzle with open sprinkler, room, Interior sets of smoke and heat detector. When the smoke and heat detector with alarm, the system can be automatic, manual and emergency operations in three ways, turn on the shower solenoid valve. Pressure switch action after system start spraying pump, and monitor the operational state.
In the underground garage located preaction system of water sprinkler, water nozzle with closed sprinkler, water pipe is full of air, when heat detector alarm, automatic/manual on water pipe water filling of solenoid valve, pipe when the nozzle after breaking, dry pipe pressure switch movement, the signal returned fire on duty, auto/manual start spraying pump, and monitor the operational state.
2. the smoke control system:
When the system is confirmed immediately after the fire occurred on the burning layer and its upper and down of positive pressure ventilation valve (mouth), and automatically open the top-level corresponding pressure blower, the stairs passage to before chamber pressure, prevent smoke evacuation, ensure environmental safety escape. In each floor corridor, basement and no window in the room is equipped with fire smoke exhaust valve normally closed (mouth), fire, you can automatically or manually open fire region fire smoke exhaust valve (mouth), and linkage corresponding exhaust fan starts, when the top exhaust fan in front of the fire smoke exhaust outlet temperature reached 280 ° c, the valve closes, the linkage of the exhaust fan is also closed.
3. fire broadcasting system:
When the system after the confirmed outbreaks of fire, the system can automatically cut off the background music broadcast, or first in fire control cabinet manual control on the ignition on, the lower layer and the speakers for the emergency broadcast, guidance in building evacuation.
4. elevator landing systems:
When after the confirmed outbreaks of fire, the system immediately forced all elevators to the first floor, and automatically cut off the passenger and freight elevators, lift only reserved for firefighters and fire.
5. shutter control:
When fire channel roll-front sides of the smoke detector alarm, control the shutter down to the ground, of distance 1.8m and let smoke evacuation. When the shutter on both sides of the heat detector alarm time, the system control shutter fell to the ground, to complete the zones are separated. Roll-front side also has a shutter control movements of button and keep the delay (1-30 seconds adjustable) shutter automatically dropped.
6. other linkage control:
When the confirmation of a fire, manual/automatic will fire layer and its upper and down alert Flash or sound and light alarm starts to remind the building personnel evacuated, and cut off by the fire service duty manual ignition on, the lower layer and the non-fire power.
Second, community fire system network features
Community fire system network aims to make the management information and control information integration to meet the Community fire system distributed control, centralized management needs. Fire Centre is equipped with a large community fire simulation disk, display various buildings detector alarm, fire-fighting facilities, as well as perform alarm control work.
Fire network system, used in the building fire room located sub-station (fire alarm controller), can be considered as a network of regional aircraft (slave), fire controllers in addition receive the building fire alarm signal, manual/automatic output control program, start the fire-fighting facilities of linkage, also has a performance superior networking features, even with the Central Station (Central machine or host computer) can be out of touch, independently all of your work, because the building's fire alarm controller adopts advanced multi-channel CPU PC processor technology, according to the architectural features of all own, forming its own alarm, control subsystem.
Central station is located in the Community Centre, showing fire the whole system of the fire detectors, control devices and the status of the Act.
The central station and the main function as follows:
A £ ® can access the system in each branch of the monitoring points;
B £ ® can complete alarm and alarm handling;
C £ ® you can monitor the status of all devices running on the Internet;
D £ ® at set program complete linkage control;
E. time and date automatically transform;
F.-alarm event analysis and disposition of records;
G £ ® documents and reports;
H £ ® fire building graphical display operation;
I £ ® also has security patrol functions.
Central station is equipped with and sub-station data/voice network communication interface, network topology can be a star (or ring-shaped), Central station and substation has two communication line, a is a data communication lines; one is a voice communication lines.
In short, with modern control technology, computer and network technology and the rapid development, the improvement of living conditions, in the intelligent community many weak electricity systems, automatic fire alarm system is indispensable, intelligent fire alarm system in the community and more generally in the application, make the intelligent community weak electricity system integration is more perfect, resources are more fully, more complete, more focused and efficient security systems, enabling true sense of the intelligence community.
【 Weak current College 】 high-rise office building emergency lighting design skills---Power By 【 China power house network 】
1, emergency lighting and electricity metering 1.1, emergency lighting settings
In order to address the emergency disaster (especially fires) or emergency evacuation in the downstairs, under the fire safety design of tall building code GB50045-95, the civil construction electrical design code JGJ/T16-92 and other relevant norms, in high-rise office building in the following areas should be set for emergency lighting:
(1) the evacuation of the aisle every 20m Department and evacuation aisle turn;
(2) stairs staircase, smoke, fire before the Chamber and its former cab, plus former room and refuge layer (room);
(3) distribution, eliminate control room, the fire pump room, smoke House, battery room, own generator room, phone and total engine room fires still need to adhere to the work of other rooms;
(4) in the lobby, restaurant, function rooms, and other personnel-intensive sites.
Although the specification on high-rise office building, Office building of rental units in the need for emergency lighting is not clearly defined, but the author believes in high-rise office building, Office building conference rooms and the room is large, open more offices should set emergency lighting equipment, at least in the room to the evacuation of the door near the aisle. Because in case of fire, it is in a nervous, upset, poor sense of direction. This opens the door of the Office, especially at night, it is difficult to quickly find access to the evacuation of the channel's door, causing tensions, chaotic scenes, causing people to accidents. In the room's door leading to the evacuation channels, set near the emergency lighting can play a role of a boot, lighting. With the rapid development of market economy, high-rise office buildings, office buildings and other buildings at night to work overtime in more and more, therefore reasonable to set fire emergency lighting becomes even more important.
1.2, leasing household emergency lighting distribution
Press room or floor-unit rental building, in order to manage and use for it, usually within each rental room, a separate set of distribution board rental households separate measurement, its interior emergency lighting is also included. While the author holds an emergency fire emergency lighting system, should be determined by the public emergency lighting distribution box power supply and measure. The reason for this is:
(1) according to the previously described, in the vicinity of these rental office door, you should set the emergency lighting and emergency lighting regulation by "people" JGJ/T16-92 stipulates: "the emergency evacuation lighting using a battery for emergency lighting, the normal power supply should be received from the General (or regional) disaster prevention dedicated distribution box, only when you do not have conditions can be received from this layer (or district) of the total distribution box, but should be private circuit." Leasing House distribution box is neither this layer (or district) of disaster prevention dedicated distribution box, nor is this layer (or district) of the total distribution box, it should not be set individually by the leasing operators for power distribution Board.
(2) the general distribution of the fire emergency lighting is more dispersed, relatively few, load smaller, often used with emergency light battery fire. Such fire emergency lamp usually needs to be charged. If the charging cable from leasing household distribution box power supply, when the distribution box into the line circuit breaker be anthropogenic turn-off, the charge cable will turn-off, caused by the fire emergency lights battery discharge and bring their own. If you do not recharge or charging up to required time (generally this class comes with battery charging time in the 12 ~ 24h), there are gaps in time, at this point if there is fire, emergency, fire emergency lamp does not light up. Leasing House distribution box general neglect of management so that it is difficult to ensure that fire emergency lighting in fire emergencies and give full play to the role of emergency response.
1.3, leasing household emergency lighting billing
Emergency lighting by public lighting distribution box distribution and metering, emergency lighting and located at the rental office, is usually a reasonable property charge shipping lines. Leasing indoor these emergency lighting luminaires usually requires charging cable for float, just stealing prone, often cause conflicts with the owners of the property. For possible larceny (author of the design also experienced similar problems), taking into account these emergency lighting is spread out in all rental office, therefore prohibit the charging of emergency lighting, access to rental office is not realistic. Since these fewer emergency lighting luminaires and dispersed, and generally in fire emergencies only works, it takes two-wire power supply makes it usually does not light, fire automatically when a power failure. Peacetime emergency lighting luminaires with battery is in a floating charge status, battery charging line current is smaller. Fire-functional power is off, the emergency lighting luminaires with battery. So whatever the usual or fire, these emergency lighting electricity consumption is very small, through the power supply to the public of the emergency lighting luminaires for emergency lighting distribution box for electricity metering and analysis you can determine whether someone was stealing. Thus, through the correct ways and means to resolve. 2, emergency lighting distribution circuit breaker
In the design of emergency lighting distribution system, be aware that comes with battery emergency lighting power distribution mode. General distribution to comes with battery emergency lighting is divided into two forms: one is a two-wire distribution forms, comes with battery emergency lighting luminaires usually is not lit, the battery is in a floating State, fire automatic light; the other is a three-wire system distribution forms, comes with battery emergency lighting luminaires usually can switch control, the batteries are in the floating State, fire automatically when lit, the general public sidewalk, places for the emergency lighting is mostly in the form of this distribution. But no matter what form, must have a charging cable.
【 Weak current College 】 fire system construction program
1.0 range
This procedure applies to oil field production facility project fire system materials and equipments, inspection, installation and commissioning (fire-alarm system construction not included in this program).
2.0 reference file
Site storage and equipment protection
Pipeline design and general arrangement drawings
Pipe manufacturing
Pipe welding
Pipe outside coating of epoxy resin
Pipe transport and handling
Fire protection systems
Land-based installation works fire assessment
Fire retardant
Surface paint and coating
Process pipe welding procedures
Station technology pipeline construction program
On-site materials handling, storage and dissemination program
3.0 fire equipment inspection and storage
All fire-fighting equipment only QC engineers tested and approved by the owner authorized to transport to the site. Construction team in addition to the review of the fire-fighting equipment should be consistent with the drawings and specifications, you need to check the date of manufacture of material, ensure that all equipment in the warranty.
Spot fire equipment handling, storage and distribution see scene materials handling, storage and issuance procedures.
4.0 fire pipe installation
Fire pipe installation station process piping Setup and installation of fire on land in the assessment of requirements. In addition to the fire, permanent water connection shall not be connected to the fire water network system. Permanent water network system may not be used for electrical equipment grounding, it is especially important to DC not grounded to fire protection system on the pipeline.
Fire fighting pipes system pressure test and clean-up in accordance with the station process piping setup requirements, but must be completed prior to the test.
Fire pipeline aerial parts of paint required in accordance with 8400-A brushed.
5.0 fire pump installation
Fire pump installation program press equipment construction program execution.
Fire control pump of single trial operation and transportation procedures as a stand-alone test operation and system through program execution.
6.0 other fire facilities installation
6.1 General
Fire fighting facilities construction should strictly follow the construction drawings to arbitrarily change location. If the drawing without the fire services facilities construction owners should be in accordance with the regulatory requirements for installation.
6.2 foam system installation
6.2.1 foam breaking block installation by static equipment construction program execution, and shall conform to the drawings. Foam tank chemicals in foam system with a full test operation.
6.2.2 other foam system facilities installed to comply with the land-based installation works fire assessment requirements.
6.3 outdoor installation of fire-fighting facilities
6.3.1 fire hydrant should follow the land-based installation works fire assessment special district fire safety requirements for the installation.
6.3.2 outdoor mobile fire fighting facilities only after completion of the mechanical demands placed by drawings.
6.4 indoor installation of fire-fighting facilities
6.4.1 indoor fire facilities installed in accordance with the structure layout requirements for room fire, fire hydrant installation, you must remove the tank hose. all accessories with a water gun. Cabinet installed after recovery. Fire hydrant should install flat solid, all parts should be complete and reliable. Fire hydrant should be installed in buildings within the obvious as well as access to convenient place.
6.4.2 indoor mobile fire fighting facilities should be placed in a visible location and dates listed indicate the dosing.
6.5 install automatic fire extinguishing system see fire alarm system work procedures and instrumentation construction program
7.0 fire system debugging
7.1 fire system debugging must be completed before the system test, and that all parameters are fully meet the design requirements. Fire system debugging owners and owners of the operators should participate.
7.2 fire system pipeline before debugging should meet the following requirements;
L fire system pipeline via pressure test and clean.
L all fire-fighting accessories installed.
L test procedures and approval by the owners.
7.3 indoor hydrant acceptance should be in the water pressure in line with specifications conditions and meet the following requirements:
L working pump, the alternate pump conversion run 1-3;
L fire control room operation start pump 1-3;
More control functions manual and automatic operation should properly, and signal correctly.
7.4. foam fire extinguishing system debugging before debugging should meet the following requirements;
L foam tank cleaning closed and the owners.
L foam tank foam liquid has added full.
L test procedures and approval by the owners.
7.5 foam fire extinguishing system debugging should be consistent with the specification and drawings while logging all data.
7.6 sprinkler systems of inspection, shall conform to specifications, and do the following control functions:
L working pump and spare pump conversion run 1-3;
L fire control room operation start-up and shut-down pump 1-3;
7.7 carbon dioxide extinguishing systems before trial operation should meet the following requirements;
All system-related instruments have been adjusted.
L carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system with the school.
L test procedures and approval by the owners.
7.8 CO2 extinguishing system commissioning result shall conform to the drawings and specifications, when trial operationSecurity.
All mobile fire extinguishers in 7.9 system debugging should be full of chemicals before, and inventory of drugs.
All mobile fire extinguishers are required according to the drawing, halon, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide and other fire-fighting equipment should be placed in clear easy location and dates listed indicate the dressing and custodians, halon, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide and other fire extinguishing system for inspection, subject to the owners of the specification for sampling check failure should be replaced immediately.
8.0 construction quality records and inspection reports
8.1 construction quality records should be synchronized with the construction, correctly, a true reflection of the construction, QC engineers and technicians should regularly check the various records, construction team should have the specialist is responsible for the records.
8.2 inspection report completed by QC engineer, truly reflect the content, quality check.
8.3 construction quality records and check table see quality plan pipeline and instrument parts.
Amendments as the program 9.0 is not suitable for the purpose of completing the work of design, new construction, or the scene of new data, or the owners have new requirements, the procedure for amendment.
【 Weak current College 】 fire most common training injuries and their prevention---Power By 【 China power house network 】
As the fire brigade task features, soldiers training for fitness and fire business skills, and soldiers every day and training Tower, La ladder, hook ladder and water to deal with, such as fire-fighting equipment, easily raised all kinds of damage.
First, the fire brigade of the most common training injuries and their prevention
Training of "knee pain": the training of the knee joint SYNOVITIS. Through nine detachment is a member of the 13 investigation of fire base Squadron, the incidence of accounting training-induced bone and joint injuries 47.9%, of which 70% were new recruits. Articular surface of knee joint in the body is the largest and strongest leverage, weight-bearing large and easily damage of joints. In the joint capsule inside lining to synovial tissue, lubricating synovial fluid secretion, articular surface with protection, strengthening the role of joint degrees. New army soldiers in the queue or fire service training, if you fail to master the basic essentials, to coordinate the actions not skilled, coupled with the adaptation of the training ground, in particular long single action repeat training, easy lead to fatigue damage of synovial joint bone damage, the formation of non-infectious SYNOVITIS, manifested as synovial tissue edema, increased and a large number of exudates mucous-producing on the nerve endings of stimulation, etc, can cause joint pain, so that the activity is restricted. Light is only a slight swelling after training, aching joints, most died after a rest can heal or remission; to swelling, intra-articular fluid extract, serious puncture can be a bloody. Prevention should be emphasized that a scientific and reasonable arrangements for the training programme to overcome long single action of repeated training, skillful action points, in accordance with action points.
Lower waist injury: including acute lumbar injury, chronic lumbar muscle strain, Fasciitis, lumbar intervertebral disc, etc. In gymnastics, ladder or hook ladder, if you do not pay attention to scientific methods of operation, the blind pursuit of speed, so that the waist is the powerful and frequently, resulting in muscle and tendon tear waist, bleeding and leakage, fracture tissue repair and bleeding, oozing absorbed may leave scars and tissue adhesions. Iterative training makes the injury of muscle and fascia, ligament repair, create more scars and adhesion, these organizations vulnerable to distraction, oppression within nerve fibers have back pain. The main symptoms of lumbar or lumbosacral pain, repetitive, pain can vary with the degree of climate change or tired, not more, lingering shiqingshizhong. The waist can be broadly tenderness, spine activities without exception. Acute onset, symptoms are evident, and may have muscle spasms, spine and functional campaigns restricted. The nature of the pain for a dull pain, can be limited to a part, can also be spread across the back.
Increase in internal pressure tibia: that is, the inside leg pain after training. Experimental proof of the lower leg pain on the inside of the main reasons is the tibia bone marrow cavity pressure, its incidence of bone and joint injuries accounted for 20%. Occurred in a 5 km cross-country Marathon fitness training, generally only need to deal with the preliminary processing scenarios are pain, elevation of the affected limb, reduction activities to prevent further damage. Minor adjustments to the discipline, to stop training rest.
Stress fracture of lower limb: the fatigue fracture. Is a common and serious fire forces of one of the many training injury due to long for a single action of recurrent training or overload extra training. Latent class training injury, no obvious violent trauma history, even if you feel pain, often considered to be the General injury, not enough attention to, often because of the lack of timely correct effective treatment and teratogenicity maimed, in this regard, we have a lot of blood. This happened in a case of severe stress fracture of the left lower extremity — left neck fractures. The injured person is a member of the recruits, in 5 km cross-country Marathon, faint feeling left hip pain, and swelling of the day occurred, to a group of hospitals, diagnostic radiography examination to left of femoral neck fractures, immediately in emergency operation in six hospitals, cancer still need to stay in bed for half a year.
Ankle ligament sprains and fractures: ankle sprain is training in one of the most common injury, ankle ligament ligament of margin strength weak and deficient muscle protection around, easy sprain. General to soft tissue ligament sprain, injury appears local swelling and pain, congestion, cannot walk and other symptoms should immediately implement a cold compress, can stand with hands blossom of hematoma, conditions are available "huhuai" protection, appropriate rest according to severity, and then make the braking physicians, x-ray examination, exclude fracture injury, diagnosis and treatment and take the appropriate measures.
Soft tissue injury due to the lack of adaptability, site of self awareness, training too frequently easily lead to soft tissue of hurt and contusion, symptoms much lighter, General symptomatic treatment may continue to participate in the training. But double-leg calf skin injury, be sure to cause sufficient attention, because the parts of the skin, subcutaneous tissue tension high cavitation, less blood supply to the poor, the weak resistance to infection, once the wound or wound infection, very easily lead to inflammation of diffuse and diffusion, the injured person is often a high fever, body temperature can be as high as 40 ° c or more, if not timely treatment, bacteria invade the bone marrow cavity, osteomyelitis and disability may be. Our grassroots/encountered such a case, the injured person is just joined the army in the second year of the new recruits, when accidentally left leg drills into the training Tower on the left calf skin contusion swelling, no timely on wound debridement disinfection carried out, on pain of plaster, as a result, wound infection, left leg red, swollen, heat and pain, temperature 40.6 ℃. After positive debridement and disinfection, the incision and drainage of left tibia, and use of antibiotics and vacuum infusion Xiaoyan, after one and a half months before the rehabilitation of injured persons.
Cramps: so-called cramps, refers to the local muscle contraction is not independent of but not active relaxation induced local pain and dysfunction. In the training come this phenomenon, common cause is insufficient preparation activities, resulting in muscle contraction suddenly violently, and long hours of intense training, body sweating increased, the massive amount of salt in the body, or may cause loss of muscle contraction is not independent force, cramps. Sometimes in a cold stimulus, fatigue, hunger, spirit of excessive constraints can also be induced muscle spasm. In training, in the event of a cramp at rest, and you wantOn the site, gently massage the cramps and muscle cramps parts, because when gently stretch your muscle stretch, makes the Aponeurosis of tension increases, when the tension reached an intensity, nerve impulses to the brain, the brain in order to avoid the tendon injuries will release information to relax the muscles cramp. Elongate muscles are not too hard to avoid strain injury caused secondary muscles. If muscles cramps in a long time, you can use hot or cold compress approach to alleviating pain, or a local spray or wipe some loose muscle pain drops or ointment is also very effective. If the recurrence of cramping easily, you need to consider whether the excessive fatigue, muscle or dehydration, you must stop the active rest, which you will need to add water and electrolytes. But the key is to prevent, as long as the training activities of the former fully ready, most cramps phenomena are avoidable.
II. training injury prevention
1. to strengthen leadership, improving education. Responsible for recruit training leadership, leaders and relevant departments, to strengthen training injuries prevention organization and leadership, and provides safety and health protection of the work plan. Improving safety and health education, strengthening training theory education so that new recruits learn action points to constantly understand and experience action skills, skills training injury protection points. According to the new psychology and the psychology of military training, training in psychology and education, improve new comrade-in-training in psychological stress, correct recognition of military training and training injuries, correcting and training purposes, excluding training timid and fear factor, maintaining the stability of the emotional, psychological training activities and motor coordination, body parts can closely, to improve training effectiveness, reduce injury.
2, scientific, reasonable training. Training to their aptitude, the differential treatment; job from less to more, from weak to strong, and gradually increased; discipline to be simple to complex, from easy to difficult, progressive, comprehensive development. Training activities will generally be divided into three phases; the preparation phase, the adoption of preparatory activities, make the body gradually adapt to upcoming strenuous exercise; training stage, gradually increase the amount of exercise, meet the training requirements; end phase, through the consolidation movement, relief of fatigue and a return to normal conditions. Military, political and cultural education, classroom and fieldwork, interspersed by, to adjust the physical and mental work, improving training effectiveness. To guarantee good rest, rest time, prevent the transition fatigue.
3. strengthening the training and improving quality. The overall strengthening of body training, skillful action essentials is the key to prevention training injuries. The overall strengthening of body training refers to training process completed training task indicators, through a comprehensive, multi-tiered time training method that enables physique is fully developed and enhanced. Particularly in strength, speed, stamina, agility and flexibility, to be comprehensive. This constant can quickly improve the training level, but also effectively preventing the poor because of physical fitness and training injury occurs. Robust physical qualities but also relies on repeated exercises to gain, you must persist. Already in the possession of the motor skills and techniques, also need to practice in order to consolidate and improve.
4. strengthen health supervision, medical guidance. -A guarantee of training implementation, improve the quality of training, force health personnel should make full use of training injury prevention and control of knowledge and technology to conduct regular health supervision and guidance of the work, whose main task is to: (1) from training injury prevention perspective, understanding the training plan of implementation, supervision and prevention of various training injuries from occurring and problems. (2) check the training injury prevention measures of implementation, and continuous improvement. (3) strengthening training on-site health supervision, figuring out the injury, for injury characteristics proposed preventive measures to increase the level of prevention training injuries. (4) of universal training medical knowledge that doing exercise physiology, psychology, education, correct the trainees adverse psychological state, guide trainees do protection work, to improve the skills of trainees to learn to protect themselves in training
【 Weak current College 】 fire protection measures---Power By 【 China power house network 】
For the above decoration of fire hazards and related issues, I put forward their views and several fire prevention measures.
(A) enhancing fire safety awareness, gradual implementation of security obligations
Fire departments should not regular convening of the meeting of Heads of decoration sector, supervise its grasp decoration industry in the design, construction, supervision, acceptance and reasonable layout issues, improve the decoration service fire safety awareness and the level of fire protection technology. Renovation and construction team should carry fire-fighting work "whoever is in charge, who is responsible for" principle, clearly central responsibility, General Contracting units responding to the fire site, individual responsibility for the subcontracting of construction units responsible for the safety of this project, and set the specialist is responsible for fire safety at construction site, and take strict precautions against fire accidents. Where the reasons for the decoration of fire, regardless of whether or not the project should also be used to trace the construction team leaders and related personnel responsibility seriously investigate and deal with the legal means to promote fire safety work.
(B) the rectification of the renovation market, strengthen the audit of the construction unit
For repair construction unit should take the initiative to the local public security fire fighting supervisory body register, accept for review. Fire departments should be combined with all levels of construction Committee conducted a survey of the construction unit of seminar, in strict accordance with the requirements of eligibility for the review of its design and construction standards, qualified by issuing the "fire protection engineering construction permit", not qualified to be banned.
(3) strict construction management
1. at the insist training, after induction principle. To workers, especially workers, temporary workers, engaged in welding, paint, and other special types of personnel to carry out the necessary fire safety knowledge and training for them to comply strictly with the security operation procedures, to understand the types of fire hazards and measures for the prevention and suppression, qualified will be issued only after induction. At the same time to develop practical firefighting plan, make timely field fire drills to improve fire fighting capability.
2. in rigorous review by the Fire Department of drawings. Cannot be allowed to change the design of engineering fire, as needed, to report it to the original audit departments agree.
3. establishing strict fire electricity system, the good "three"
"Open fire", the use of action open to licensed and not be left unattended; try to avoid cross-cutting jobs, such as the total must be of the responsible units for field coordination.
"Gate" electrical equipment installation, to make up the device, according to the specification that the choice of the electric line, the conductor casing connection and the selection and arrangement of the luminaires.
"Gate" flammable materials management, expert management and control its volume to prevent the accumulation of excessive and burying road, inflammable materials should be cleaned every day.
4. managing the household fire. Construction site offices, halls, warehouses and other temporary work prohibited to use electric furnace and the use of high-power light bulb or tungsten iodine lamp baking heat. Smoking is prohibited in the construction field, you can set up a separate smoking room workers to prevent smoking cause a fire. Home decoration are also advised to avoid workers eat live on-site, especially in waterproof, painting, floor wax, furniture and other inflammable and explosive gases occur.
5. no risky job. To undertake the task, the leadership and technical personnel must be given to the employees, employees on matters of fire safety in case of doubt, you should now understand clearly before construction. All workers must comply with fire safety requirements and shall not be risky jobs, construction unit leaders may not force workers to risk job.
6. do a concealed work protection and records. To be a concealed electric lines, fittings, pipe, pipe protection wear materials and other decorative, acoustic, partition, and so on, should strictly follow the specifications and equipped with appropriate fire protection measures. At the same time should record in order to facilitate the covert examination and acceptance of the project.
7. protection and improvement of the fire-fighting facilities. Some projects, especially the ceiling decoration, will change some fire equipment (such as probes, spraying in first class), you should first obtain the fire authorities and decoration of the consent and cooperation unit, will be allowed. To produce flammable or explosive gases must configure ventilation system, and use of explosion-proof electrical equipment. The site should be set aside by the specification requirements for evacuation of the channel and export, shall occupy and sealing, even not a pretext for easy management and export locked, and you want to make evacuation signage and lighting equipment. In addition, the site also should be equipped with a certain number of fire fighting equipment. According to the construction of fire extinguishers configuration design code requirements around the project area, with two 100m2 only extinguishers. You can also press the protection object to the appropriate fire extinguishers, one per 50m2 only fire extinguishers should be to fight the fire in the early days.
8. all levels of fire departments to strengthen checks. One is that the larger the more complicated the more important projects, examination and is responsible for the supervision and inspection of fire departments, should check the site for construction of medium-term, it is best to finish construction decoration material of main body, mounted wallpaper, stickers mirror, fire retardant coating, second decoration and concealed work cover before in two phases. Second, the audit team on the renovation works for a random check, identify problems promptly noted corrections, if necessary, the views of the fire authority issued a notice of the correction.
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