【 Weak current College 】 how to improve the city's water supply planning, fire protection engineering---Power By 【 China power house network 】

How to improve the city's water supply planning, fire protection engineering
With the rapid development of the city, urban fire facilities more and more important in the prevention and suppression fire plays a decisive role. Construction of urban fire services mainly include the fire site, fire exits, fire service, fire communications and fire power. Fire service is an important part of fire protection engineering. In order to effectively prevent and fight the city fire in a timely manner, you must attach great importance to urban fire planning and construction of water supply facilities.
Urban fire water mainly has three categories: ① urban water supply pipe network setting of the fire hydrant; ② pools, wells, fountain, artificial water reservoirs, etc.; ③ rivers, lakes, oceans, pond, River Valley and other natural waters. One of the first type of water source is the most important source of water, other sources of fire is assisted water sources.
1. at present, China's urban fire water supply problems in 1, urban water lack at present, China's urban water systems generally use uniform water supply system, that is, life, production, fire-fighting water share the same pipeline transport. With the rapid development of urban construction, the water shortage has been plagued by a significant part of the city, some cities even domestic water sometimes are not protected, not to fire with water. Lack of water will lead directly to municipal fire water there is no reliable protection in the event of a major fire, often due to lack of fire-fighting water so that the Fire Department in passive, greatly increases the difficulty of extinguishing. 2. urban fire water pipe system transportation water capacity now urban local area network of the water capacity, there is no guarantee that the fire water the water pressure, water, these areas mainly include the old town, suburban, part of the higher terrain. In the old town, due to historical reasons, pipe layout is not reasonable, water capacity has been unable to meet the needs of urban development and people's living standards development and pipeline stale, serious leakage, do not meet old town fire water requirements. If the anshun, Ziyun County guanling etc, narrow roads, terrain, architectural fireproof grade low, most of the water distribution network, branched and smaller diameter, flexibility in transferring water pipe network is very poor, often there is insufficient or shut off the water. A considerable part of the pipeline stale, poor quality, bear the impact of high pressure water stream, when the request pipeline pressurization of fire extinguishing, severely restricted. In addition, because of the rapid development of the city, the rapid expansion of the population and distribution imbalances, together with the improvement of living standards, per capita consumption increased, some cities in the planning of water supply network, take in the low water standards, planning of pipe diameter with development needs, network expanded and reconstructed speed or pace, it is difficult to guarantee the fire service. Number 3, hydrant maintenance is not good enough, and through the fire hydrant water remains the basic fire General at home and abroad. The number of urban outdoor hydrant generally shortfall quantities large enough, and has become a prominent fire water supply. In addition, the fire hydrant maintenance management were not good enough. Existing fire hydrants by specifications construction construction, the sabotage or dilapidated but cannot use that city construction or road reconstruction and was buried, was occupy or dismantling. These conditions can make it in the fire cannot play, delay time, thus extinguishing the fire lead to catastrophe in small, causing enormous economic losses. In addition, there are some units open fire hydrant water intake privately individuals, not only causing extensive water waste, but also affected the fire water normal access.
4, to the artificial body of water and natural water body construction and management not enough cities of artificial sources of water and natural water sources, such as fire pool, fountain, water wells, reservoirs, rivers, etc, is an important city fire water, alternate water source should be pay attention to this aspect of building management. In some cities there are quite a few focus fire units not in accordance with the regulatory requirements set fire water tank, although setting a fire water tank but water tank capacity. Some water tank or water wells in the middle of the buildings, fire engine could not access. In the old town, residents of the housing density, water supply pipe diameter is small, and pipeline stale, can not meet the requirements for fire pressure depends on the hydrant is too great. While most of these areas is not set for alternate sources of public fire water tank and, therefore, in the event of a fire, easy because of water shortage causing small fire disaster. Second, municipal fire planning if planning water supply planning 1, speeding up construction of urban water resources shall be based on various urban realities of local water resources, develop practical water planning, moderately advanced use of water standards, meet evolving urban construction needs. For large water deficit zone, should speed up planning construction of waterworks, reasonable arrangement of waterworks, revamp old water mill, improve system capacity. Small area or local water deficit zone, especially in remote towns and villages in some urban areas, specifically planning regulation pond, water, nighttime supplementary guarantees during the day and peak water supply requirements. 2, strong new urban water supply network and reconstruction of old town network in doing a water treatment plant construction at the same time, should strengthen the construction of water distribution system. Cities should adopt pipe water supply, and reasonable water partition, partition to connected dry pipe connections, improve water supply reliability of each partition. In urban construction process must be planned and systematic way to urban water supply for reasonable technological transformation, on the pipeline network structure is optimized adjustment to achieve optimal scheduling, real-time computer on the network of monitoring of water, water, strengthened pipes leak, and minimize water accidents, improve the distribution of water. In water supply piping design and construction, pipe diameter of must conform to life, production, fire fighting, and other aspects of integrated requirements, the city's construction, and other relevant departments to strengthen management and to ensure that water and fire water supply pressure. Planning recommendations for urban roads in particular laying pipe under the road, should make the necessary provisions, City Road to pipe diameter not less than 300 mm; internal road in the community, in accordance with the provisions, should be installed in the location of the hydrant, its water supply pipe diameter not less than 200 mm in General, there is a fire pump inside the community, its diameter shall not be less than 100 mm. 3. miningTo take effective measures to ensure the fire water supply pressure city water supply network pressure usually General can meet the requirements, but in some relatively high area, old town and the water pressure pipe network peripheral is often difficult to meet fire protection requirements. For current fire system, it is recommended that the low pressure in the supply pressure lower areas and areas of particular importance in connection with the development construction or renovation, construction set booster pumping station and water distribution, and the best of life, booster pumping station in-process water, as water storage tank fire water tank, saving investment, ensuring water quality. When a fire occurs, pressure pump station and immediately start to form a temporary water supply network in the region of high pressure, ensuring the fire directly water requirements of water and water pressure, so that the fire loss reduced to a minimum. 4, attached great importance to the construction and management of outdoor hydrant
Now the country most cities hydrant number, have become a fire service problems in the urgent need to address. For the future of whole development zone, the requirements for construction and development departments in strict accordance with the planning of laying pipes and hydrants synchronized, calls in one step, do not owe the new account. Hydrant should set along the road, as close as possible to the crossroads, spacing should not be greater than 120 m, protection RADIUS is less than 150 meters. Planning proposals in the old town in the housing density, a long number of roadway area fire hydrant spacing of not more than 120 m; urban road width greater than 60 meters above the sea on both sides of the road is not more than 120 m in accordance with the requirements set fire hydrant. On some tall buildings, industrial plants and important buildings, should follow the specifications set dedicated outdoor hydrant and pump adapter.
Give full attention to the fire hydrant maintenance management. Municipal fire departments and water supply, and construction departments coordinate fire hydrant building and ongoing management of maintenance, and place the construction of the fire hydrant into the unified management, maintenance, a clear division of responsibilities, and to set up a dedicated body responsible for checks and maintenance to establish card management system, regularly organized detection, damaged fire hydrant shall promptly repair, ensure that the fire hydrants in good condition, at any time in the operational status. Fire hydrant mobile or removed must be reported to public security and fire fighting supervisory body for approval. In addition, the strengthening of other departments dedicated the construction of water intake point, avoiding the private opening fire hydrants. 5, earnest do a fire water tank construction and management in the city's old town, the poor conditions of fire, the housing density, fire resistance rating of low, narrow roads, water mains and hydrants outdoors to often can not meet the requirements of the fire with water. As a traditional fire water tank for fire measures, in terms of these areas is a more effective, the necessary fire facilities, but very few settings. Therefore you should land planning and construction of these public fire water tank, each fire water tank capacity should be at least 100 ~ 300 cubic meters. Planning suggestions in there or requirements set indoor and outdoor fire pump station, should be considered in conjunction with the construction of the pump station fire water tank. Fire water tank water can be taken from the municipal water distribution, and access to natural sources of water. The best fire water tank and production, domestic water tank-in-built, and requires not only as their own, when approaching the building or in the event of a fire, to pass the pipes, fire hydrant water fight. Fire water tank capacity must comply with the specifications, and life, process water pool-Perkins, measures should be taken to ensure that fire not passive with water. Fire water tank construction should stay out of fire when the near distance from the building passage 15m above, ensure fire water height not exceeding 6m, does not exceed the scope of protection, establishment of clear 150m logo, is strictly prohibited. Strengthening the management of fire water tank. First of all clear responsibility unit or responsibility, to develop and implement fire water reservoir management cleaning system to prevent the fire water reservoir sedimentation due to various factors, the deterioration of water quality. In urban planning and development process, fire water tank should be combined with urban square or large public in front of the fountain, public green areas and parks in pool construction, such as settings, so you can beautify the urban environment and can be used as a supplementary source of fire. Urban fire services related to the State, the people of life and property safety, always facing the ongoing challenge of urban fire, we should constantly improve urban fire facilities, to fight fires in favourable conditions, effective protection. Urban fire plan guides the construction of urban fire facilities, including city fire water supply facilities of the building is an integral and important part of, should cause sufficient attention. Fire in urban planning and construction of water supply facilities, must be combined with the overall urban planning of water supply planning, taking into account the economic, security, interoperability, usability and extraordinary requirements to ensure urban fire water safety and reliability.