【 Weak current College 】 gas station security fire management-the Power By 【 China power house network 】

1 open fire management
1.1 productive fire management

PFS except in special circumstances require maintenance, the General should control hot jobs. PFS hot job must be reported to the competent Department approval. Includes fire causes of the job, location, time and appropriate safety precautions. Level fire job shall be submitted to the approval of the local fire department. Where there is no approved fire jobs, should be visually violation. There is no implementation of fire prevention measures and specify the hot job responsibility, will be allowed to fire a job. Electric-welded, gas blast job seekers must have special types of operation card holders. The following describes the production of fire, electric welding, gas welding on-site operations of fire management.

1.1.1 welding and cutting open flame job in fire and explosion prevention

In welding and cutting job before it is first necessary to clearly understand the job tasks, the job site on a gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel containers, equipment, operations before the adoption of a second look, ask, three of the four olfactory, measuring, inspection methods should never blindly welding and cutting. For welding and cutting operating environment complex temporary workplaces, to develop synergies with the relevant departments to implement programmes for safe operation, make up, pointing, for measures to implement the special job post responsibility system.

In order to prevent the welding and cutting the open fire in a fire, explosion, in security management should take the following measures:

A) units. In flammable and explosive place and no-fire zone, you should put the welding and cutting pieces down to migrate to a security zone for welding and cutting.

B) isolation. To do not disassemble the welding and cutting parts, welding and cutting of parts or equipment and other inflammable strict isolation.

C) cleaning. On the storage of flammable and explosive liquid equipment and piping for welding and cutting before you use hot water, steam or acid, Lye to clean residual liquid. On the pollutants not stripping angle, you should eliminate clean before cleaning.

D) removal of dangerous goods. The job site of the dangerous goods moved out, there is no placement within 5m inflammable.

E) open device. By welding and cutting equipment, job before unloading, to open all manhole, valves, etc.

F) strengthen ventilation. In flammable and explosive gas (oil vapour) indoor job should ventilate the room of inflammable, explosive and toxic gases discharged from an outdoor before welding and cutting jobs.

G) prepare fire equipment. For a different job sites and welding objects with a certain number of fire fighting equipment.

H) fire monitoring. On-site hot jobs, there should be a firefighter for guardianship. On the risk of fire, if necessary, make enterprise full-time firefighters on site monitoring.

1.1.2 the prohibition of the production of fire

One of the following situations, security managers, welder has the right to refuse to welding and cutting:

A certificate of no operation) welder, and no formal technical guidance given at the welder, cannot carry out welding and cutting jobs.

B) where special fire jobs as well as primary and secondary fire operation range of welding and cutting, does not go through the fire and approval procedures that cannot be arbitrarily for welding and cutting.

C) welder does not understand the welding spot around, not blind welding and cutting; not understanding device structures and devices internal safety cannot be welding and cutting.

D) contain a combustible gas (liquid), easy-to-gas (liquid), toxic substances in a container, without a thorough cleaning, welding and cutting.

E) flammable materials do secondary, heat insulation, sound insulation parts, take effective and reliable security measures cannot be welding and cutting.

F) pressure or sealing of containers, pipelines cannot welding and cutting.

G) welding and cutting sites nearby inflammable and explosive goods, without making a thorough clean-up or take effective security measures, no welding and cutting.

H) and external units adjacent to the site, without know-unit has affected, or not knowing the dangers and to take practical and effective security measures, no welding and cutting.

I) welding and cutting establishments and other types of work in the vicinity of the conflict, not welding and cutting.

1.1.3 welding and cutting open flame job considerations

Welding and cutting operations caused by the fire and explosion, a lot is happening at the open fire job end stage, or after the end of the project. Therefore, the gas station in productive fire job security, is also a very important task, their notes are as follows:

After a) job should check whether it has openly welded, fake welding and welding quality meets requirements such as the need for a small number of welding and should also be taken seriously, similar to implement security precautions.

B) device by welding or heating, must be completely cooling to pay, the unloading oil jobs; welding of oil container, must be approved by the water pressure, pressure test, qualified to use.

C) welding and cutting job is finished, you must timely clean, wipe the legacy of the fire, turn off the power supply, air supply.

1.2 household fire management

Gas station life fixed point must with fire and gas station complete isolation of hazardous explosive areas, fixed by fire point determines should be determined by the competent Department of audit. New petrol stations in the design of the corresponding life fixed fire point for system design. Fixed domestic fire point determine responsibility, be fixed, fixed, fixed equipment, measures, fixed fuel.

1.2.1 live fixed point management requirements with fire

A) stationmaster should life fixed point has overall responsibility for the use of fire, often on the station staff security fire prevention education, increasing employee safety and fire safety responsibilities, overcome the vigilance and luck, while making appropriate use of fire management system.

B) gas station life fixed fire points must be consistent with the vehicle refueling station design and construction specifications, safety distance requirements.

C) specifies a full-time or part-time staff responsible for the fixed point of the fire with fire management, fire, fire extinguishing one should be a person, really foolproof.

1.2.2 other fire safety management requirements

A) where every major holiday, a gas station near the living areas, neighbourhoods may discharge fireworks, firecrackers. Especially some fireworks, channeling line distance and height of the great threat to the safety of the gas station. To this end, before visiting residents speak clear, you can also use the "tell residents in the form of a letter". At the same time, the contact with the local police departments, in gas stations around the region clearly defined ' Fireworks zone, and to strengthen on-duty patrol.

B) gas station in business rooms, lounges and other places, the prohibition of the use of electric appliances such as electric bucket, heat faster, etc.

C) water filling stations, vessel to refuel, a crew member to ban smoking; II to extinguish fire (stove). Combined with good oil after leaving AOL launched 1m.

D) control xianzarenyuan stay, preventing them from free use of fire.

E) Prohibition of the use of the service station refueling site mobile phones, beepers, communications equipment.

2 fire equipment selection and maintenance of

2.1 fire equipment configuration

A) 2 dispenser should be set for a period of not less than 1 4kg extinguishers or 1 6L foam fire extinguishers. Dispenser for less than 2 by 2 table calculation.

B) ground storage tanks should be set 35kg push mftz 2. When both the distance between the media tank more than 15m, should be set.

C) underground storage tanks should be set 35kg trolley dry chemical fire extinguisher 1. When both the distance between the media tank more than 15m, should be set.

D) primary and secondary fuel station should be configured space 5 blocks, sand 2m3. Three-level gas station should be configured space 2 block, sand 2m3.

Gas station in configuration fire equipment, distribution to the tank farm, the unloading area, oiled area mainly placed neatly, where reasonable, roads, and convenience.

2.2 fire equipment use and maintenance of

Fire equipment maintenance of good and bad, the direct impact on its use and life. Therefore, you must strengthen the fire equipment maintenance and management, to be the "four fixed", i.e.: constant human management, regular checks, scheduled maintenance, periodic dressing, ensuring good and effective. At the same time, the gas stations each employee to learn about equipment name, performance, usage, and ensure that the correct action, correct use. Here are a few common use and maintenance of fire extinguishers.

2.2.1 chemical foam fire extinguishers

The extinguisher is mainly used for fire extinguishing oil products such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and benzene, toluene, etc of the beginning of a fire. It can also be used for fire extinguishing of solid substances. Foam fire extinguishers are not suitable for extinguishing fire and gas electric equipment fires. Foam fire extinguishers have chemical foam Tim fire extinguishers and two air-foam fire extinguishers.

Chemical foam fire extinguishers Jet out of foam is chemical foam. Chemical foam and air bubbles in the difference is that chemical foam contained in gas carbon dioxide gas; the air bubble within the containing gas into the air. Chemical foam fire extinguishers are portable and trolley.

Chemical foam fire extinguishers Jet out of foam is chemical foam. Chemical foam and air bubbles in the difference is that chemical foam contained in gas carbon dioxide gas; the air bubble within the gas to the air. Chemical foam fire extinguishers are portable and trolley.

A) portable chemical foam fire extinguishers

Portable chemical foam fire extinguishers from the cylinder, cylinder cover, nozzle and bottle of bile, etc. Usually, a bottle of bile in the aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate, shell built-in is aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. When the fire extinguisher upside down, two solutions blend, reacts, blasting out of the foam. In spray foam, fire extinguishers should be kept out of vertical State, cannot come for transverse or stand upright, spray interruption. As fire extinguishing combustible solid substances, should put the nozzle at the burning most violent crack Office Jet; such as fighting vessel oil fire, bubble jet in the container walls, allowing the foam along the wall down, such as fighting mobile oil fires, the operator should stand in the wind direction, and to minimize foam Jet angle to the ground, so that the foam from near and far to gradually cover the entire oil surface.

H) foam fire extinguishers maintenance and inspection

For maintenance of fire extinguishers, you should note the following;

① place of temperature-8 ~ 45 ℃.

② extinguishers shall be easily accessible locations and at the same time, care should be taken to a cool, dry, well ventilated, prevent rust corrosion or fire extinguishers.

③ frequently check fire extinguishers nozzle is blocked, if you have blocked, should promptly dredging.

④ regular check fire extinguishers have no corrosion or damage to the surface paint without shedding, mild peeling should promptly patched; significant corrosion, professional maintenance departments should be sent.

⑤ across the half-yearly periodical check, check the following:

Remove lid, check whether the firm installed filters, filter is blocked, check the lid sealing rubber gasket is damaged, there are no dislocation in the Assembly.

For trolleys-type fire extinguishers, you should also check whether the mouths of the seals, spray, spray corrosion hose and there is no plug valves, frame on wheels is a flexible and reliable.

⑥ for chemical foam fire extinguishers,Each year a reagent should be checked.

2.2.2 powder fire extinguishers

Dry powder fire extinguishers can be divided into ordinary and multi-purpose dry chemical fire extinguisher. Because both filling of dry powder, their use is not exactly the same. Ordinary dry chemical fire extinguisher filling is ordinary dry, such as potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate powder, powder is mainly used for fire extinguishing the following substances:

A, b, c liquid such as hydrocarbons (including gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, etc.), alcohols and ketones, esters, benzene and other organic solvents for the beginning fire; combustible gases such as city gas, methane, ethane, propane, and so on fire; electrical equipment such as Gates, generators, motors, electrical equipment of the beginning of a fire.

Use dry chemical fire extinguisher filling is more dry, such as ammonium salt, dry powder, ammonium sulfate salt powder and so on, apart from its scope of application and is the same as ordinary dry chemical fire extinguisher, can also be used to fight the solids such as wood, cotton, hemp, paper, etc. of the fire.

Because of the solid material fire is also known as A class a fire, a, b, c liquid fires also known as class b fire, combustible gas fire also known as the C class fire. Therefore, the ordinary dry powder fire extinguishers, also known as BC dry powder fire extinguishers, fire extinguishers, also known as ABC dry chemical fire extinguisher.

Ordinary dry powder fire extinguishers and the use of dry powder fire extinguishing is a 9, backsack and trolley dry powder fire extinguishers and extinguishing sticks and dry miehuodan and other forms, common for hand-held gas stations and trolley.

A) extinguishers

Dry chemical fire extinguisher is the use of high-pressure carbon dioxide gas-powered, Jet to powder for fire suppression. Extinguishers according to carbon dioxide in the form of dynamic gas configuration is divided into the built-in, external and reservoir pressure. Gas commonly used for built-in dry chemical fire extinguisher. Built-in extinguisher mainly by the cylinder, cylinder cover, gas cylinders, air jet system and opening mechanism, etc. Use the fire extinguisher before upside down several times, making the barrel dry loose.

Use dry chemical fire extinguisher should note:

First, fire extinguishers in the process should always remain upright, not lying or upside down, you cannot use dusting.

Second, after the dry powder extinguisher, because you want to prevent the recurrence of powder extinguishing cooling effect is very small and there were in the ignition point heat from the fire is easy to produce comes alive.

Third, use dry powder extinguishing fires containers of flammable liquids should fire from the flame, flame side alignment around the roots. When the flame is flooding out of containers, fast forward, the fire fight. Note-do not spray liquid directly on the nozzle, in order to prevent dry air impact makes oil splash, causing the fire to expand, resulting in a fire.

B) maintenance and inspection

Dry powder extinguisher storage environment temperature:-30 ~ 40 ℃, place shall be easily accessible and kept dry, ventilated and avoid rain, sunlight exposure or intense radiation, so as not to affect the normal use. Fire extinguisher by connections to tighten, trolley-type fire extinguishers frame parts shall not on the transport of loose, rotation should be flexible and reliable.

① everyday check. Regular checks of powder has no agglomeration phenomena. If it is discovered that the agglomeration should be replaced (but lumped powder after drying may continue to use). Always check the seals and safety devices, such as finding fault, should promptly fixed.

② periodic inspection. Per year of carbon dioxide gas cylinder leakage.

Inspection, remove the air tank (including trolley dry chemical fire extinguisher cylinders of carbon dioxide), weighing method to check the weight in carbon dioxide gas cylinders. Extinguishers CO2 gas bottles of leakage is greater than the nominal amount of 5% filling or 7g (whichever small light) should be provided for adequate ventilation. At the same time check the seal is a reliable, head nut is tightened to prevent leakage. For trolley dry chemical fire extinguisher, when carbon dioxide cylinders for leakage rate is greater than 10 per cent of the time, in accordance with the provisions of adequate capacity.

2.2.3 other fire extinguishing material

A) asbestos blanket

Asbestos blanket production, can also be used asbestos cloth 1 ~ 3 suture, and according to different circumstances of sewing to a circle or a square. Oil containers, available beginning fire quickly cover fire asbestos blanket container openings to suffocate the fire. Use when you cover, do not leak from the fire. Asbestos blanket effect similar there are wetted quilt, cotton pads, etc.

B) dry sand

Dry sand for control and fight ground float flow oil fires more practical, and are made from easy, easy to use. Fire using sand to keep clean and dry, with flammable substances may be, the more fine sand, the better the effect, setting the way buckets, sandbags, sandboxes, and with dedicated spade.

3 stations of some common fire suppression methods

3.1 fighting open container of oil fire

Open containers of evaporation area, if the oil pot hold gasoline cleaning vehicles, mechanical parts, in summer the temperature is very vulnerable to oil fire. When the exposure container of oil fires, the firefighting methods are as follows:

The presence of personnel not a) panic, unavailable, do not hurry to water will sink out of parts, preventing the taking part, the fire out of the tub, or fire resistant to, or turned over the oil basin, so that the oil fires scattered to fight difficult.

B) available configurations in a gas station in dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide fire extinguishing. Use foam extinguisher, foam should be careful to open the stream along wall surface, covering oil must not directly at the oil surface and reducing the fire effect.

C) If no fire extinguisher or failure, fire extinguisher chemicals available asbestos was or soaked in water of quilt, sacks, and so covered with fire, so that the oilFire suffocation.

Tank car fire fighting 3.2 method

A tank car at a gas station) on fire, should first quickly away from oil job site, and then make the fight.

B) if transceiver oil tank mouth on fire, you can start with asbestos is the tank cap, you can use with turning portable fire extinguishers at the oil tank outlet will fire. May also use other coverings such as wet cotton, wet burlap sacks, plug the oil tank outlet will fire.