【 Weak current College 】 civil explosives, Fireworks and enterprises in the production of universal security requirements---Power By 【 China power house network 】

1. local governments should further strengthen civil explosives, Fireworks and production safety supervision and management
　　
State Decree No. 302 on major safety accident administrative accountability provisions of the Act makes it clear that local government leaders and relevant government departments responsible for the safe production of an inescapable responsibility. Therefore, the main leading the Government to forward to the relevant departments, organizations, in accordance with their respective duties, cooperate, suppression of illicit commercial explosives, Fireworks and production enterprise, stop without basic security conditions continue production of units and reward system that relies on all forces in society, timely detection and suppression of the illicit production of civil explosives, fireworks activities. For those who have a legitimate qualification of production enterprises, and also to conduct a comprehensive security overhaul. Consolidation in the security assessment or risk assessment methods to add, layout, plant, production technology, equipment, facilities, and safety management system as a result of a comprehensive analysis that does not meet the safety requirements, to limit the rectification; in the period of rectification is not qualified or unable to carry out safety improvement, resolutely closed.
　　
2. the competent authorities should be strengthened on civil explosives, Fireworks and practitioners of safety awareness education and safety and technical education
　　
Civil explosives, Fireworks and enterprise production workers should be included in the special category of personnel management. According to the special operations personnel security technology assessment management rules, special job is on the operator himself, especially for others and surrounding facilities safety significant hazards of the job. Civil explosives, Fireworks and production workers of jobs in line with this definition, but Fireworks manufacturing enterprises most belongs to the Township and village enterprises, technical force is relatively weak, many business people security weak legal sense, it is difficult to guarantee the safety of technical training. Therefore, the need for Fireworks and production workers included in the scope of special operations personnel management, centralized training, uniform assessment methods and obtain appropriate to post operation.
　　
3. civil explosives, Fireworks and enterprises should be regularly prepared for safety assessment and emergency plans
　　
On civil explosives, Fireworks and enterprises should regularly make safety evaluation and preparation of contingency plans for major accidents, is China's relevant laws and regulations of the specific requirements, such as the Safety Act People's Republic of China, the fire service law, People's Republic of China State Council No. 344, the dangerous chemical safety management regulations are clearly defined. Especially at the beginning of this year's the State Council issued Decree No. 397 safety in production permit Ordinance article 2 provides that: "the State mining enterprises, construction enterprises and hazardous chemicals, Fireworks, civil explosives production enterprise (hereinafter enterprise) implementation of safe production license system. The enterprise has not obtained the safety production license, shall not be engaged in productive activities. "The article 6 States: Enterprise safety in production permit, shall meet the conditions of safety, which has 13, paragraph 10," the safety evaluation of the law, "eleventh item is" a major hazard detection, assessment, monitoring and control measures and emergency plans, "the twelve" production safety accident emergency rescue plans and emergency rescue organizations or emergency rescue personnel, equipped with the necessary emergency response and rescue equipment, equipment ". The State Council on strengthening the work of decision "(guofa [2004] 2) 8 also pointed out:" accelerate the national production safety emergency rescue system, so as to establish national safety emergency command center, full use of the existing emergency response resources, building a rapid response capacity of professional rescue teams, improving rescue equipment level and enhance the production safety accident rescue capabilities. "This shows that regular safety evaluation and preparation of contingency plans for major accidents, is essential for high risk businesses.
　　
4. civil explosives, Fireworks and enterprises should invest for security technology innovation, from engineering-building and technology equipment to take fire and explosion-proof measures to raise the level of security of technology
　　
1) plant siting and plant building fire-explosion protection measures
　　
(1) the plant site selection. Civil explosives, fireworks factory and residential areas, schools, industry, tourism, railway, highway and transmission line distance must be consistent with the design of safety specifications on external safety distance requirements. Absolutely not allowed in residential areas for the production with the medicine. Plants should be located and dense solid masonry walls. There must be strict guard system, regardless of who is prohibited from any open flame is prohibited, conflagration to enter factory.
　　
(2) the factory floor. The factory of dangerous places and non-hazardous areas separately, and to ensure that adequate internal safety spacing. Manufacturing plant placement should be staggered, so that small, decentralized, and set the necessary protective barrier. Different kinds of raw materials should be stored in the warehouse. Product discharge test site, production waste destruction point and production shop and warehouse space to keep the necessary security.
　　
(3) the structure of the building. Civil explosives, fireworks factory building of fire hazardous areas and buildings should be consistent with the architectural design of fire safety norms. Plant structure should be consistent with the explosive, explosive, less dust. The ground should be flexible, conductive and non-occurrence of sparks. Interior wall should be smooth, smooth, no crack.
　　
(4) layout. Civil explosives, Fireworks and production should, as far as possible, the use of advanced technology, particularly dangerous processes should quarantine action. A-level dangerous plant should be a stand-alone single, independent settings. Necessary institution has suspended, explosion-proof wall isolation, or in explosive. Interim library storage should be limited and shall not, and the institution has suspended the production plants. Should to the greatest extent possible to reduce the plant's deposit charge and operations staff. The per capita use of the plant shall be not less than 3.5m2.
　　
(5) evacuation: civil explosives, fireworks factory should be more doors, many security window. The farthest point to safe work export marginOff, press the respective risk rating should not be less than 5 m or 8m. Plant in main channel width should not be less than the other channel width 1.2m should not be less than 1.0m. Plants should be made to the outer side-hinged door, interior door width no pins, no less than 1.2m. The door shall have a threshold, the door should not be set.
　　
2) prevention of colliding, friction or measures to combat occur on Mars
　　
(1) workshop on building to the ground without combustion, into artificial room for anyone to wear shoes with nails. Shop window and door hardware fittings should use not combustion material.
　　
(2) where pyrotechnic workshop, production appliances should be used in wood, copper or aluminium material. The prohibition of the use of iron, enamel, porcelain, stone-made equipment, containers and tools.
　　
(3) production studios have anti-sand measures applied in the manufacture of raw materials, semi-finished products should be safe, avoid mixing with any impurities.
　　
(4) pressure drug, drug, cutting and assembling fuse and process job should strictly implement procedures to prevent the severe impacts, friction caused by combustion and explosion. Cleaning equipment and workshop of gunpowder, explosive dust for wet cleaning.
　　
(5) should not be using Sun's method of drying pyrotechnic, baking with open fire is strictly forbidden. Should adopt the hot radiator or heating oven, hot-air oven radiator or heating should have temperature alarm device in order to ensure that the drying temperature does not exceed the prescribed value.
　　
3) prevention of chemical energy by combustion and explosion
　　
(1) some civil explosives, Fireworks and raw materials (pyrotechnic) and the oxygen in the air or water in contact with the chemical reaction occurs and emits heat. This chemical can also be caused by the explosion of spontaneous combustion, pyrotechnic, should guard. Such as aluminum, aluminum-magnesium alloy powders and metal powder with the pyrotechnic and water or steam from contact with chemical reaction occurs, which emits heat and produces hydrogen, may cause burning, explosion.
　　
(2) civil explosives, Fireworks, pyrotechnic in custody in waterproof. Preparation of pyrotechnic should immediately processed into a bright Pearl, and spread open place to dry as soon as possible. Dry the drug content of water not higher than 1.5% to library collection.
　　
(3) Fireworks in producing bright Pearl wet process, the adhesive should be controlled at pH 6-9, prevent metal powder and its violent reaction occurs.
　　
(4) sort out from the workshop of dust, debris and waste products should be in the day is divided into small quantities, by the specialist is responsible for complying with the provisions in the specified locations and destroy it. Absolutely not allowed to be flammable, explosive waste buried in the ground or into water.
　　
(5) to enter the danger zone of the vehicle exhaust pipe mouth should spark arrester.
　　
4) fire-fighting equipment
　　
Practice has proved that civil explosives, Fireworks and production there are many signs of accident, you can immediately use fire equipment fighting and get effective control. Therefore, fireworks factory production enterprises should be based on the size, layout, architecture workshop fire resistance ratings and equipped with fire hydrant, hand carry fire pumps, fire extinguishers and other fire extinguishing equipment. Particularly prone to burning accident of the plant should also have automatic sprinkler system. Fireworks workers work in operation near placement posts a bucket of fire-fighting water, in many cases is also an effective fire protection measures.
　　
Of course, the raw material in products or substances which can cause a fire, explosion's plant in, you should not set the fire water system.
　　
Civil explosives, Fireworks, pyrotechnic, etc. are difficult to extinguish a fire, all staff should immediately withdraw from the scene of the accident, so as to avoid unnecessary deaths and injuries.