【 Weak current College 】 automatic fire alarm system and linkage control device distribution requirements and routing features

First, the system power supply

1, automatic fire alarm system of main power to the load according to the first or second class. Because the installation of automatic fire alarm system places are important buildings or places, automatic fire alarm system such as timely, correct alarm, you can make people's lives and property protected or less affected by losses. Therefore requires its main power of high reliability, there are two or more power, in fire control rooms for automatic switching. At the same time also have DC standby power supply, to ensure its effective and reliable power supply. DC standby power use fire alarm controller dedicated battery or battery Central setting. When the DC standby power use of fire-fighting system centrally set of batteries, the fire alarm controller should be using a separate power supply circuit, and should ensure that the fire-fighting system at maximum load condition does not affect the normal work of alarm controller.

2. automatic fire alarm system of main and backup power supply, its size should be consistent with the requirements of the existing relevant national standards, in the standby power for charging and discharging 3 times, the main and standby power supply should be automatically converted. Using the main power and standby power supply, automatic fire alarm system control function and linkage function should be fine. Fire alarm controller power to automatically convert and backup power supply automatic charger, the standby power to undervoltage and overvoltage alarm function.

3. automatic fire alarm system with a CRT monitor, computer host, fire communications equipment, emergency broadcasting system is its main power use UPS power, this requirement is to prevent a sudden power loss resulted above device does not work properly.

4. disaster alarm system main power switch should not be a residual current protection switch. The reason for this is that the leakage current and ensure that device reliability to compare, the latter as the first. Controller's main power inlet, should direct and fire power connections, is strictly prohibited to use the power plug. The main power supply should be clearly marked.

5. fire-fighting appliances should use separate power supply circuit, and when the fire cut off production, consumption of electricity, should still be able to ensure the fire power, its power distribution equipment should be clearly marked. Its distribution lines and control loop should press the fire district.

6, high-rise buildings in fire control, fire pumps, fire service lift, smoke exhaust fan, power supply, should be the last level distribution box office set up automatic switching device.

7, a high-rise building electric power generation equipment, should be set to automatically start the installation, and in the 30s in the power supply. The second class of high-rise building electric power generation equipment, when the use of automatic startup difficulties, you can manually start the installation.

2. grounding

1, automatic fire alarm system grounding resistance value should meet the following requirements: the use of dedicated grounding, grounding resistance value should not be greater than 4 Ω, this value is the grounding requirements relating to your computer for unanimous. Use of common grounding equipment, grounding resistance value should not be greater than 1 Ω, and national electrical grounding specification for lightning protection and earthing system common grounding equipment, grounding resistance values called consistent. For grounding device is private or shared, to create a new project, generally try to use as well, where it is not possible to reach a private sharing can also be used.

2. automatic fire alarm system should be set dedicated grounding line and fire control rooms set up a dedicated add-floor. Dedicated grounding line should meet fire control rooms dedicated to grounding on the floor. Dedicated grounding link should use copper conductor insulated conductors, their core cross section area should not be less than 25 mm square. Dedicated grounding link should wear rigid plastic pipe laying to the grounding. Provides automatic fire alarm system should be in the fire control rooms set up dedicated next floor is necessary, this will help to ensure the system is working properly. Dedicated grounding link is received from fire control room floor to grounding that paragraph, if dedicated grounding refers to the floor from the received outside this period of grounding line. Computer and electronic equipment grounding line of general introduction paragraph cannot take flat or bare copper wire, etc., mainly in order separated with thunder, there is a need to avoid direct contact with the insulation, impact fire electronic equipment grounding effect. To do this requires dedicated grounding link should use copper conductor insulated conductors, their core area should not be less than 25 mm square, this requirement is a reference to the "IEC" standard, which is primarily intended to improve the reliability and minimize the conductor resistance.

3. use of common grounding device, generally add to the bottom floor in the basement of the reinforced concrete pile foundation for shared add-in location and not from fire control indoor pole directly welded wire leads, as private meet the floor.

4. work grounding line and protection earthing connection, you must separate the protection of the grounding conductor must not use the metal hose. Work grounding line should be used copper conductor insulated conductors or cables, not to use galvanized flat iron or metal hose.

5. fire control room to the next floor fire electronic devices dedicated grounding line should use copper conductor insulated conductors, their core wire cross section area should not be less than 4 mm square.

6, fire electronic equipment where the AC power supply, equipment, metal shell and metal brackets, etc. should be made to protect the Earth, Earth wire with electric protection earthing (PE) route. The power supply line should adopt single-phase and three-wire power supply system.

7. fire control room to the grounding of grounding line, through walls, into the pipe or other sturdy protective tube.

III. wiring

1, automatic fire alarm system cabling, should be consistent with existing national standards for the electrical installation work construction and acceptance. Wiring, according to the existing national standards of the automatic fire alarm system design code of conductor types, voltage level. Automatic fire alarm system of transmission lines and power control circuit below 50V, should adopt the voltage level not lower than AC 250V insulated conductors of copper or copper cable. Using AC power supply 220/380V or control lineShould be not less than the AC voltage 500V for copper conductor insulated conductors or cables with copper conductor.

2. automatic fire alarm system of transmission line stringing catheter and low-voltage power distribution systems for threading conduit, should adopt the metal pipe, flame treatment of hard plastic or closed several trunking etc., laying a downlead or concealed. When using rigid plastic tube, the application of the flame retardant, its oxygen index requires not less than 30, such as wiring trunking, trunking using closed fire safety requirements. If using ordinary trunking, trunking cable for trunk system, this cable use fire-type. When using Express installation, you should adopt the metal pipe or trunkings protection and should be a metal pipe or trunkings on fire protection measures. Adopted by retarding cable can not wear metal pipe protection, but should be laying in cable shaft or ceiling with fire protection measures within closed Groove.

3, fire control, communications, and alert line and automatic fire alarm system of transmission line, more important, so this part of the thread a catheter choice more demanding, concealed is allowed to use retardant rigid plastic, other cases only using a metal pipe or trunkings. Fire control, communications, and alert line of catheter, General requirements for laying in non-combustion of structural layer, its thickness should not be less than 30 mm, for a pipeline in the concrete can afford to protection role in preventing fires and fire control, communications, and alert line break, so that the fire-fighting work can be done, resulting in greater economic losses. When using the downlead should be using a metal pipe or trunkings protection and should be a metal pipe or take fire on trunkings. From the mesh line, the main fire prevention measures are in metal tubes, trunkings surface with fire retardant paint.

4. automatic fire alarm system cable shaft, and electricity, lighting, low-voltage distribution lines and cable shaft set. If unconditional must be combined, the two cable should be arranged either side of the shaft. Main purpose is to prevent the strong electricity system on the current system of automatic fire alarm equipment. Should not be automatic fire alarm system of cables and HV power cables on the same vertical laying.

5. fire detectors of transmission line, to select a different color of insulated wires or cables. Cathode "+" line should be red, anode "-" line should be blue. The same project in the same color you should use wires, terminals should have a label. Primarily for ease of wiring and servicing. Practice, some manufacturers of auto alarm system transfer bus no longer divided into polarity, this construction is convenient, but transfer bus and 24 v power supply cable and chain equipment line or difference between the colors, will bring to the construction and commissioning is very convenient.

6, terminal box on terminations should select crimping or Tin solder point Terminal Board, its terminals should have the appropriate label. At present construction crimp technology has been widely adopted, the press can improve the reliability of operation.

7. the different systems and different voltage level, different current categories of line, and should not be worn in the same tubes or Groove within the same slot.

8, automatic fire alarm system, conductors with each circuit conductors 500V insulation resistance measurement of a megohmmeter, on his insulation resistance value should not be less than 20 M Ω. This is according to the current standard GB4717 on controller insulation requirements accordingly.

9, introducing controller cable or wire, should meet the following requirements: wiring should be neat, avoiding overlapping, and should be fixed firmly; cable and equipped to the end of the wire should be marked with the numbers, and in line with the drawing, writing clearly not fade; Terminal Board of each terminal, the terminal may not exceed 2 root; cable cores and conductors, should have not less than the margin 20cm; wire strands should be binding; wire inlet thread after plugging in the service should be carried out.

10, fire hydrant pump, spray pumps and other wiring: water pump motor power distribution lines often use flame-retardant cable wear metal tube and placed in the non-burning body structure, or use a fire-resistant cable with fireproof cable tray, or choose mineral insulated cable. Pumping supply General direct from high-rise building substation; when the substation and pump house nearby and belong to the same fire partitions, use fire-resistant cables or refractory bus along fire-type cable bridge downlead; when the substation and pumping distance and across the different fire partitions, you can use mineral insulated cable.

11, smoke control equipment wiring: smoke control equipment distribution lines, use downlead crosslinked fire-or low-voltage cables, mineral insulated cable may be concealed when General fire-resistant cable. Smoke control equipment of linkage and control line, the use of fire-resistant cable. Smoke control equipment for line in laying length should be as short as possible, avoid passing through different fire partitions.

12, fire shutter wiring: fire shutter power usually cited with dual power switch floor distribution box, fire shutter dedicated distribution box with radial or ring-type power supply to the control box. When fire shutter level distribution line is long, the use of fire-resistant cable and ceiling using fireproof Cable Tray downlead.

13, fire elevator wiring: fire lift by building the underlying substation laying two road green power distribution to the top of the elevator machine room, because lines are long and routing is complex, fire lift power distribution lines should be fire-resistant cable; when there are special requirements for reliability, two-channel distribution line all the way in the use of mineral insulated cable.

14, fire emergency lighting wiring: generally use flame retardant wire wear metal tube concealed within the structure of the inflammable and protective layer thickness (30mm, decoration engineering, emergency lighting line only within the downlead suspended ceiling, you should use heat-resistant type or refractory-wire and fire-resistant wiring into account.

15, other fire equipment wiring: fire incidents in broadcasting, fire telephone, fire alarm and other equipment for electrical wiring, when the conditions allow to give priority to the use of flame retardant wire wear protective tube concealed; when using MingPacking line, the corresponding lines do fire-resistive dealing or take into account the aforementioned measures heat-resistant wires.

IV. concluding remarks

From the above analysis, we found the automatic fire alarm system on power and cabling requirements than conventional lighting, power and other system requirements are higher, this is the automatic fire alarm system and joint facilities of the importance in modern architecture, design, construction must pay great attention to it and not for any reason without reducing the design standards, nor allow shoddy workmanship. The only way to effective automatic fire alarm system in modern architecture.


Reference documents:
The automatic fire alarm system design code (GB50166-98)
The automatic fire alarm system construction acceptance (GB50166-92)
The tall buildings design fire protection standard (GB50045-95) 2001 revision Board
The architectural design fire protection standard (GBJ16-87) 2001 revision Board