【 Weak current College 】 habitual fire violations cause and prevention

The so-called fire violations of customary, refers to those in the people around you frequent occurences and violation of fire laws and regulations and technical specifications of behavior. Habitual fire violations do not cause a fire accident, in the event of fire, very easily lead to group dead injury. The author of the 1990-2005 national group of dead injury fire accident statistics analysis, found that the personnel-intensive sites cause Group dead injuries accounted for 30 per cent of the total number of fire, death, total number of 60%, a significant part of the Group of death group injured fire accidents attributable to secure export locking, evacuation channel blocking, and other customary fire caused by the violation.
1. types of habitual fire violations

The author supervision and group dead injury fire cause analysis of lessons learned, habitual fire violations committed in the following five types:

1.1 security lock for export.

Secure export lock is the most common habitual fire violations of its harm is in the event of fire, will enable personnel-intensive site staff and associated personnel escape no door, eventually drown in a sea of death group, group of malignant fire accident injuries.

1.2 evacuation channel blocking.

Evacuation channel blocking is common among habitual fire violations, the harm is in the event of fire, would enable staff from passageway to quickly escape and evacuation of the channel stack, there is a wide range of fuels, increased building fire load and burning speed, impeded the evacuation of persons.

1.3 changbishi fire door is opened.

Fire protection District Office of the fire door is shut down in case of fire, effectively prevent fire and smoke spread the fire region; staircases, the former Office of the fire door is shut down in case of fire, effectively prevent fire and smoke forward room, staircases, ensure the safety of evacuation facilities. Changbishi fire door is opened, its harm is in the event of fire, fire door loses its function, increased fire protection.

1.4 fire shutter down stacking goods.

Fire shutter is has a fire resistance of fire shutter, lowered in a fire, the fire region and other parts of the building interior completely separated to stop the spread of fire and smoke. Fire shutter down stacking goods, its harm is in the event of fire, will enable shutter function, resulting in the loss of the fire spread rapidly expanded, influence fire suppression.

1.5 emergency lighting, and security export symbols exist in name only.

The role of the fire emergency lights are on fire, non-fire power cut off, interrupted the normal lighting, fire emergency light work, maintenance of fire places required minimum illumination to help evacuate; security export flag is on fire, the normal lighting, low visibility, the fire safety exit sign can correctly display the safe export location guide for evacuation. In many of the staff-intensive sites set of emergency lighting, and security export flag, site operators or owners think charging status is a waste, so there is no fire officers check, it will dial out. plugs

2. causes of habitual fire violations

Habitual fire violations is a long time to get into the habit of, not easy to change behaviour, which cause generally have the following five types:

2.1 unknowingly

Personnel-intensive site staff or unit staff although trained fire safety training, but also how customary dangers of fire violations, when fire fighting supervisory staff on-site examination found that the personnel-intensive site staff will promptly correct the habitual fire violations. However, in the usual work, always unconsciously changbishi fire door open, door closing behind you to forget or unwittingly introduced in fireproof often. stacking

2.2 assume nothing

Staff at work, work not carelessness seriously, so-so, absent-minded, frequent habitual fire violations, the need often sounded.

2.3 luck

Individual intensive site owners luck, that this site does not fire, past work or business during frequent habitual fire violations, but did not fire, we think that this is not an accident that once the disaster, you will regret.

2.4 evade checks

This phenomenon is also quite common, when fire services law enforcement officers to check a personnel-intensive establishments, establishments use greeting of clearance or take intentional delay time of approach, suggesting that place staff quickly locked security export door open, when fire officers to leave, and directed sites staff will secure export locked.

2.5 Yin Yang contrary instructions from the

Fire service law enforcement officers, personnel are crowded places, find a volume or constant hanger-on stacked evacuation channels plug, sales personnel can quickly rectify and patting chest ensure customary fire next time no longer occurs. Wait until finished checking fire officers, after the departure of personnel and a similar effect, will counter or article moved to volumes often below the door, or goods moved back to the passageway leading to habitual fire violations still exists.

3. characteristics of habitual fire violations

3.1 multiple

Most habitual fire violations occurred, personnel are crowded places, these places security export is often under lock, rolling doors are often stacked goods, especially in shopping malls, markets the holiday sales season, this habitual more fire violations; changbishi fire doors are often due to the frequent turnover of staff, leading to the fire door constantly is on. Personnel-intensive workplace fire safety managers in the Organization of introspection, I found the habitual fire violations and corrected after organization introspection, it will sendNow the same habitual fire violations.

3.2 intractable

Because of the habitual fire violations is the tip of the day, have a certain mindsets so they have intractable, fire departments in recent years, the Organization, personnel are crowded places special, although taken quite robust against habitual fire violations of measures, however, sampling of fire inspection and major holidays checks found that persists, exit lock violation of habitual fire.

3.3 universality

From the country in recent years, personnel are crowded places group dead injury causes of fires and firefighting supervisory staff to check the results, due to the personnel-intensive site staff is fully aware of the customary dangers of fire violations, and luck, and cause a security lock for export during business hours, and so habitual fire violations have a certain universality.

3.4 potential

From some accident analysis found that some habitual fire violations, often not actors conscious act, but a habit. For example, hospitals, shopping malls within the set of closed doors, as the hospital staff, customers and other persons shopping centre and walk, led should be in the fire door changbishi often is opened. Actors in regular activities develop bad habits, accidentally violate the laws, regulations and technical specifications for fire, causing fire violations from occurring.

4, habitual fire violations preventive measures

In my view, to fire prevention and containment of habitual violation occurred, the most fundamental to adhere to the "people-oriented", and comprehensively improve the quality of personnel, if everyone can recognize customary dangers of fire violations, enhancing fire safety awareness, enhance the capacity of fire prevention, develop good habits, consciously reject habitual fire violations occur, would effectively control the habitual fire violations from occurring. Particular have the following five types of precautionary measures:

4.1 customary fire violations, starting from awareness-raising.

Habitual fire violations more serious longterm, endangering public fire safety with multiple, universality, recurrent and intractable characteristics. All levels of public security fire supervision departments and personnel-intensive workplace fire safety management sector to fully understand its customary fire violations of importance, urgency and long-term, arduous. In recognition of outstanding on a "deep", in action on a "real", in protrusion of a "constant", in protrusion in a "strict" Word.

4.2 customary fire violations, to intensify the inspection and the penalties

At this stage, to radical habitual fire violations, the primary task is to increase the field supervision and inspection frequencies, in accordance with the first spot check listening, watching, ask, search, discussion, summary of programs, especially for the exports of safety, evacuation channel of a width not meet fire safety requirements of the firm does business; Secondly, it must be stressed safety outlet, evacuation channel of emergency lighting, signage lights must meet the specifications; the third is strictly forbidden to consume evacuation channels, is strictly prohibited in safe export or evacuation channels installed fence, stacked items and other obstructions affecting evacuated, is strictly prohibited in the business, production, work, etc. during the security lock, block or export will fire evacuation signs obscured, covered. For theater seating places, shopping malls counters, booth must be set aside to meet the requirements of evacuation channels.

The supervision and inspection found impede evacuation fire violations such as customary, the full application of existing laws and regulations, to strict fire tube heavy penalties until personnel-intensive sites habitual fire violations completely rectified, as the saying goes: "lessons learned" money. In the imposition of penalties, to the same place because of an habitual fire violations are handled more than twice, all newspapers and other news media exposure, penalties and corrective and radical of public opinion. At the same time, personnel are crowded places of habitual fire violations constitute major fire hazards, no longer have a fire safety conditions, while the imposition of penalties, should also be withdrawn with the original consent to its use or operation of the fire safety check submissions on the revocation of the approval decision on CC and commercial, cultural, health, education, and administration departments.

4.3 customary fire violations, to intensify the promotion of education and training efforts.

As the saying goes: "fire prevention, advocacy in half," and for habitual fire violations of radical, the author believes it is necessary to intensify advocacy education training and inform. By focusing on training, to be acting training and other forms and approaches, strengthen the personnel-intensive sites all kinds of people on the dangers of habitual fire violations and measures to prevent violations of habitual fire training and education, and strengthen the various staff awareness of fire safety, good fire safety practices. Make all kinds of people aware of their own work in peacetime are habitual fire violations, those acts which harm, what consequences will result, in order to be corrected in the work, develop consciously abide by the fire of the laws, regulations and technical specifications.

4.4 customary fire violations, must strengthen the personnel-intensive workplace fire safety law.

The FPPA People's Republic of China, paragraph 14, and 16 have been clearly defined: the personnel-intensive sites internally driven fire safety regulations must focus on implementation. Therefore, the personnel-intensive sites because of its special importance of fire safety, should determine by-and fire safety responsibilities, organize on fire and emergency evacuation plan for implementation and training, to place the staff should be familiar with the necessary knowledge of fire, do will alarm and fire extinguishing equipment is used, will organize evacuation masses and fight the fire in the early days. At the same time, always protect evacuation channels, safe, unimpeded, fire doors, fire shutter, fire evacuation signs, emergency lighting, fire wideSowing and other facilities are in good condition.

4.5 customary fire violations, to vigorously promote the practical use of fire-fighting technology.

In the personnel-intensive sites promotion and application of advanced technologies, able to fire prevention and containment of habitual fire violations from occurring. First of all, distinguish between different types of personnel-intensive sites labelled appearance, utility, up from the informational, warning and banning of fire safety signs. These fire safety signs in production are to be exquisite, language use and user-friendly, this easy-to-be they receive, and remember to consciously reject habitual fire violations; Secondly, in shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, schools, and other personnel-intensive sites focused on promoting the use of emergency power off by manually release, release or fire control room centralized control, and other ways you can promptly closed electromagnetic (lock) the access control system; third, in the supermarket, dance entertainment show and other places emphasis on promoting fire safety push latch and fire-alarm escape door lock system. In entertainment box as required to install image warning device and accidents, fires broadcast can eliminate the alert entertainment video to guide the evacuation; fourth, the design and manufacture of embedded micro-electronic sensors voice alarm, are installed on both sides of the fire shutter, safe export door, fireproof door changbishi and evacuation channels. When fire shutter by placing counters etc, distance alarm up to 1 m, the police immediately, and issued the "prohibition of placing goods under the shutter" voice prompts; when the personnel-intensive safety lock in during business hours, the alarm immediately reported and issue a "security export prohibition locked during business hours" voice prompts; when changbishi fire door open because people forget to turn off, the alarm immediately to the police, and the issue of "Please close the fire door" voice prompts; when evacuation channel blocking is installed in the passageway of the alarm immediately to the police, and the issue of "life channel, non-blocking" voice prompts until the fire violations elimination.